The rebellion of 1934 in Ayacucho and Huancavelica was part of a larger national insurrection attempt by the APRA party. Led by Arístides Guillén Valdivia, local rebels managed to take control of key government buildings in Huamanga, believing in a nationwide uprising. However, upon realizing they were abandoned by their …
The 1940 national census recorded a total population of 7,023,111 inhabitants in Peru. At that time, Metropolitan Lima had 661,508 inhabitants, representing only 9.4% of the country's total population. This census marks an important reference point for understanding the subsequent demographic changes experienced by the country, especially the process of …
In 1945, the La Parada wholesale market was inaugurated in Lima, an event that had important demographic and urban consequences for the Peruvian capital. This inauguration generated a new wave of slum formation in the area, driving migration and informal settlement processes. The opening of this wholesale market provoked the …
The invasion of San Cosme hill in 1946 marked the beginning of the process of formation of shantytowns around the city of Lima. This event was followed months later by the invasion of San Pedro and the following year by that of El Agustino, despite strong state repression that would …
In 1946, the invasion of Cerro San Cosme marked the beginning of the formation of precarious settlements around Lima. This event was followed by similar invasions in San Pedro and El Agustino, despite strong state repression. Over time, the state adopted a more tolerant approach, leading to the growth of …
The invasion of San Pedro was one of the first land occupations that initiated the formation of shantytowns around Lima. It occurred months after the invasion of San Cosme hill in 1946, followed the next year by the invasion of El Agustino. These invasions took place despite strong state repression …
The invasion of El Agustino occurred in 1947, as part of the first wave of slum formation in Metropolitan Lima. This process began with the invasion of San Cosme hill in 1946, followed months later by that of San Pedro, and the following year by that of El Agustino. These …
In 1960, the derogation of Law 12502 led to the dismissal of Walter Peñalosa Ramella and other professors from La Cantuta, who were considered communists. This action sparked significant student protests involving the entire national teaching body, culminating in a march to Lima. The event highlighted La Cantuta as a …
In 1961, seven additional districts were registered in the province of Lima, four of them as a result of the creation of seaside resorts and three as a result of the subdivision of existing districts due to the pressure of urban growth. The three districts created by subdivision were Breña, …
The district of El Agustino was created in 1965 as part of the urban expansion process of Metropolitan Lima. This district arose from the formation of shantytowns in the Eastern Cone of the city, in a context of accelerated demographic growth as a result of internal migration. The creation of …
In 1967, the administrative division of the district of Lurigancho took place to create the new district of San Juan de Lurigancho. This division was the result of the pressure of urban growth in the eastern part of Metropolitan Lima. The process of district subdivision was part of the sociodemographic …
After the split of Red Flag in 1967, the red faction of the "José Carlos Mariátegui Regional Committee" (CRJCM), led by Abimael Guzmán, carried out a series of activities and plenary sessions in Lima. This split marked a crucial moment in the history of the Peruvian radical left, giving rise …
In 1969, significant student mobilizations occurred in Ayacucho, Peru, in response to a government decree threatening the free secondary education. These protests were part of a broader movement for educational rights and were influenced by the Frente de Defensa del Pueblo, which had connections to future members of the PCP-SL. …
During the 1970s, Lima experienced its greatest peripheral growth, with new districts being created as a result of the formation of shantytowns in the Northern, Southern and Eastern Cones. In the Northern Cone, the districts of Comas and Independencia were created as a result of the pressure of urban growth …
Villa El Salvador was founded in 1971 as a response by the reformist military government of Juan Velasco Alvarado (1968-1975) to a land invasion organized by recent migrants and residents of Lima's slums and alleys. The district was especially characterized by its organizational level, its capacity for self-management and the …
In 1971, around a thousand families, consisting of migrants and residents from the slum areas of central Lima, occupied state and private lands on the Primero de Mayo hill in Pamplona. The government, led by General Juan Velasco Alvarado, relocated these settlers to a large sandy area 26 kilometers south …
On 14 November 1972, the Comité Regional '14 de Junio' was formed as part of the Shining Path's efforts to establish 'generated organisms' among workers in various production sectors. This marked a significant step in expanding the organization's influence beyond Ayacucho, with small groups of militants also present in Lima …
In 1973, the Revolutionary Student Front (FER) of Huamanga, a member of the José Carlos Mariátegui Regional Committee (CRJCM) led by Abimael Guzmán, printed a series of leaflets that circulated clandestinely in the universities of Huamanga and Lima. On the cover of these leaflets appeared the profile of José Carlos …
Until 1975, coca leaf production in Alto Huallaga was mainly destined to supply the traditional demand. Its main consumers were the peasants of Huánuco, Cerro de Pasco, Junín and Andean migrants in Lima and other departments of the northern coast. The business was profitable and many coastal and highland traders …
In June 1975, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began the reconstitution of the party, incorporating new militants and rethinking the development of the people's war in the city. When a contradiction appeared within the Regional Committee, Abimael Guzmán opted to hold the Convention of the Regional Committee 'June 14' in Lima, specifically …
In June 1975 the PCP-SL began the process of reconstitution of the party, incorporating new militants and rethinking the development of the people's war in the city. This process took place after the IV Plenum of the Central Committee held in 1974, where it was proposed to 'retake the path …
In March 1976, the inhabitants of Ate-Vitarte mobilized in support of the workers of the FAM factory. This mobilization was part of a broader context of popular protests during the military regime, where the interests of the slum dwellers were articulated with the demands of the labor movement. The action …
In May 1976, the first workers' cell of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) carried out a leafleting campaign in different districts of the capital. This action was framed in the context of the XIII Convention of the Regional Committee "June 14" held in Lima, where it …
In May 1976 the XIII Convention of the Regional Committee '14 June' of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso was held in Lima. At this meeting it was agreed that the Popular Women's Movement and the Revolutionary Students' Front (FER), as well as the first workers' cell of the Workers' Self-Education Center, would …
Nilda Atanasio, a former student of Abimael Guzmán, played a significant role in the ideological penetration and consolidation of the PCP-SL at the National University of Education (UNE) in Lima during the 1970s. Her activities included forming study circles and engaging in open proselytism for the Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) …
In May 1977, the Comité de Coordinación y Lucha Barrial (Neighborhood Coordination and Struggle Committee) was formed in Lima, an organization that articulated the workers' and neighborhood movement in the context of the mobilizations against the military government. This committee emerged after the government decreed a State of Emergency in …
The National Strike of July 19, 1977 demonstrated the unity between the labor and neighborhood movements in Metropolitan Lima. It is estimated that 43% of the slum dwellers were workers, which facilitated an intense but spontaneous participation of the slum dwellers. This strike was called by the 'Comité de Coordinación …
The strike of May 22 and 23, 1978 demonstrated the strength and importance of the neighborhood movement in Lima, with a much more organized participation than in the previous strike of 1977. The northern, southern and eastern zones of Lima became battlefields during these two days. This mobilization crystallized the …
Social mobilizations against the increase in fuel and fares continue. In the Constituent Assembly, both the PAP and the PPC blame political agitators for promoting such disturbances. Police repression causes the death of three high school students in Lima and Ayacucho during protests against price increases.
In 1980, Peru introduced universal municipal elections, allowing local governments to be elected by popular vote. This significant political change enabled the left-wing parties to gain control in many districts of Lima, particularly in the northern, southern, and eastern areas. The elections marked a shift in political dynamics, as the …
In 1980, the Shining Path (PCP-SL) systematically deployed its members across various communities and institutions in the northern highlands of Lima, particularly in the province of Cajatambo. This expansion involved recruiting militants from universities and strategically placing them in key positions within educational and cultural institutions. The PCP-SL's efforts to …
The attack in Chuschi in 1980 marked the beginning of the actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. According to the CVR report, almost parallel to the attack in Chuschi, in Lima there was a fire in the municipality of San Martin de Porres, while a series of symbolic and intimidating acts …
The burning of the municipality of San Martin de Porres was one of the first acts of violence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Lima, occurring almost parallel to the founding attack in Chuschi, Ayacucho, which marked the beginning of the armed struggle. This act was part of the initial conception …
In 1980, one of the first subversive actions in the northern cone of Lima was the burning of the San Martín de Porres municipal building. This area, with a significant presence of the MRTA, became a zone of popular expansion and subversive activity. The incident marked the beginning of a …
Juan Coaccza Chifana, leader of the Federation of Municipal Workers of Peru, died in May 1980 in Lima. According to complaints filed with the ILO (International Labor Organization), the alleged perpetrator of his death was the Civil Guard. This case is one of the violations of freedom of association documented …
On the eve of the presidential elections of May 1980, the PCP-SL broke into Chuschi, Cangallo, Ayacucho, attacking the electoral registry office. This event marked the symbolic beginning of the internal war unleashed by the Shining Path. The action culminated with the capture of four suspects. The event was barely …
In May 1980, presidential elections were held in Peru, marking the return to democracy after the military regime (1968-1980). On the eve of these elections, the PCP-SL broke into Chuschi, Cangallo, Ayacucho, assaulting the electoral registry office, an event that was barely mentioned by the Ayacucho and national press. The …
Two weeks after the attack in Chuschi that marked the beginning of the armed struggle of the PCP-SL, a meeting of the Enlarged Political Bureau was held in Lima. The objective of this meeting was to take stock of the actions carried out since the beginning of the war and …
The internal armed conflict began in Metropolitan Lima on June 13, 1980, when approximately 60 youths from the MOTC (Movimiento de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas) threw Molotov cocktails at the Municipality of San Martin de Porres. This period is characterized by sabotage and attacks against state institutions, including ministries and …
On June 13, 1980, a group of approximately 60 young individuals associated with the MOTC (Movimiento de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas) launched molotov cocktails at the San Martín de Porres Municipality. This event is believed to mark the beginning of armed actions by the PCP-SL in Lima, operating under the …
Militants of the Workers and Classist Workers Movement (MOTC), an organization of the Shining Path, threw explosive devices known as Molotov cocktails against the district municipal headquarters of San Martin de Porres in Lima. This attack was part of the first armed actions of the PCP-SL in the capital of …
On June 13, a mob of demonstrators threw Molotov cocktails at the premises of the municipality of San Martin de Porres. Flyers of the so-called Movimiento de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas were found. This attack was one of the first acts of political violence in Lima during the beginning of …
The Department of Ucayali was officially created on June 18, 1980, through the promulgation of Decree Law 23099. This event marked a significant milestone in addressing the regional demands for autonomy and development, allowing for increased public investment and attention to local needs. The creation of the department was a …
On December 13, 1980, alleged subversives dynamited a high tension tower of the interconnection line of the Mantaro Hydroelectric Power Plant in the district of Chambará, province of Concepción. This attack was part of the first subversive actions of the PCP-SL in the city of Huancayo and the Mantaro valley. …
On December 26, 1980, several dogs dawned hanging from electric lighting poles in downtown Lima. The dogs carried signs with the inscription 'Teng Siao Ping', in reference to the Chinese leader. This symbolic act was part of the first propaganda actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Peruvian capital. The …
During the IV Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the PCP-SL held in 1981, the creation of the popular committees as 'embryos of the new power' was planned. In this session it was decided to empower the Metropolitan Committee to act in the capital as a 'sounding board' for …
In 1981, the MIR-VR significantly influenced the political landscape in San Martín, Peru, by winning the leadership of the SUTE-SM during its regional congress in Sauce. The victory was led by Lucas Cachay Huamán and marked a pivotal moment for the MIR-VR, as it expanded its influence across various cities …
In the 1981 municipal elections in Peru, the leftist coalition Izquierda Unida (IU) achieved significant electoral success, securing 23.3% of the national vote and 28.3% in Lima. This marked the first time the left took control of major municipal governments, including the city of Arequipa and several other departmental capitals. …
On January 5, 1981, the first assassination of a policeman by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took place in Lima. Civil Guard Rigoberto Trigoso Daza was assassinated while guarding the house of the Minister of War. This event marked a turning point in political violence in the capital, being the first fatal …
In February 1981, approximately 20,000 residents of San Juan de Lurigancho, a district in Lima, Peru, participated in a large-scale protest demanding better living conditions, specifically addressing issues related to water and sewage. The protest was a response to the government's failure to implement a promised 'Plan of Emergency' for …
In the early morning of May 4, 1981, between 2:30 and 4:00 AM, a dozen terrorist acts were registered in different parts of Lima. The attacks caused material damage to both state and private sector properties. These attacks were part of the initial strategy of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso to use …
On August 1, 1981, multiple simultaneous bombings took place in different parts of Lima. The targets included 4 premises of Acción Popular (AP), 3 of them located in San Martin and Barrios Altos, as well as 3 Peace Courts and the ESAL Office in Villa el Salvador. These attacks were …
In Lima, four people burst into the studios of La Cronica radio station and forced the operator to broadcast a proclamation calling the people to armed struggle. This act of armed propaganda was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's strategy to spread its revolutionary message using the mass media.
In the early morning of August 31, 1981, six terrorist attacks took place in different parts of Lima. These attacks appeared to all appear as products of the same rigorously planned plan or operation. The attacks were part of the initial strategy of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the capital, characterized …
On September 8, 1981, ten new firecrackers were set off in different parts of Lima. This event was part of a series of terrorist attacks that had been taking place in the capital since mid-1981. The attacks were part of the initial strategy of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso to carry out …
On the night of November 24, 1981, about a hundred people staged a riot in the center of Miraflores, causing material damage to the branches of the Credito and Continental banks. The group exploded several Molotov cocktails shouting 'down with the government', 'the guerrilla is the way' and 'the guerrilla …
On the night of November 24, 1981, about a hundred people staged a riot in the center of Miraflores, causing material damage to the branches of the Credito and Continental banks. The group exploded several Molotov cocktails shouting 'down with the government', 'the guerrilla is the way' and 'the guerrilla …
On the night of November 24, 1981, about a hundred people staged a riot in the center of Miraflores, causing material damage to the branches of the Credito and Continental banks in that district. The group exploded several Molotov cocktails shouting "down with the government", "the guerrilla is the way" …
During a night march, a mob of more than 50 people threw 20 Molotov cocktails shouting "guerrilla is the way", destroying the windows of two banks in the center of Miraflores. This attack was part of the first stage of violence in Metropolitan Lima, characterized by sabotage and attacks on …
Between 1982 and 1987, the number of seditious actions carried out by the PCP-SL in Metropolitan Lima was higher than in Ayacucho, marking a significant change in the subversive strategy. This period represents the second half of the 1980s, when subversive actions in the cities acquired a new dimension and …
Beginning in 1982, the PCP-SL increased its actions in the Central Zone of Lima, attacking commercial centers during blackouts, as well as carrying out a series of attacks and assaults on police officers. Violence intensified from the mid 80's onwards. On August 20, 1982, a State of Emergency was declared …
In March 1982, a command unit of Sendero Luminoso executed a daring assault on the CRAS of Huamanga, successfully rescuing their imprisoned members. The operation exposed the inadequacies of the police response and the lack of military intervention due to the absence of orders from Lima. This event marked a …
In March 1982, media leaders in Lima, Peru, considered self-regulating the coverage of subversive violence to reduce its impact on the public. This decision was prompted by a series of small-scale attacks, including a notable incident where a bomb was thrown at the Government Palace. The media's attempt to limit …
The assault on the High Security Prison (CRAS) of Huamanga took place, from where 304 inmates managed to escape, of which approximately 70 were hikers. The attackers spread throughout the city, dispersing and pinning down the police with gunfire while they subdued the prison guards. The Army troops did not …
On March 2, 1982, the Centro de Reclusión de Alta Seguridad (CRAS) in Huamanga was assaulted, leading to the escape of 304 inmates, including approximately 70 members of the Shining Path (PCP-SL). The attackers engaged police in gunfights while freeing the prisoners, and the military did not intervene due to …
The PCP-SL managed the escape of 304 prisoners from the CRAS of Huamanga, of which approximately 70 were Shining Path members, among them Hildebrando Pérez Huarancca and Edith Lagos. It was the largest military action undertaken by the PCP-SL up to that date and was carried out with surprising effectiveness, …
There was the first general blackout in Lima that lasted more than two hours, caused by PCP-SL attacks on high tension towers. It was followed by a synchronized series of dynamite attacks. This event began to modify the hypothesis about the real magnitude of the PCP-SL, until then considered practically …
On 29 March 1982, Lima experienced its first general blackout, lasting over two hours, followed by a series of synchronized dynamite attacks. This event marked a significant shift in the perception of the Shining Path (PCP-SL), which was previously considered a regional threat confined to Ayacucho. The scale of the …
On March 29, 1982, there was a total blackout in Lima for two hours. This event was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's sabotage strategy against the capital's electrical infrastructure. The blackouts in the city were part of the actions characteristic of the initial period of violence (1980-1984), when the PCP-SL …
In April 1982, the Vicariate Commission of Pastoral Human Dignity was established in the southern cone of Lima. This commission, led by Mons. Schmitz and composed of 11 members elected by delegates from 25 communities, played a significant role during the period of political violence in Peru. It served as …
On May 18, 1982, a group of hikers illuminated one of the hills of El Agustino with the hammer and sickle. This action was part of the propaganda activities of the PCP-SL in the eastern zone of Metropolitan Lima. The event took place in the context of the expansion of …
In July 1982, the Sendero Luminoso launched its largest offensive since the beginning of its armed struggle, with 34 terrorist actions and five mass incursions into small towns. This included attacks on municipalities in Ayacucho and the assassination of local officials. In response to the escalating violence, the Peruvian government …
Luis Kawata Makabe, a teacher at a pre-university academy, was arrested in Ica accused of being one of the leaders of the PCP-SL. This was his second arrest, as he had also been apprehended the previous year for alleged links to terrorism, and was released shortly afterwards. The arrest took …
The Council of Ministers declared a state of emergency in Lima and Callao for sixty days through Supreme Decree 036.82.IN. This measure was taken in the context of a growing wave of terrorist attacks by the PCP-SL both in the capital and in the interior of the country. Prime Minister …
On August 2, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso blew up 5 high tension towers, causing a general blackout in Lima and Callao. This attack was part of the initial strategy of sabotage and attacks against state infrastructure that characterized the period 1980-1984. Attacks on high voltage pylons were a recurrent tactic …
Teófilo Pacheco Quispe, a member of the MRTA (Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru), died on August 9, 1982 in a confrontation with the police in the district of Surquillo, Lima. This event occurred in the context of a growing wave of political violence in the country, during the month in which …
On August 19, 1982, there was a generalized blackout in Lima accompanied by multiple attacks in different parts of the city. This event was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's strategy of carrying out sabotage to the electrical infrastructure and simultaneous attacks against state institutions. The blackouts were provoked by blowing …
On August 20, 1982, a State of Emergency was declared in Lima and Callao, after it had already been decreed in some places in the interior of the country. This measure marked the beginning of a series of attacks in the capital and was part of the State's response to …
A state of emergency was declared in Lima and Callao for 60 days. The PCP-SL had planned a 'Great Response' to this declaration, consisting of a campaign of 'panic' actions aimed at psychologically wearing down the forces of law and order. However, this plan apparently aborted because during those months …
In response to escalating terrorist activities by the Shining Path (PCP-SL), President Fernando Belaúnde Terry declared a state of emergency in Lima and Callao on August 20, 1982. Despite this measure, the violence continued, including a significant attack on a police post in Vilcashuamán on August 22, resulting in the …
In September 1982, a group of approximately 30 individuals formed the 'Comité de Familiares de Presos Políticos de Izquierda Unida Independiente' in Lima, Peru. This committee was established to provide economic and legal support to families of political prisoners, particularly those from the provinces who were often unfamiliar with legal …
The PCP-SL celebrated Abimael Guzmán Reinoso's birthday with simultaneous attacks in Lima and Ayacucho during December 1982. This wave of attacks was part of an escalation of violence that characterized the end of that year. The attacks occurred in a context of growing terrorist activity that led the Armed Forces …
A PCP-SL annihilation commando entered the headquarters of the National Institute of Culture in Huamanga and shot its chief Walter Wong at point blank range. The subversives acted coldly, they did not even cover their faces and walked away from the premises with total tranquility. Wong died at the Huamanga …
On December 26, 1982, President Fernando Belaunde Terry issued an ultimatum to the Shining Path. This occurred in a context of escalating violence in Metropolitan Lima, where the PCP-SL had intensified its subversive actions. During that year there had been multiple attacks, including general blackouts in Lima and Callao due …
Alfonso Barrantes, a prominent figure in the leftist coalition Izquierda Unida (IU), won the mayoral election of Lima in 1983. His leadership marked a shift towards a more moderate and reformist approach within the IU, distancing from radical elements and opposing armed struggle. This event highlighted the internal divisions within …
In 1983, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) intensified its efforts to establish a political presence within university campuses in Lima. The group focused on gaining influence in student services such as the Comedor and the Residencia, targeting economically disadvantaged students from rural areas. By leveraging a …
In 1983, the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru (MRTA) was founded in Lima, Peru. The group, consisting of members from the MIR and PSR-ML, began its activities by acquiring funds through robberies to support their political and personal needs. The MRTA later became involved in student politics and propaganda efforts at …
During the months following the murder of the journalists in January 1983, Uchuraccay continued to be the scene of violence, death and desolation. One hundred and thirty-five community members were killed as a result of attacks by the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path, repression by counter-subversive forces and …
In 1983, subversive groups attacked the municipal buildings of Comas and Rimac as part of their strategy of sabotage and intimidation against local authorities and state representatives. These attacks were part of a series of actions against municipalities that began in 1980 with the burning of the municipality of San …
On January 20, 1983, the first public appearance of armed militants of the PCP-SL took place in Lima. Four militants burst into the university dining hall where they harangued the diners present. During the action, they distributed a document on the advance of the war in the country. In addition, …
After the events of January 26, 1983, when Uchuraccay villagers murdered eight journalists, believing them to be members of the Shining Path, the community suffered devastating reprisals. The Communist Party of Peru-Shining Path carried out multiple attacks against Uchuraccay throughout 1983 and 1984, killing more than a hundred villagers. The …
On January 26, 1983, eight journalists from three Lima newspapers were murdered in the town of Uchuraccay. This was the most notorious case in the interior of the country in the early 1980s. The report mentions this event in the context of how the attacks in the provinces did not …
On January 30, 1983, the judicial process for the Uchuraccay massacre formally began with the exhumation of the bodies of the eight journalists and other victims. The examining magistrate of Huamanga, Dr. Hugo Molina, took cognizance of the case even though Uchuraccay was not in his jurisdiction. The diligence was …
On February 7, 1983, a group of approximately 15 armed people attacked the warehouses of the Monterrey store in Lima. This attack was part of the first stage of the internal armed conflict in the capital, characterized by sabotage and attacks on state institutions and private companies. The event occurred …
On the third day after the Sacsamarca rebellion, members of the Army arrived in Sancos aboard two helicopters. The population that had gathered in the square to attend a popular trial decided to escape. The military fired indiscriminately, killing 14 people, among them nine subversives and two young ladies who …
On March 9, 1983, a State of Emergency was declared for the first time in Metropolitan Lima, marking a milestone in the state response to the internal armed conflict. This measure came after a State of Emergency had already been declared in some areas of the interior of the country. …
During the national strike of March 10, 1983, four workers were murdered in Lima (Comas) by the Republican Guard. The victims were Sixto Pérez Sánchez, José Antonio Monayco, Liborio Alfonso Aguilar and Hermenegildo Julián Huatuco. This event was documented in complaints filed with the International Labor Organization (ILO) as part …
On May 6, 1983, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) attacked the headquarters of Acción Popular in Pucallpa. This attack was part of the first wave of the First Military Campaign of the PCP-SL, which took place between May and June 1983. The attack took place in …
On May 11, 1983, the burial was held in Lima of PCP-SL sympathizers who had been assassinated days earlier. The bodies were buried in the presence of numerous PCP-SL sympathizers. This event took place in a context of intense subversive activity and military repression in the country, particularly in Ayacucho. …
The Civil Guard went on strike on May 25, 1983, in a context of growing political violence and social tension in the country. As an immediate response to this paralyzation of the police forces, the government decreed a state of emergency in Lima and Callao. This measure was part of …
On May 25, 1983, a police strike occurred in Peru, primarily demanding salary improvements. The strike led to the government declaring a state of emergency in Lima and Callao, suspending constitutional guarantees, and deploying army tanks to patrol the streets. The strike resulted in the approval of salary homologation for …
One affiant was detained for the first time on May 26, 1983 in the Parque de Las Leyendas, a zoo located in the district of Maranga. In April 1983, 40 soldiers and 3 Sinchis, all carrying firearms, entered her home. The text mentions this detention in the context of cases …
On May 27, 1983, there was a power cut in Lima that allowed the execution of several terrorist attacks. This event occurred in a context of intensified political violence, during the first wave of the First Campaign of the PCP-SL that was taking place between May and June 1983. As …
On May 27, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso dynamited 10 high tension towers in Lima, causing a general blackout in the city. This action was part of the subversive strategy of sabotaging the capital's electrical infrastructure. The attack took place in the context of the first stage of the internal armed …
On May 30, 1983, the Peruvian government decreed a state of emergency throughout the country for sixty days, suspending several individual guarantees. This measure was taken in view of repeated acts of sabotage at different points of the interconnected electrical system. Days before, on May 27, there had been a …
On May 30, 1983, the Peruvian government decreed a state of emergency throughout the country for sixty days. This measure was taken in view of repeated acts of sabotage at different points of the interconnected electrical system and the growing wave of terrorist violence. Several of the individual guarantees were …
On June 27, 1983, the resignation of the Minister of Labor, Alfonso Grados Bertorini, during the government of Fernando Belaunde Terry, was confirmed. Later, in August of the same year, it was announced that Patricio Ricketts Rey de Castro was leaving the Ministry of Labor to move to the Ministry …
The second wave of the First Military Campaign of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path took place from July to October 1983. This phase was characterized by an intensification of terrorist attacks throughout the country, including actions against party premises and strategic infrastructure. On July 11, there was …
On July 11, 1983, at approximately 7:28 p.m., a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked with shrapnel and explosives the main office of the Acción Popular political party located on Paseo Colón. The attack was carried out by a group of subversives who threw three dynamite charges inside the premises …
On July 11, 1983 there was a terrorist attack against the central office of the Acción Popular (AP) party in Lima. This attack was part of the second wave of the First Military Campaign of the PCP-SL, which took place from July to October 1983. All the media and sectors …
On July 21, 1983, the Peruvian capital suffered the most serious power outage in its history. This blackout allowed the execution of several terrorist attacks in the city. The event occurred in the context of an intense campaign of violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, which had declared its second wave …
On July 22, 1983, the PCP-SL attacked the Institute of Technical Research of Auquenidos located in La Raya, province of Canchis, department of Cuzco. This attack took place in the context of the second wave of the First Military Campaign of the PCP-SL, which took place between July and October …
On August 13, 1983, Alfonso Grados Bertorini accepted to run for mayor of Lima for the Acción Popular (AP) party. Grados Bertorini had previously resigned as Minister of Labor on June 27, 1983. His candidacy was in the context of the municipal elections to be held in November of that …
On September 1, 1983, a criminal complaint was filed against several individuals for acts of terrorism in Lima, Peru. The charges included homicide and serious injuries with firearms and explosives, related to attacks between October 1982 and July 1983. The trial led to convictions and sentences, with some defendants receiving …
The PCP-SL perpetrated an attack on the main office of Acción Popular on the day that the General Departmental Plenary of Lima was to be held. As a result of the attack, a security agent was killed and three members of Acción Popular were wounded. Investigating what happened, an ensign …
On October 28 and 31, 1983, debates were held between the four main candidates for mayor of Lima. The participants were Amiel of the PPC, Barnechea of the PAP, Barrantes of the IU and Grados of the AP. These debates were widely covered by the media. The event was held …
In November 1983, the leftist coalition Izquierda Unida (IU) achieved a significant political victory by winning the municipal elections in Lima, with Alfonso Barrantes elected as mayor. IU secured 29% of the total votes nationwide, winning in seven departmental capitals and 30 provincial capitals. Despite this success, the victory did …
Municipal elections were held throughout the country, and the IU candidate, Alfonso Barrantes Lingán, won the mayoralty of Lima. His victory provoked a series of expectations among his voters, especially in the popular sectors, and among the ranks of the political parties and organizations that make up the IU. For …
On November 13, 1983, municipal elections were held throughout the country. These elections took place in a context of intense political violence and terrorist attacks by the PCP-SL. In Lima, the United Left (IU) coalition was the winner. The main candidates for mayor of Lima were Amiel of the PPC, …
On November 13, 1983, municipal elections were held throughout the country. In Lima, Izquierda Unida (IU) won, marking an important political milestone in the Peruvian capital. Alfonso Barrantes Lingán, IU candidate, was victorious in these municipal elections. Subsequently, in January 1984, Alfonso Barrantes Lingán formally assumed the mayoralty of Lima.
On November 16, 1983, an MRTA commando placed a bomb in a house in the Lima district of San Borja, where North American marines were staying. This attack was part of the MRTA's initial actions in Lima that year. The event occurred in the context of increasing activity by subversive …
On 16 November 1983, the MRTA carried out an attack using explosives on the house of U.S. Marines in Lima. This action was a protest against the U.S. invasion of Grenada. The attack was part of a series of military actions by the MRTA, which also included the development of …
The MRTA attacked the home of U.S. Marines in Lima with explosives as a protest against the U.S. invasion of Grenada. This was one of the first armed actions against what they considered to be the objectives of U.S. imperialism.
Most newspapers reported that the PCP-SL was announcing a two-year truce by means of white banners in the provinces of Huamanga and La Mar in Ayacucho. This announcement was made on December 21, 1983. However, the attacks both in Lima and in the interior of the country did not cease …
In 1984, the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru (MRTA) emerged amidst a severe economic crisis and increasing violence from the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The MRTA sought to distinguish itself by promoting its armed struggle and recruiting political and military cadres, some of whom left university to join guerrilla fronts. The organization began …
On July 23, 1984, a conflict erupted in Huaycán, Lima, where a group of 5,000 people armed with sticks and stones repelled 4,000 members of the Horacio Zevallos settlement attempting to occupy land. The confrontation was mediated by local leaders, highlighting the tensions between different political factions, including the Communist …
In 1984, the settlement of Huaycán in Lima, Peru, was established following a period of occupation and organization by local residents. The community faced challenges in distributing land due to the area's uneven terrain, leading to disputes among associations. A significant agreement was reached between the Andrés Avelino Cáceres and …
Months before an electoral process, there was a police intervention in several universities in Lima, including the UNE. This event marked the beginning of a new cycle of state repression in the universities of the capital, which was already intensifying in the central highlands. The intervention was part of a …
The AH Juan Pablo II was formed in 1984 during the municipal government of Barrantes (IU), when the Municipal Housing Programs were promoted, such as those of Huaycán, Laderas de Chillón and Arenal de Canto Grande. The settlers populated the settlement in 1985, under the endorsement of the municipality of …
The province of Barranca was created in the midst of the internal armed conflict in 1984, with the incorporation of five districts: Barranca, Paramonga, Pativilca, Supe and Supe Puerto. The province's capital is the city of the same name, which became one of the most important economic centers in the …
In mid-1984, after months of continuous violence that left 135 community members murdered as a result of attacks by the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path, repression by counter-subversive forces and the peasant patrols, Uchuraccay ceased to exist as an inhabited community. The surviving families fled the community, taking …
Throughout 1984, Uchuraccay was repeatedly attacked by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, the military and the peasant patrols of the surrounding communities. These attacks resulted in numerous deaths and the complete abandonment of the town. The survivors fled to the jungle, Tambo, Huanta, Huamanga and Lima. Not only did the State leave …
Alfonso Barrantes Lingán, candidate of Izquierda Unida (IU), became mayor of Lima in January 1984. This was the result of the municipal elections held on November 13, 1983, in which IU won the victory in Lima. Barrantes' inauguration marked an important political milestone, being the first time that the unified …
In 1984, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) intensified its activities across Peru, including systematic efforts to penetrate and influence native communities in the central jungle. Notable incidents included the burning of the Franciscan Mission in Cutivireni and multiple attacks in the Huallaga basin, resulting in numerous …
The I Central Committee of the MRTA was held in Lima. Its analysis of the national political situation concluded that the country was going through a deep political, economic and social crisis provoked by the growing subversive activity of the PCP-SL and the counterinsurgent response. The subversive leadership agreed on …
On New Year's Eve 1984, there was a terrorist attack that left Lima and other cities in the country in darkness as they prepared to welcome the new year. This attack was part of the escalation of violence that characterized the period, in a context where the PCP-Sendero Luminoso intensified …
On January 22, 1984, in Villa El Salvador, Lima, elements of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Civil Guard post. This attack took place in the context of the intensification of subversive actions in Metropolitan Lima during the first stage of the internal armed conflict (1980-1984). The attack was part of …
In January 1984, the MRTA held its first Central Committee meeting in Lima, analyzing the national political crisis and deciding to launch urban guerrilla actions. On January 22, 1984, the MRTA attacked a police station in Villa El Salvador, marking its emergence as a new subversive group. The group aimed …
On March 25, 1984, the Luis de la Puente Uceda guerrilla squad of the MRTA carried out an attack on the residence of the Minister of Economy, Carlos Rodríguez Pastor. This attack took place in a context of growing political violence in the country. The attack was part of the …
On March 27, 1984, a bloody riot took place in the El Sexto prison in Lima. The event resulted in the death of twenty people, including criminals and civilians. This riot was one of the most serious violent events that occurred in the Peruvian prison system during that year, in …
Alleged terrorists machine-gunned the vehicle of the president of the National Jury of Elections (JNE), Domingo García Rada, leaving him seriously wounded. As a consequence of the attack, García Rada's driver was later killed. This attack was part of the PCP-SL's escalation of violence in Lima during 1984, a year …
In the framework of the fifth anniversary of the 'Armed Struggle' (May 18, 1980), elements of the PCP-SL multiplied attacks in Lima and in the northern part of the country on May 16, 1984. This date commemorated the beginning of the internal war that the PCP-SL had initiated in 1980. …
On July 12, 1984, seven police stations in different districts of Lima were attacked simultaneously, marking the beginning of a 'phase of harassment. This event was part of a series of actions by the MRTA to increase their presence in the media and become a significant actor in the internal …
On July 15, 1984, the first invasion of Huaycán was organized as part of the 'Special Program for Urban Development of the Huaycán area', implemented during the municipal administration of Alfonso Barrantes. This invasion was part of the urban expansion process of Metropolitan Lima towards the peripheral cones. The event …
The occupation of Huaycán was a significant event involving the coordinated efforts of various associations in Lima, Peru, to secure housing for the population. On July 15, 1984, 2,000 families from 23 associations, including the prominent Andrés Avelino Cáceres association, occupied the land in Huaycán. This action was marked by …
On July 16, 1984, there was an attack against high tension towers that seriously affected the interconnected electrical system of Lima, Callao, Huancayo and other cities in Peru. This attack was part of an escalation of violence that began throughout the country on June 22, 1984. Parallel to the attack …
On July 23, 1984, three banners with emblems of the so-called MRTA (Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru) were placed in central areas of Lima. This event occurred in the context of an increase in terrorist actions that had begun on June 22, 1984. The act was part of the first public …
On August 13, 1984, a group of community members from Chilcayoc who were on their way to Lima were murdered in Cochayoc, Belen, by members of the Shining Path. The perpetrators apparently came from the community of Belen. This attack was a reprisal by the PCP-SL against the community of …
During September 1984, there was an attack on the U.S. embassy in Lima. The attack was carried out in the context of an escalation of terrorist violence in the Peruvian capital. In addition to the U.S. embassy, U.S. news agencies and a shopping mall were also attacked. This attack was …
On September 14, 1984, an attack was carried out against a delegation of the Peruvian Investigative Police (PIP) in the Lima district of Villa Maria del Triunfo. This attack was part of a wave of terrorist attacks that again affected the capital during that month. The context of this attack …
On September 29, 1984, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso disguised as police officers assassinated a group of peasants in Chilcayoc. This attack took place in a context of growing community opposition to Shining Path actions. Previously, on August 13 of the same year, another group of Chilcayoc community members on …
In October 1984, a judge in Lima declared a Habeas Corpus petition inadmissible for HZQ, who was detained by the Guardia Civil of El Agustino on mere suspicion of a crime against property. This decision was criticized for violating international human rights obligations, as it allowed detentions without a clear …
In October 1984, the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) carried out its first public actions outside Lima, specifically in the city of Huancayo. This event marked the territorial expansion of the MRTA into the central region of the country. The appearance of MRTA in Huancayo contributed to the intensification of …
Thirty-two inmates of the Social Readaptation Center (CRAS) of Lurigancho died in a fire that occurred after a police repression. The event occurred in the context of the internal armed conflict and the growing presence of prisoners accused of terrorism in Lima's prisons. This incident is part of a series …
On October 8, 1984, a group of the MRTA took over the facilities of Radio Comas and spread a commemorative message for the 17th anniversary of Ernesto 'Che' Guevara's death. This action was part of the first MRTA incursions in the Northern Zone of Metropolitan Lima. The event demonstrated the …
Between 1985 and 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered a stage of retreat after the violent state repression in Ayacucho and penetration into other social and geographic spaces. It sought to generate support bases and expand its actions in the central, northeastern and southern Andean regions and in the cities. It …
In 1985, the DIRCOTE (Directorate Against Terrorism) expanded its operational capacity by organizing its forces into seven groups known as Deltas. These groups were tasked with monitoring and countering the activities of the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru (MRTA) and the Partido Comunista del Perú - Sendero Luminoso (PCP-SL) in Lima. …
In 1985, Alan García became the President of Peru, marking the first time the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (PAP) came to power after nearly six decades. His presidency began amidst a challenging economic crisis and an expanding armed conflict, with García aiming to implement a popular and democratic program. Despite …
In 1985, in the context of the Shining Path's expansion into the highland provinces north of Lima, the first assassination of an authority was recorded in Cajatambo. The victim was the deputy mayor of Gorgor. This event took place when the presence of the Shining Path PCP, which had been …
The Juan Pablo II Human Settlement was formed in 1984 during the municipal government of Barrantes (IU), when the Municipal Housing Programs were promoted. In 1985, with the support of the municipality of Lima, the settlement was populated by people from Huancayo, Huancavelica, Ayacucho and Cuzco. The settlement was created …
Beginning in 1985, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) began to infiltrate the strikes called by the CITE (Central de Trabajadores Públicos). This infiltration was part of the Shining Path's strategy to expand its presence in the union and neighborhood movement in Lima, taking advantage of the …
In mid-1985, an organization was formed and developed in the city as part of the Revolutionary Movement for the Defense of the People (MRDP). This organization was created by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of its operational structure in Lima. The MRDP was part of the central apparatus of the …
The assassination of the Deputy Mayor of Gorgor represents the first recorded death of authorities in all the provinces north of Lima considered in the CVR study. This event occurred in the context of the first incursions of a Shining Path column in the high Andean part of Cajatambo, which …
In 1985, in the framework of intelligence operations that the police carried out in the northern part of Lima, specifically in the locality of Rajanya, the police forces killed a Shining Path cadre known as "Puli". This fact shows that the police also had intelligence work in the area to …
The prison massacres occurred in 1985, 1986 and 1992, remaining in the terrible tally of penitentiary history. Approximately 350 inmates were killed, most of them as a result of extrajudicial executions. The State, unable to apply a correct and efficient anti-subversive strategy in the prisons, opted on these occasions for …
According to the testimony of a female witness, in 1985 she was the victim of rape in the district of San Martin de Porres, Lima. The events occurred during her detention in that district. The case is part of a broader pattern of sexual violence against women during the internal …
On January 10, 1985, four subversives assassinated two Republican guards who were guarding a high-voltage tower in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima. This attack was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's strategy of attacking electrical infrastructure and eliminating members of the forces of law and order. The attack …
During the visit of Pope John Paul II to Peru in February 1985, the PCP-SL (Shining Path) caused a power outage in Lima as an act of sabotage. This attack was part of the subversive group's strategy of carrying out actions of high symbolic impact against events of national and …
The MRTA carried out attacks such as the attack on the house of the then Minister of Labor, Joaquín Leguía, and the placing of explosives in the premises of Kentucky Fried Chicken in March 1985 in Lima. These actions accompanied their political proposals in the electoral context.
In March 1985, the Intersectoral Confederation of State Workers (CITE) began an indefinite strike that lasted 22 days. This strike was joined by various sectors including workers of the Corporación Peruana de Aeropuertos y Aviación Comercial S.A., workers of the Ministry of Justice, SUTEP and Social Security, as well as …
On March 20, 1985, members of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) set fire to a Kentucky Fried Chicken store in Lima. This attack was part of a campaign of anti-electoral actions that the MRTA was developing during that period. Most of the attacks during this period were directed against …
On April 24, 1985, during the presidential elections in Peru, a group from the Shining Path (PCP-SL) attempted to assassinate Domingo García Rada, the president of the National Jury of Elections. The attack, which took place in Lima, left García Rada gravely injured and resulted in the death of his …
On April 24, 1985, Domingo García Rada, the President of the National Jury of Elections, was the target of a terrorist attack by members of the subversive group Sendero Luminoso. The attack occurred when his vehicle was intercepted in the district of San Isidro, Lima. As a result of the …
The UN Working Commission on Enforced and Involuntary Disappearances visited Lima in the context of serious allegations of human rights violations in Peru's emergency zones. During this visit, human rights organizations filed complaints with the international commission. This visit came at a critical moment, a few months before Amnesty International …
Seven police posts, located in different districts of Lima, were simultaneously attacked by the MRTA. This action marked the beginning of the MRTA's harassment phase, demonstrating their operational capacity and coordination.
On July 16, 1985, the Working Commission on Involuntary Enforced Disappearances of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights arrived in Lima. This visit took place in a context where Amnesty International had distributed a communiqué in January of that year stating that more than a thousand people had disappeared …
On July 18, 1985, the relatives of the journalists murdered in Uchuraccay formally requested the transfer of jurisdiction of the trial from the Superior Court of Ayacucho to the city of Lima. This request came in the context of an extremely eventful and complex judicial process that had dragged on …
On July 24, 1985, the last hearing of the oral trial against three peasants accused of the massacre of eight journalists in Uchuraccay was held. The oral trial had begun on September 28, 1984 and lasted ten months. The defendants present were Dionisio Morales Pérez, Mariano Ccasani Gonzáles and Simeón …
The relatives of the journalists murdered in Uchuraccay recused all the members of the chamber of the Superior Court of Ayacucho during the judicial process. This recusal occurred after the last hearing of the oral trial held on July 24, 1985. The recusal was part of the multiple irregularities and …
On August 16, 1985, the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) held a clandestine press conference in Lima. During this conference, the MRTA stated that "it will not carry out military actions against the APRA, as long as the latter does not attack the people". This statement was made in the …
Antonio Palomino was removed from his position as head of the National Penitentiary Institute (INPE) for stating that the PCP-SL detainees were political prisoners. This statement generated controversy in the political context of the time. Even Alfonso Barrantes Lingán, mayor of Lima and leader of Izquierda Unida, stated the next …
Alfonso Barrantes Lingán, candidate of Izquierda Unida (IU) and mayor of Lima, made public statements indicating that there were no political prisoners in Peru. This statement was made in the context of a national debate on a possible amnesty for those accused of terrorism, a proposal that had been supported …
On September 12, 1985, the request of the relatives of the journalists murdered in Uchuraccay to transfer the judicial process to Lima was declared well-founded. This decision was made after the relatives requested the transfer of jurisdiction on July 18, 1985 and challenged all the members of the chamber of …
On November 4, 1985, members of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) took over the offices of the newspaper El Nacional in Lima. The action lasted more than half an hour, during which MRTA members occupied the newspaper's premises. This action was part of the MRTA's activities during 1985, a …
More than ten thousand people mobilized through the center of Lima in the great march for Life and Peace, organized by the National Human Rights Coordinating Committee. Under the slogan 'The Fifth: Do not kill', numerous Christian groups from various parishes of Lima, lay apostolic movements, populous districts of Lima, …
On November 25, 1985, the Eighth Correctional Court of Lima was designated to take over the continuation of the judicial process for the Uchuraccay massacre. This transfer took place after the request of the journalists' relatives to transfer the trial from Ayacucho to Lima was declared well-founded on September 12, …
In the late afternoon of December 23, 1985, a commando of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) occupied the Scala Gigante store located in the district of Breña, Lima. The MRTA members immobilized the store's guards and employees. Using the store's loudspeakers, they urged the large public present to loot, …
In 1986, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) expanded its operations across the Peruvian highlands, challenging the newly elected government of Alan García. Despite initial hopes for a change in counter-subversive policies, the PCP-SL, led by Abimael Guzmán, sought to delegitimize the APRA government by inciting violent …
In 1986, the Peruvian government declared a state of emergency in Lima and El Callao, leading to the designation of the San Juan Bautista Prison as a restricted military zone. During this period, Nolberto Durand Ugarte and Gabriel Pablo Ugarte Rivera were among those affected by the suppression of prison …
In 1986, the Peruvian government declared a state of emergency and imposed a curfew in Lima Metropolitan area due to the increasing violence from the PCP-SL and MRTA. The military was tasked with maintaining internal order during the suspension of constitutional guarantees. This marked a shift in government priorities towards …
In 1986, the Peruvian government, led by the PAP, violently repressed riots in three prisons in Lima. This decision, criticized by the CVR, resulted in a high number of deaths and indications of extrajudicial executions. The incident marked a turning point in the government's approach to handling subversion and human …
In 1986, Alfonso Barrantes, a prominent leftist political figure and former Mayor of Lima, called for a 'grand national agreement' to address the ongoing violence and subversion in Peru. This call came amidst internal divisions within the leftist coalition IU, which was grappling with the challenge of balancing radical and …
A respondent was arrested at her home in Lima in 1986. During her detention she was the victim of sexual violence by State agents. The testimony is part of the documented cases of systematic sexual violence against women detained during the internal armed conflict. The affiant was subsequently transferred to …
In 1986, in Curgos, district of Huamachuco, 12 hikers were surprised while resting in the house of Carmen Sandoval Loayza. During the attack, three hikers were killed in the confrontation. Carmen Sandoval's daughter was killed in the archway at the entrance to the town and another hiker was killed nearby. …
Socorro Popular (called SoPo in PCP-SL documents) was an organization of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path that had a very complex structure. After its militarization in 1986, it came to displace the Metropolitan Committee in importance, managing to expand without ceasing to fulfill its initial functions in …
During the riot at the Frontón Prison in 1986, a debellation operation (riot suppression) took place, resulting in fatalities among law enforcement officers. Three members of the Peruvian Navy died during the operations to control the riot. This event is part of the context of the internal armed conflict in …
In 1986, a violent incident occurred at the Penal del Frontón in Lima, Peru, where members of the Peruvian Navy were involved in quelling a prison uprising. This event resulted in the deaths of three naval personnel. The incident was part of a larger context of internal armed conflict in …
Peruvian Army Health Lieutenant Colonel José Farro was killed in the district of Comas. Twenty-one dynamite cartridges were found in his vehicle. This assassination was part of the series of selective annihilations that the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out against members of the armed forces in Lima during 1986.
During the State of Emergency in Lima and Callao, a Habeas Corpus was filed in favor of WMG against the arbitrary detention by the police. The case was resolved by Judge César San Martín Castro, who emphasized the principle of reasonableness to protect the personal liberty of the citizen. This …
The government decreed a state of emergency and a curfew for sixty days in the provinces of Lima and Callao. These measures were taken after a series of terrorist attacks in the capital city. When referring to these attacks, President Alan Garcia Perez suggested the participation of new subversive groups …
On February 7, 1986, the President of the Republic, Alan Garcia, announced in a message to the nation the "restructuring and resizing of the associative enterprises". This announcement came a little more than a month after nearly 4,000 peasants from the districts of Santa Rosa and Macarí peacefully initiated the …
Between February 9 and 14, 1986, the MRTA held its III Central Committee in Lima in order to evaluate the fulfillment of its goals and objectives during 1985. The members of the National Executive Committee, the Central Committee and those in charge of the various political and military structures of …
During March 1986, five private schools were targets of terrorist attacks that caused serious material damage. The schools affected were Inmaculada, Pedagógico, León Pinelo, Markham and Maristas del Callao. These attacks occurred in the context of a state of emergency and curfew which had been extended for sixty days in …
Avelino Zamora, a member of the Republican Guard, was killed as part of the selective annihilations that the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out against members of the forces of law and order in Lima during 1986.
Air Force Captain Jorge Alzamora was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of their strategy of selective annihilations against members of the armed forces in Lima.
In mid-April 1986, the Eighth Correctional Court of Lima became a Special Court dedicated exclusively to the Uchuraccay case. This tribunal was presided over by a doctor whose name is not fully specified in the excerpt. The Special Tribunal was constituted after the trial was transferred from Ayacucho to Lima …
Alberto Burgos, an agent of the Peruvian Investigative Police who worked in the Directorate against Terrorism (DIRCOTE), was killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of its campaign of selective annihilations against members of the forces of law and order.
On April 21, 1986, a car loaded with explosives detonated against the residence of the U.S. ambassador in Lima. The Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) claimed responsibility for the attack. The subversive group linked this act to the recent U.S. attack on Libya, establishing an international political connection with its …
A car loaded with explosives detonated at the residence of the U.S. ambassador in Lima. This attack was part of a series of violent actions that intensified during that period in the Peruvian capital. The event is registered in the 1986 summary of the CVR Report as one of the …
In solidarity with Libya, which had been bombed by the United States, MRTA placed a car bomb at the residence of the U.S. ambassador in Lima.
Members of the Civil Guard Edgar Vizcarra and Gilberto Aspajo were killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso on their way to work. This double murder was part of the strategy of selective annihilations against the forces of law and order.
A female witness was detained by the police in May 1986 in Lima. During her detention she was subjected to interrogation and torture. The events occurred in the context of anti-subversive operations carried out by the forces of law and order during the internal armed conflict. The affiant suffered various …
In May 1986, a witness was detained by the police in the district of Maranga, Lima. This event is part of a series of human rights violations reported in various police stations across Peru during the 1980s and 1990s. The reports highlight the widespread nature of detentions and abuses during …
During the oral trial of the Uchuraccay case transferred to Lima, hearings were held between May and December 1986 in which members of the mixed patrol that arrived in Uchuraccay after the murder of the journalists on January 26, 1983 testified. The trial took place before the Special Tribunal that …
Rear Admiral Carlos Alberto Ponce Canessa was assassinated on May 5, 1986, in Lima, Peru. His murder was a significant event that shocked the nation, highlighting the violent climate of the time. Ponce Canessa was a highly respected naval officer with a distinguished career, known for his moral and professional …
Members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated Rear Admiral Carlos Ponce Canessa as he was leaving his home in Jr. Jiménez Pacheco No. 157. The hikers, made up of three men and two women from the special detachment, had been following the victim closely. They shot him with a machine gun …
Carlos Ponce Canessa, a distinguished officer of the Peruvian Navy, was assassinated by members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso on 5 May 1986 in the district of Magdalena, Lima. This event was part of a series of selective assassinations initiated by the PCP-SL in 1986, targeting political, military, police, and civilian …
On May 5, 1986, Aida Lucía Mendoza Mateo was allegedly shot during a robbery attempt while practicing journalism in El Agustino, Lima. However, her account of the incident changed during police interrogation, revealing a possible connection to the Communist Party of Peru. She claimed to have been shot during a …
On May 21, 1986, prisoners from the Santa Bárbara, San Juan Bautista, and San Pedro (Lurigancho) penitentiaries filed an action of amparo against several high-ranking officials, including the Minister of the Navy and the Minister of Justice. This legal action was part of a broader investigation into the events that …
A respondent was detained in the district of San Miguel on May 26, 1986. During her detention she was the victim of sexual violence by State agents. The victim attempted to report the rape to the medico-legal authorities, but faced obstacles to formally registering the incident. The case illustrates the …
In June 1986, synchronized riots occurred in the prisons of Lurigancho, El Frontón, and Santa Bárbara in Lima, Peru, involving inmates accused of terrorism. The riots culminated in a violent intervention by the authorities, resulting in a significant number of inmate deaths. These events were part of a broader strategy …
In June 1986, a violent incident occurred in the prisons of Lima and Callao, Peru, resulting in the deaths of numerous inmates. This event was condemned by religious figures and organizations, who highlighted it as a symptom of the deep moral crisis affecting the country. The violence was attributed to …
In 1986 there was a prisoner riot in Lima prisons that resulted in multiple deaths. The report specifically mentions that five people from the Chungui area died during this riot. This event occurred in the context of the Peruvian internal armed conflict, when many accused of belonging to the PCP-Sendero …
The massacre in the prisons marked the beginning of the stage of national deployment of violence. This event was a culminating point that considerably marked all the actors in the conflict and brought to Lima images of massacres that had been far away until then. In practical terms, with this …
In June 1986, a massacre occurred in the prisons of Lima, marking a significant turning point in the armed conflict in Peru. This event undermined the possibility of a counter-subversive strategy that respected human rights, as promised by President Alan García. The massacre aligned with the strategy of the Communist …
A subversive commando set fire to one of the rooms of the Police Casino in downtown Lima. When they were leaving, they clashed with police officers, killing one of them.
Senator Javier Diez Canseco of the Partido Unificado Mariateguista (PUM) publicly stated that the position of the anti-terrorist front belonged to Alfonso Barrantes but not to Izquierda Unida (IU). This statement came in the context of a debate on the formation of a common front against terrorism. Shortly before, the …
On June 16, 1986, the XVIII Conference of the Socialist International Women began in Lima. This international event took place in a context of high political and social tension in Peru, just two days before the riot in the prisons of Lima and Callao (June 18). The conference took place …
On June 18, 1986, prisoners accused of belonging to the PCP-SL rioted and took some hostages in three prisons in Lima: Santa Barbara (women's prison), Lurigancho and El Frontón, trying to avoid being transferred to Miguel Castro Castro prison. The government delegated to the forces of law and order the …
On June 18-19, militants of the PCP-SL rioted in three prisons: El Frontón, Lurigancho, and Santa Mónica. The riots coincided with the International Socialist Congress in Lima, drawing media attention. The Peruvian government, led by President García, ordered the military to suppress the riots, resulting in 244 deaths.
On June 18, 1986, prisoners accused of belonging to the PCP-SL rioted and took hostages in three Lima prisons: Santa Bárbara, Lurigancho, and El Frontón. The government responded by deploying security forces to restore order, resulting in the deaths of 244 people. The incident drew criticism from the IU, which …
On June 18, 1986, detainees held for terrorism in three prisons in Lima and Callao (Lurigancho, El Frontón and Santa Bárbara) rioted. In Santa Barbara two subversives died on June 19. The government ordered the Joint Command to have the military justice system carry out the necessary investigations to determine …
On June 18 and 19, 1986, a massacre took place in the prisons of Lima and Callao. This event occurred in the context of riots and tensions in the prisons where prisoners accused of terrorism were being held. The incident is mentioned as one of the most significant events of …
On June 18 and 19, 1986, there was a riot of subversive prisoners in three prisons in Lima: CRAS Lurigancho (124 dead), CRAS El Frontón (more than 100 dead), and CRAS Santa Bárbara (3 inmates dead). This event was the largest collective massacre in the history of Peru up to …
Between June 18 and 19, 1986 there were simultaneous riots in three prisons: CRAS Lurigancho, CRAS El Frontón in Callao, and CRAS Santa Bárbara. The riot in Lurigancho was broken up by members of the Navy and the Republican Guard, resulting in 124 inmates dead. In the Frontón prison approximately …
Between June 18 and 19, 1986, there were simultaneous riots in three penitentiaries in Lima. In CRAS Lurigancho, 124 inmates died after repression by members of the Navy and the Republican Guard. In CRAS El Frontón, located in Callao, approximately 150 inmates died. In CRAS Santa Barbara 3 female inmates …
On June 18 and 19, 1986 there were simultaneous riots organized by the PCP-SL in three prisons in Lima and Callao. Law enforcement forces intervened with extreme violence resulting in the death of 244 inmates executed: 118 in El Frontón, 124 in Lurigancho and 2 in Santa Bárbara. The riots …
On June 18 and 19, 1986, there was a massacre of prisoners in Lima's prisons. This event had great media impact and was widely covered by Caretas magazine and other media. The magnitude of the violence and the circumstances of the events marked a breaking point in the relationship between …
There was a massacre of prisoners in the jails of Lima and Callao, where hundreds of human beings died. The bishops of Peru pronounced themselves against violence 'wherever it came from'. They pointed out that they could not accept the method of terror as a means to achieve change, but …
PCP-SL militants rioted in three prisons: El Frontón, Lurigancho and Santa Mónica, taking advantage of the media coverage of the Socialist International congress taking place in Lima. Garcia's government commissioned the Armed Forces to put an end to the riot with a death toll of 244 people. Almost immediately, pro-guerrilla …
On June 18, 1986, the President of Peru convened an extraordinary session of the Council of Ministers in response to unrest in the country's prisons. The unrest was triggered by the suspension of family visits due to a planned strike by the National Penitentiary Institute workers. The government decided that …
In 1986, a series of prison riots occurred in Lima, Peru, involving militants of Sendero Luminoso who were detained in various penal establishments. On June 18, 1986, riots erupted in three prisons, including the notorious El Frontón, where inmates had taken hostages. The Peruvian government, under the advice of the …
The massacre of the prisons left a considerable mark on all the actors in the conflict and brought to Lima images of massacres that had been far away until then. In practical terms, with this massacre and the way it was handled, the Aprista government's attempts to develop its own …
There was a massacre of prisoners accused or sentenced for terrorism in Lima's prisons. After this event, the demand for truth and justice was explicitly raised by a broad coalition of civil society organizations united around the nascent National Human Rights Coordinating Committee. These organizations demanded a comprehensive and clear …
On June 18, 1986, detainees held for terrorism in three prisons in Lima and Callao (Lurigancho, El Frontón and Santa Bárbara) rioted. In Santa Barbara prison, two subversives died on June 19. The government ordered the Joint Command to have the military justice system carry out the necessary investigations to …
The XVII International Socialist Congress was held in Lima on June 20, 1986. This international event took place a few days after the start of the XVIII Conference of the Socialist International Women, which had begun on June 16 in the same city. The congress took place in a very …
On June 21, 1986, members of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) attacked the offices of the transnational oil company OXY. The attack resulted in the destruction of the company's facilities. This attack occurred in a context of intense subversive activity, coinciding with the riots in the Lima and Callao …
During a period of intense political violence that coincided with prison riots in Lima and Callao, twenty peasants were murdered in the province of La Convención, Cuzco. This event occurred between June 22 and 28, 1986, in the context of an escalation of subversive violence in the country. The event …
President Alan Garcia Perez addressed a message to the country on June 24, 1986, four days after the riot of terrorist detainees in three prisons in Lima and Callao (Lurigancho, El Fronton and Santa Barbara) occurred on June 18. In his message, the president condemned terrorism and reiterated his support …
On June 25, 1986, there was a terrorist attack on a train car on its way to Machu Picchu. The attack resulted in the death of 8 passengers and left forty people injured. This attack occurred in a context of intense political violence in Peru, during the same month as …
President Alan Garcia Perez made a public statement demanding sanctions for those responsible for the events that occurred in the Lima and Callao prisons during the riot of June 18, 1986. In his message, the President used a strong phrase: "Either all those responsible leave or I leave", expressing his …
On June 27, 1986, there were simultaneous attacks against eleven bank branches and three premises of the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP) in Lima. These attacks occurred in a context of high political tension, a few days after the serious events in the prisons of Lima and Callao (June 18-19), where …
In July 1986, individuals were detained by the Peruvian Army and subjected to severe torture, including electric shocks, at various locations including Tarma and the DINCOTE in Lima. Victims reported being stripped, beaten, and subjected to electric shocks on sensitive body parts, leading to severe physical and psychological trauma. These …
Navy non-commissioned officer Juan Asto was killed in Comas by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of their campaign of selective annihilations against members of the armed forces in Lima during 1986.
The ministerial cabinet as a whole resigned on July 14, 1986, after the serious events that took place in the prisons of Lima and Callao in June of the same year. The National Directive Committee of the IU had proposed the resignation of the cabinet considering the political responsibility for …
On July 27, 1986, the lieutenant governor of Cuzco, Hermógenes Huellca, was assassinated by the PCP-SL. This assassination was part of a campaign of direct aggression against local authorities that the PCP-SL was carrying out in the region. The crime occurred in a context of increased attacks by the PCP-SL, …
In the first days of August 1986, the city of Cuzco suffered a series of attacks, apparently in response to the prison massacre that took place in Lima in June of that year. These attacks demonstrate the national coordination of the PCP-SL and its capacity to respond to State actions.
The MRTA National Directorate held a second press conference in Lima. Víctor Polay Campos, hooded, in his capacity as Secretary General, announced to the assembled journalists the end of the suspension of political-military actions against the APRA government. The reasons given included the inconsistency in the payment of the foreign …
On August 7, 1986, the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) held its second clandestine press conference. This event took place in a context of intense subversive activity and state repression, just two months after the tragic events in the Lima and Callao prisons in June 1986. The conference was part …
General EP Clemente Noel Moral, former head of the Political Military Command of the Ayacucho emergency zone, arrives in Lima from Washington. In the U.S. capital he served as military attaché. His arrival takes place in a context of an extended state of emergency in Lima and debates in Congress …
Republican Guard Eduardo Bonilla Ramos was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of a series of selective annihilations against members of the forces of law and order in Lima during 1986.
With the presence of dignitaries of the Catholic Church from Latin America, Europe, Africa and Asia, the First International Theological Congress was held in Chimbote. The event brought together Catholic representatives from different continents during the month of September 1986. This congress took place in a context of political violence …
On September 3, 1986, Ana Cecilia Díaz Alzola and Miguel Angel Ascencio Ayala were charged with terrorism by the 32º Fiscalía Provincial in Lima. The charges were based on a photograph allegedly found at the scene of a terrorist attack, although no additional evidence was provided by the prosecutor. Ana …
In October 1986, a Shining Path commando mortally wounded Vice Admiral Geronimo Cafferata, former Commander General of the Navy. This assassination was part of the PCP-SL's campaign of selective annihilations against authorities and government officials.
MRTA commemorated another anniversary of the rebellion of Jose Gabriel Condorcanqui (Tupac Amaru II), which occurred on November 4, 1780. In Lima, MRTA carried out a series of coordinated attacks. Other attacks in the provinces, specifically in Cuzco and Chiclayo, are also attributed to the MRTA. This action was part …
On November 9, 1986, municipal elections were held in which the IU participated with Alfonso Barrantes as candidate for reelection as Mayor of Lima. Jorge del Castillo, candidate of the PAP, carried out an intense electoral campaign which, with the evident support of the President, allowed him to win by …
On November 9, municipal elections were held throughout the country. President Alan Garcia Perez described the IU as the 'second majority'. The official results in Lima were: Jorge del Castillo Gálvez (PAP) obtained 37.6%, Alfonso Barrantes Lingán (IU) obtained 34.8%, and Luis Bedoya Reyes (PPC) obtained 26.9%. However, the official …
The municipal elections in Peru took place on November 9, 1986, under the presidency of Alan García Pérez. The elections were marked by political tension, including a curfew and protests. Jorge del Castillo Gálvez, representing the PAP, claimed a narrow victory in Lima, but the official proclamation of results was …
In January 1987, a series of terrorist attacks caused widespread alarm in Lima, Peru. The attacks targeted various locations, including the offices of the Partido Aprista Peruano (PAP), coinciding with the inauguration of Jorge Del Castillo as the mayor of Lima. The violence culminated in the assassination of César López …
In 1987, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) implemented a strategic shift in their revolutionary tactics, focusing on encircling urban areas from the countryside. This strategy was part of the 'Pensamiento Gonzalo' and involved creating revolutionary support bases and organizing armed strikes in cities, particularly targeting Lima. …
In 1987, a significant student protest took place in Peru, where students marched from Chosica to Lima to oppose the elimination of the 'medio pasaje' (half fare) for students. The protest was met with police repression, and many students suffered injuries. This event marked one of the first major mobilizations …
In 1987, a group of subversives formed an army in San Martín, Peru, composed of militants from MIR-VR and MRTA. They trained in the Pongo de Caynarachi-Shanusi area and launched the 'Tupac Amaru Vive' military campaign on October 8, with incursions into several towns including Tabalosos, Macedas, Soritor, Juanjuí, San …
In 1987, the MRTA (Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement) increased its activities in Lima, leading to a crackdown by the police. On August 7, Alberto Gálvez Olaechea, a member of the MRTA's National Executive Committee, was arrested. Later, on October 23, Lucero Cumpa Miranda, a key figure in the MRTA, was …
In 1987, a failed attack on the Diario Marka newspaper in Lima, Peru, was investigated by opposition parliamentarians and the press. The incident involved Jesús Miguel Ríos Sáenz, who was injured, and two deceased individuals, Adolfo Humberto Usquiano Barandiarán and Richard Rodolfo Briceño Vásquez. The Commission of Truth and Reconciliation …
In 1987, the Pilot Plan of the Revolutionary Movement for the Defense of the People (MRDP), an organization created by the PCP-SL, began to take shape. This plan had as its objective the construction of revolutionary support bases in the city of Lima, as well as the organization of armed …
Robinsón Silva Mori was a university student who was killed by police forces in Huaura province in 1987. He was accused of terrorism in the context of the internal armed conflict. This murder occurred during the period when the security forces were conducting intelligence operations in the area north of …
In 1987, there was an attack by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the police post in the district of Gorgor, in the province of Cajatambo. The attack resulted in two fatalities, policemen Medina and Davila. This attack was part of the expansion of the operations of the PCP-SL's main force bases …
Between January and April 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began a campaign of sabotage against factories in Lima, marking the beginning of a new phase in its urban strategy. These first sabotages were claimed by El Diario, a press organ linked to the PCP-SL, pointing them out as the beginning of …
In January 1987, the commanders of the East Zonal Committee of the PCP-SL coordinated the assault on the Nylon Factory. This zonal committee was considered of great importance for concentrating the proletariat in Ate Vitarte and for establishing the 'Shining Trench of Combat' of the Canto Grande prison. The assault …
Jorge del Castillo Gálvez is sworn in as the first Aprista mayor of Lima. This was a historic milestone for the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP), which for the first time became mayor of the Peruvian capital. Del Castillo had won the municipal elections held on November 9, 1986, obtaining 37.6% …
Assassination of Rodrigo Franco, leader of the government party, perpetrated by Sendero Luminoso seeking to obstruct the consolidation of the bureaucratic model of Aprista fascism. This was the first of the attacks directed against leaders of the governing party in Lima.
In 1987 the great march of sacrifice from La Cantuta to Lima took place, with the participation of between 3000 and 4000 students, led by the university authorities including Milcíades Hidalgo. During the march, the PCP-SL appropriated all the slogans, changing slogans such as 'combat, resist, popular slogan' to 'combat, …
Between 1987 and 1988, a collective psychosis took hold in the popular neighborhoods of Ayacucho, presenting the Shining Path guerrillas as monstrous pishtacos, with semi-human forms, dedicated to extracting the vital organs of their victims. This phenomenon responded to the serious alteration of Andean cultural patterns in the context of …
A woman murdered two republican guards at the door of the Hipólito Unanue hospital while they were buying fruit. This was one of the multiple terrorist attacks that occurred with greater frequency in the city of Lima during 1987, in a context where the police career had become too risky …
Fourteen members of the PCP-SL attacked the Indian Embassy and killed three civilian guards, including an ensign outside the Embassy. This attack was part of the escalation of terrorist violence in Lima during 1987, when attacks were occurring with greater frequency and recklessness.
César López Silva, national leader of the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP), was assassinated in front of his home on January 30, 1987. This assassination took place in the context of an escalation of political violence in Metropolitan Lima, where the PCP-Sendero Luminoso intensified its actions against political leaders and civil …
César López Silva, a prominent political leader and President of the Federación Médica del Perú, was assassinated by members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Lima on January 30, 1987. López Silva was a member of the Partido Aprista Peruano and held significant influence as a charismatic leader with a promising …
A commando made up of 15 members of the MRTA assaulted the Cromotes textile factory located at kilometer 3 of the central highway in Ate Vitarte. During the attack, the subversives destroyed several administrative offices and part of the plant's warehouses. This assault was part of the armed actions that …
On February 13, 1987, during the state of emergency and in the middle of the curfew imposed in Lima, around four thousand policemen entered the university residences of three state universities in Lima: San Marcos, Engineering and La Cantuta, in the early hours of the morning. The Minister of the …
On February 13, 1987, three universities in Lima were raided by combined police forces in search of terrorists. This operation was part of law enforcement actions in the context of the internal armed conflict and growing subversive activity in the capital. The raid was carried out in a period of …
On February 13, 1987, approximately four thousand police officers entered the university residences of three state universities in Lima during a state of emergency and curfew. The operation aimed to verify the existence of subversive groups within the universities, resulting in the detention of 793 students. The raids caused significant …
The residents of Huaycán carried out a massive mobilization to the Plaza San Martín in Lima to demand that the authorities fulfill the community's demands. The mobilization had a double message: reject the PCP-SL and the APRA veto. During the march, the PCP-SL attempted acts of violence and the leaders …
On February 19, 1987 a fire broke out at the Las Palmas Air Base. The CVR report mentions this event very briefly, noting that the origin of the fire has not been explained. This incident occurred in a context of intense political violence, just one day before a car bomb …
On February 20, 1987, a car bomb exploded three or four blocks from a rally presided over by President Alan Garcia Perez in Lima. This attack was part of a series of terrorist attacks that took place during those days. On February 19 there had been a fire at the …
At least eight explosions rocked several parts of Lima on February 21, 1987. This attack was part of a series of terrorist attacks that took place during those days. On February 20, a car bomb exploded three or four blocks from a rally presided over by Alan Garcia Perez. On …
On February 22, 1987, a car bomb exploded in Trujillo two hundred meters from the Plaza de Armas. The attack occurred moments before the arrival of the President of the Republic Alan Garcia Perez to the area. This attack was part of a series of terrorist attacks that took place …
On February 23, 1987, an attempt was made to assassinate National Prosecutor César Elejalde Estenssoro. This attack occurred in the context of a series of terrorist attacks that took place during those days in the country. Days before, on February 20, a car bomb had exploded near a rally presided …
On 5 April 1987, an individual was detained in Lima by members of the DINCOTE. This event is part of a series of detentions that occurred in various districts of Lima and Ayacucho during the late 1980s and early 1990s. These detentions were often associated with the political and social …
A female policewoman was shot with a machine gun while she was controlling traffic between the intersection of Alfonso Ugarte and Jiron Zorritos. This murder was part of the series of terrorist attacks that intensified in Lima during 1987, where many policemen were killed at close range in different areas …
On April 9, 1987, seditionists disguised as schoolchildren murdered six people at the El Piano restaurant, located near the Armored Division of the Peruvian Army in Lima's Rimac district. This attack was part of a series of violent actions that took place during that month of April. The attack was …
On May 4, 1987, one of the most spectacular and synchronized terrorist acts in Peru up to that time took place. During a widespread blackout in Lima, at least 15 detonations were registered simultaneously, mainly affecting bank branches in different parts of the capital. This coordinated attack demonstrated the operational …
Cesar Lopez Silva, national leader of APRA, was assassinated by militants of the Shining Path PCP when he was on his way home. The perpetrators, identified as 'Clara', 'Marcio' (Damian Huallpa Mollehuanca), 'Andres' (Carlos Hidalgo Marchan) and 'Rodolfo', intercepted him and shot him three times in the head. The attack …
On May 23, 1987, the Peruvian government extended for sixty days the state of emergency in the provinces of Lima and Callao. This measure was taken in the context of a series of terrorist attacks that had been affecting the capital and the port of Callao. The state of emergency …
In the CENECAMP meeting room in Lima, a group of managers and workers from associative companies met with the Vice-Minister of Agriculture. The business representatives presented their views on the land takeovers, arguing that they were causing the destruction of the Puna cattle industry. They denounced the superficiality of the …
On the night of July 16, 1987, terror struck the city of Lima with a long blackout during which there were many dynamite attacks. There was a car bomb in the populous area of the Plaza de Acho. This event marked the arrival of Shining Path terror in the country's …
In September 1987, a public statement was issued deploring and condemning the assassination of Rodrigo Franco in Lima. This event was part of a broader context of violence and unrest in Peru during the late 1980s, where various groups, including religious organizations, were vocal in their opposition to violence and …
In August, the MRTA held its II Central Committee meeting, where leaders confirmed a shift towards increased militarization amidst the polarized Peruvian society. By September 1987, the MRTA initiated a campaign of kidnappings in Lima, targeting prominent businessmen to finance their operations. This marked a significant escalation in their tactics, …
A car bomb exploded near the offices of El Diario, a press organ linked to the PCP-SL. The vehicle exploded prematurely by mistake, killing the two individuals who were going to carry out the attack. The incident occurred in October 1987 in Lima.
Nelson Pozo Calva, undersecretary of organization of the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP), was assassinated on October 1, 1987. This assassination took place in the context of a series of selective attacks against APRA political leaders in Metropolitan Lima. The crime was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's strategy of eliminating political …
About six thousand people, coming from all the Vicariates of the Archdiocese of Lima, and a delegation from Callao, gathered for the 6th Day of Fasting and Prayer for Peace in Peru, which culminated with a march for peace led by Bishops Augusto Beuzeville and Javier Ariz.
Lucero Cumpa Miranda, responsible for metropolitan work and member of the MRTA Central Committee, was captured. The capture of Cumpa and other militants dealt a serious blow to the MRTA and practically dismantled its organization in many areas of Lima.
In November 1987, a civil court judge ordered the eviction of a small apartment in Zárate, Lima, leading to the discovery of ten boxes of documents belonging to Yovanka Pardavé Trujillo, a leader of the PCP-SL. These documents included plans and sketches of attacks against authorities and police. The information …
In early November, a column of seventy members of the MRTA (Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement) took control of several towns in the San Martín department of Peru, including Juanjui, San José de Sisa, Shatoja, and San Martín de Alao. The events were captured by Lima television cameras, which also interviewed …
On December 1, 1987, the commission investigating the case of the prisons presented its report, signed by six members, pointing out the President of the Republic, the Alva Castro ministerial cabinet and the Joint Command of the Armed Forces as politically responsible for the massacre of the prisons that took …
In December 1987, a Civic Day for Peace and Life was called, with the participation of a wide variety of institutions, authorities and political parties. This day was held in the context of the increase of political violence in Lima and the country, seeking to create a common front against …
In 1988, Abimael Guzmán gave the so-called 'Interview of the Century', in which he announced the siege of the city of Lima as part of the strategic balance of the PCP-SL. This interview marked a turning point in the subversive strategy, indicating the intention of turning Metropolitan Lima into the …
Capture of Osmán Morote, Shining Path leader, by DIRCOTE. This was one of the achievements of the specialized police intelligence and investigation work carried out mainly in Lima and other cities during the APRA government.
In 1988, detainees in Lima, Peru, were subjected to severe human rights violations, including torture and inhumane treatment, during interrogations by state forces. These interrogations often occurred in unofficial detention settings without legal oversight, where victims were coerced into providing information or confessions. Even during official detentions, where legal representatives …
By law in 1988, the former province of Chancay changed its name to Huaura. The province has 12 districts and after Lima, it is the most populated province in the department, with a sustained population growth that went from 112,694 inhabitants in 1972 to 164,704 inhabitants in 1993. The two …
The First Party Congress of the PCP-SL was held clandestinely during three sessions in a military residential area in Monterrico Norte. The Congress was held in the building where the Department of Organizational Support (DAO) functioned, in charge of lawyer Elvia Nila Zanabria Pacheco, who was a member of the …
In 1988, a special group was formed in Lima, Peru, to analyze documentation related to the PCP-SL. This group, initially working under the guise of a legal advisory team, was tasked with processing secret information, including telephone interceptions. The efforts of this group laid the foundation for the Special Intelligence …
In 1988, the municipality of Lima, under the administration of Mayor Jorge del Castillo (APRA), called for a Day for Peace. This initiative took place within the framework of the solemn session held at the Lima Provincial Council. During the event, the mayor proposed to institute 1988 as the Year …
Osman Morote, a member of the Central Committee of the PCP-SL, was captured in Lima in 1988. His capture occurred shortly before a meeting convened by the national leadership of the organization. Morote was known to have been active in regions like Huamachuco, where he posed as a traveling merchant.
In 1988, Lima experienced significant political unrest and violence despite efforts to promote peace. On January 28, 1988, a group of 40 Sendero Luminoso members clashed with demonstrators in Plaza Dos de Mayo during a national strike, targeting Senator Jorge del Prado. The violence persisted, with increased tensions during Pope …
In 1988, in the town of Colca, Raquia district, Cajatambo province, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso executed two people accused of cattle rustling. This type of killing of people considered 'undesirable' or 'antisocial behavior' was part of the Shining Path's strategy to establish its presence in rural communities through acts of 'popular …
Abraham Victorio Herrera, known as 'Trucha', was executed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the locality of Tuntur-Tocanca, in the province of Cajatambo. This assassination occurred in the context of the expansion of the PCP-SL's main force base operations in the highlands north of Lima. The increase in violence in 1988 …
The CGTP (left) and the CTP (aprista) held a joint meeting and called a national strike for January 28, 1988. The strike was not fully observed in Lima. During the national strike rally in Plaza 2 de Mayo, a confrontation took place between PCP-SL militants and CGTP and IU demonstrators. …
During the meeting of the national strike called jointly by the CGTP (left) and the CTP (aprista) on January 28, 1988, a violent confrontation took place between militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and demonstrators of the CGTP and Izquierda Unida in Lima's Plaza 2 de Mayo. This national strike had …
During a national strike called by the CGTP, a group of approximately 40 hikers violently confronted demonstrators in the middle of Plaza Dos de Mayo. The objective of the attack was to attack Jorge del Prado, senator and leader of the United Left. This confrontation occurred in the context of …
The first session of the First Congress of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) was held between February and March 1988. This event represented an important organizational milestone for the subversive organization. Subsequently, in July-August 1988 the second session of the same congress was held, and in …
The Shining Path held its first party congress in three parts. During this congress it was defined as a new objective of its people's war plan that the strategic balance should shake the whole country, proposing to accentuate its offensive in urban areas, mainly in Lima. Between sessions, an interview …
In March 1988, when the COPE union was preparing to discuss its list of demands, a woman murdered the company's industrial relations manager. This murder occurred in the context of a labor dispute at the factory, located on the Central Highway in Lima. Subsequently, in April 1988, the workers led …
On April 11, 1988, businessman Brancko Pejnovil Baigm, owner of the Hilados S.A. textile factory, was assassinated in Lima. This assassination was part of the selective annihilation strategy implemented by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso during the transition period towards the "encirclement of the city". The attack is part of the context …
A supposed column of PCP-SL members gathered the authorities of Andajes in the Plaza de Armas and subjected them to a popular trial. After this procedure, the authorities were shot to death. The event occurred in the district of Andajes, located in the province of Oyón, department of Lima. This …
On the day of John Paul II's arrival in Lima, the MRTA placed a banner at the Hipolito Unanue hospital and relatives of MRTA prisoners took over several churches. This action sought to draw attention to the situation of the MRTA prisoners during the Pope's visit, using the media coverage …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso summoned some 100 delegates from various trade union bases from the eastern cone of Lima to participate in the so-called First Plenary of Classist Workers of the Central Highway. At this event, the Comité de Lucha de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas de la carretera Central (CLOTCCC) was …
In May 1988, Pope John Paul II made his second visit to Lima. On the occasion of this papal visit, there was a significant increase in violence in the Peruvian capital. Shortly before the arrival of the pontiff, security forces defused a car bomb that had been placed near Air …
In May 1988, on the occasion of Pope John Paul II's second visit to Lima, there was an increase in violence in the Peruvian capital. Shortly before the papal visit, security forces managed to defuse a car bomb that had been placed near Air Base No. 8. This incident was …
On May 1, 1988, elements linked to the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) marched through downtown Lima. The demonstration, which took place in the context of International Workers' Day, ended with attacks against banks in the Peruvian capital. This event occurred at a time when the government …
In May 1988, the Comité de Lucha de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas de la Carretera Central (CLOTCCC) was formed during the 'Primer Plenario de Trabajadores Clasistas de la Carretera Central' in Ñaña, Lima. This event marked a significant moment in Peruvian labor history, as it aimed to centralize the working …
In May 1988, the PCP-SL organized the First Plenary of Classist Workers of the Central Highway in Ñaña, Lima, gathering around 100 delegates from various labor bases. This event led to the formation of the Committee of Struggle of Classist Workers of the Central Highway (CLOTCCC), marking a significant shift …
On May 3, 1988, the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) attacked the premises of Canal 5 in Lima. Zoila López Rivadeneyra, who was the first MRTA militant killed in combat, died during this confrontation. This attack was part of the armed actions that MRTA carried out in the Peruvian capital …
The Comité de Lucha de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas de la Carretera Central (CLOTCCC) published its founding manifesto in a full-page article in the newspaper El Diario. This committee was formed in May 1988 after a plenary meeting of approximately 100 delegates from various trade union bases from the eastern …
Osman Morote, member of the Central Committee of the PCP-SL and head of the Northern Regional Committee, was captured in Lima in June 1988 along with other regional cadres. The capture took place shortly before a meeting called by the national leadership of the subversive organization. Morote had presented himself …
Sonia Muñoz de Yangali was kidnapped and tortured by the military on May 18, 1988 in the province of Churcampa, Huancavelica. The military shot her in the head and, believing her dead, placed a poster with alleged slogans of PCP-SL members on her. Two months after the failed assassination attempt, …
Carmen Rosa Cusquén, a lawyer, was assassinated on June 1, 1988 at the Loayza Hospital in Lima. This assassination took place in the context of the escalation of violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Peruvian capital, during the period of transition to the encirclement of the city (1985-1988). The …
A squad of the PIP and the Prosecutor of Canchis showed up at the facilities of the Peasant Training Center and the Community Aid Project, both dependencies of the Prelature of Sicuani, with orders from Lima to raid both premises, without any notice and without contacting the prelate, Monsignor Quinn. …
The capture of Osmán Morote on June 11, 1988, marked a significant event for the PCP-SL (Shining Path) in Lima. This event exposed the vulnerabilities in the security systems of the Shining Path and delayed their response to a series of attacks commemorating the birthdays of Guzmán and Mao. The …
Osmán Morote Barrionuevo, leader of the PCP-SL (Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path), was arrested in a raid carried out by the forces of law and order. This capture represented a significant blow to the leadership of the Shining Path at a time when the subversive group was intensifying …
On June 12, 1988, the DIRCOTE (Directorate Against Terrorism) captured Osmán Morote Barrionuevo in Lima, considered the number two in the hierarchy of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL). The capture represented a significant blow against the command structure of the subversive organization. On June 27, the …
On June 27, 1988, the oral trial against Osmán Morote Barrionuevo, who had been captured on June 12 of that year by the DIRCOTE in Lima, began in a public hearing. Morote was considered the number two in the hierarchy of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL). …
On July 7, 1988, eight members of a selective commando of the MRTA (Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru) kidnapped General Enrique López Albújar in Lima. This kidnapping was part of the MRTA's actions during the period of transition to the siege of the city (1985-1988), when the subversive groups intensified their …
On July 7, 1988, eight seditious members of the MRTA kidnapped businessman General FAP (r) Héctor Jeri García at the main gate of the CAPSA battery factory, located in La Victoria, Lima. The kidnapping was perpetrated by a commando of eight members of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement. The victim …
On July 7, 1988, Héctor Jerí García, a retired General of the Peruvian Air Force and general manager of the battery factory 'Capsa', was kidnapped by members of the MRTA in Lima. The kidnappers demanded various conditions for his release, including the distribution of food to poor neighborhoods and a …
On July 28, 1988, Manuel Febres Flores, a lawyer and president of the Association of Democratic Lawyers, was assassinated in Lima. The crime was claimed by a group called 'Comando Rodrigo Franco', which was later associated with the APRA party and the Ministry of the Interior. An investigative commission was …
On July 28, 1988, hours before the presidential message for the National Holidays, the lawyer Manuel Febres Flores, president of the Association of Democratic Lawyers and defender of the Shining Path leader Osmán Morote, was assassinated in Lima. The crime was claimed by a self-styled 'Comando Rodrigo Franco' (CRF), which …
Manuel Febres, defense lawyer for Osmán Morote Barrionuevo, leader of the PCP-SL who had been arrested on June 11, 1988, was assassinated on July 28, 1988. This assassination took place in the context of an escalation of selective violence against political figures, leaders and professionals linked to terrorism cases. The …
The Comando Rodrigo Franco was a paramilitary group that emerged in Peru, allegedly formed by members of the Partido Aprista to combat terrorism. The group became publicly known on July 28, 1988, following the assassination of lawyer Manuel Febres Flores, which they claimed responsibility for. The organization was reportedly involved …
Miguel Pasache Vidal and Sócrates Porta Solano were assassinated by the MRTA in August 1988. Their deaths were linked to the kidnapping of General Héctor Jerí García, who was later released after a ransom was paid and food was distributed in Lima. The MRTA claimed responsibility for the executions and …
The declarant was detained in September 1988 on the Central Highway in the district of Ate Vitarte, Lima. This case is part of the testimonies documented by the CVR on arbitrary detentions that included sexual violence against women during the internal armed conflict. The detention took place in an important …
In September 1988, a university student was detained in Ñaña, Lima, and taken to DINCOTE, where she was subjected to interrogation and threats of sexual violence. The testimonies reveal a pattern of abuse, including physical assault and coercion, during interrogations at DINCOTE. These events highlight the human rights violations occurring …
On September 22, 1988, a march of empty pots was held in Lima as a popular protest against the economic measures announced by the government. This demonstration was part of a series of protests that arose after Minister Abel Salinas Eyzaguirre announced new economic measures on September 8. The march …
Between September 27 and 29, 1988, a 72-hour strike was held on the Central Highway, which coincided with the beginning of the armed actions of the PCP-SL in that area. This strike marked the beginning of a series of armed strikes that the PCP-SL would organize in Lima in the …
The National Executive Committee of the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP) removes from its ranks the deputy for Lima Manuel Ángel del Pomar. The separation is due to his involvement in money laundering of proceeds from the sale of drugs to Europe. This disciplinary measure takes place in a context of …
The Eighth Correctional Court of the Superior Court of Lima sentenced Aida Mendoza Mateo to an indeterminate prison term of no less than twenty-five years for her participation in the murder of Rear Admiral Carlos Ponce Canessa. The conviction was based on evidence obtained at the police level that included …
On December 4, 1988, the MRTA kidnapped Carlos Ferreyros Aspíllaga, described as one of the most powerful businessmen in the country. This kidnapping was part of the actions of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement during a period of intense subversive activity in Peru. The event occurred in the context of …
The naval attaché of the Peruvian Embassy in Bolivia, Juan Vega Llona, was assassinated in La Paz by a PCP-SL commando acting under the name of the Revolutionary Workers Movement (MOR). Vega Llona had been in the emergency zone of Ayacucho in 1984 and intervened in the debellation of the …
Oscar Delgado, a Customs worker, was kidnapped and disappeared on December 14, 1988 in Lima. His disappearance was allegedly attributed to the National Police. Two and a half months after his arrest and disappearance, on February 8, 1989, street demonstrations took place during a strike of state workers protesting for …
On December 29, 1988, the Day for Peace was held, an event organized by the Municipality of Lima. This day took place in a context of intense political violence in the country, marked by the actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the MRTA, as well as by the government's response …
In 1989, the PCP-SL assassinated three local authorities in Raquia as part of its strategy to create a power vacuum by eliminating local leaders. The victims were Mayor Emiliano Diaz, Judge Sabino Aguirre and the Secretary of CORDE Ancash. These murders were part of an escalation of violence in the …
One affiant was detained by the police at her home in the district of Chorrillos in 1989. This case is one of the documented testimonies of arbitrary detentions that occurred in Lima during the internal armed conflict. The detention took place at the victim's home in this Lima district.
A declarant was arrested for the second time in 1989 on an avenue in Lima. This second detention occurred after a first detention that had taken place on November 1, 1989 in the district of La Victoria, Lima, when she was taken to the 28th of July Police Station. The …
Consuelo García was a union leader assassinated in Lima during 1989. According to the records of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, she was a leader of Labor Unions or Federations of Workers, workers or employees. Her death was attributed to the Rodrigo Franco Paramilitary Group, a paramilitary group operating during …
The only National Congress of Izquierda Unida (IU) took place in Lima in January 1989, marking a significant moment for the leftist coalition. The congress aimed to unify various factions within IU and propose a coherent strategy for the upcoming presidential elections in 1990. Despite efforts to promote a legal …
In 1989, the APRA government ordered the Armed Forces to take charge of internal order in Lima and Callao, within the framework of a state of emergency. This measure was taken in a context of escalating subversive violence, particularly by the PCP-SL, which had intensified its actions in the capital. …
In the framework of the announcement of the arrival of the "strategic balance" in 1989, the PCP-SL modified its strategy in several areas of the country, including Villa El Salvador (VES), seeking to dispute the hegemony of the left and to unmask the supposed uselessness of its peaceful option for …
In 1989, a person was captured in Plaza San Martin in Lima and taken to DINCOTE (National Directorate against Terrorism). The person was accused of terrorism and was detained for 14 days. This type of arbitrary detention was part of the actions of law enforcement during the internal armed conflict. …
Assassination of retired General Enrique López Albújar in Lima, perpetrated by the MRTA in retaliation for the Molinos massacre. This was a condemnable assassination that constituted the organization's response to the execution of surrendered guerrillas.
In 1989, during its third National Meeting in Lima, the Coordinadora, a coalition of human rights organizations in Peru, adopted a significant stance by demanding both the state and subversive armed groups respect International Humanitarian Law. This marked a shift in the human rights movement, which traditionally focused on state …
In January 1989 the only IU National Congress was held in Lima. It was the moment of encounter of all the tendencies gathered in 1980. A political thesis was approved which maintained that although in general strategic terms the IU did not renounce on principle any means or form of …
In 1989, a woman was detained by police in San Juan de Miraflores, Lima, where she was subjected to severe physical and sexual abuse. She was coerced to sign a document under duress, and when she refused, she was brutally assaulted and raped by multiple officers. The abuse continued as …
The first 'paro armado' or armed strike in Lima by the Shining Path (PCP-SL) took place on January 19, 1989. This event was part of a broader strategy to destabilize the Peruvian state through violence and coincided with the I Congress of Izquierda Unida in Huampaní. The armed strikes were …
On January 19, 1989, the second class strike called by the PCP-SL took place on Avenida Argentina, as part of its strategy to establish a presence in the industrial zones of Lima and radicalize the trade union movement.
On January 19, 1989, the PCP Shining Path called the first armed strike on the Central Highway. This event was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to intensify its presence in Lima and the industrial zones, seeking to develop the confrontation of the union movement with the forces of law and …
On January 19, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso called and carried out the first armed strike in Lima, specifically in the area of the Central Highway. This armed strike strategically coincided with the First Congress of the United Left that was being held in Huampaní, with the political objective of competing …
On February 2, 1989, the PCP Sendero Luminoso organized its first armed strike in Lima, Peru. This event led to the closure of commercial establishments and a series of attacks that made the city feel besieged. Between July 1986 and March 1989, Lima experienced 261 attacks and bombings, highlighting the …
On February 2, 1989, the Shining Path PCP called the first armed strike in the entire city of Lima. This event marked an escalation in the subversive strategy of bringing armed conflict to the nation's capital. The armed strike was part of a broader strategy of the PCP-SL to expand …
On February 8, 1989, seven people were shot and wounded during street demonstrations as part of a strike by state workers over salary demands. The workers were also protesting against the disappearance of customs leader Óscar Delgado Vera, who had been detained and allegedly disappeared by the National Police two …
On the night of February 13, 1989, the mining leader Saúl Cantoral Huamaní and social promoter Consuelo García Filomenas were shot and killed by a paramilitary group near the premises of the National Federation of Mining Workers in Lima. This assassination led to a significant national mobilization, with a 24-hour …
Saúl Cantoral Huamaní, the Secretary General of the Federation of National Miners, Metallurgists, and Steelworkers of Peru, was assassinated alongside Consuelo Trinidad García Martínez on February 13, 1989. They were last seen alive after leaving a friend's house in the district of Breña, Lima. Cantoral had been previously threatened and …
On the night of February 13, 1989, mining leader Saúl Cantoral Huamaní and social promoter Consuelo García Filomenas were shot to death by a paramilitary group near the offices of the National Federation of Mine Workers in Lima. This murder occurred on the eve of a new national mining strike. …
On February 13, 1989, in Lima, a paramilitary group assassinated mining leader Saúl Cantoral Huamaní and social worker Consuelo García. This crime occurred in the context of the political violence affecting the mining sector in the central region of Peru. The murder took place during a period of intense repression …
Bernardino Flores Arbieto was detained by 24 soldiers from the Capaya Base and taken to the base where he was severely beaten with the butt of a gun. According to the testimony of his wife Gertrudes Arbieto Huamaní, after the mistreatment her husband became ill, unable to work and with …
Priests Jorge Alvarez Calderon and Luis Hernot, from Lima, were arrested by members of the national police at the retreat house in Huaura. The bishopric of Huacho, by means of a communiqué, rejected any attempt to link the priests with possible terrorist actions.
On March 27, 1989, the largest anti-narcotics police base in Peru, located in Uchiza, was attacked by hundreds of narcoterrorists armed with weapons of war. During the hours of resistance, the police were in permanent radio contact with Lima and the surrounding military bases, but received no help. At dawn, …
On 27 March 1989, the largest anti-narcotics police base in Peru, located in Uchiza, was attacked by hundreds of narcoterrorists armed with military-grade weapons. Despite being in contact with Lima and nearby military bases, the police received no assistance and eventually surrendered after sustaining significant casualties. This event highlighted the …
A female terrorist, approximately 25 years old, who participated in the attack on Uchiza, was evacuated to Lima along with police personnel. She was hospitalized at the PNP Central Health Hospital and died on March 29, 1989. She was not identified by DIRCOTE-LIMA and a Colombian passport and an M-19 …
Henry Bladimir Delgado Salazar, a 34-year-old Colombian citizen with passport N°AC-240556, alleged drug trafficker who participated in the armed attack on Uchiza, was transferred to the Muñoz S. Clinic in Tingo María after being wounded. He was later evacuated to Lima where he died at the Stella Maria Clinic on …
Miguel Rincón Rincón, leader of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA), was captured in downtown Lima on April 16, 1989. After his capture, he was imprisoned in the Castro Castro prison. This arrest represented a significant blow to the command structure of the MRTA. The capture took place in a …
On April 19, 1989, combined Army and police forces carried out a simultaneous raid on the universities of San Marcos and La Cantuta in Lima. More than 500 students were arrested during the operation. This operation was part of the counter-subversive strategy of the APRA government in a context of …
In the early morning of April 20, 1989, soldiers and police entered San Marcos and La Cantuta universities. This military intervention took place in a context of intensification of the anti-subversive struggle by the APRA government. The operation was part of the actions of the forces of law and order …
Luis Alberto Alvarez Aguilar, a 21-year-old student from Lima, was detained on April 30, 1989, along with two other students, under suspicion of involvement with the PCP-SL. Despite being released due to lack of evidence, Alvarez Aguilar was later implicated in activities related to the organization. He and José Abel …
On May 1, 1989, a detachment of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) attacked the Tablada de Lurin police post. This attack took place in a context of intensified political violence in the country, during the government of Alan Garcia Perez. The attack was part of the armed actions that …
On May 6, 1989, Pablo Li Ormeño, a member of the APRA party, was assassinated in Lima, leading to the resignation of the cabinet. This assassination was part of the Shining Path's campaign of selective annihilations against authorities and representatives of the State, 1989 being the year with the highest …
On May 17, 1989, the PCP-SL assassinated engineer Abelardo Ludeña Luque, who was a militant of Izquierda Unida (IU) and a professor at the National University of Engineering (UNI). This selective assassination was part of the Shining Path's strategy of eliminating political and social leaders who opposed their revolutionary project. …
In June 1989, the Peruvian Ministry of Defense published the Manual de Ejército Guerra no Convencional Contrasubversión ME 41-7 in Lima. This document provided a comprehensive analysis of the subversive activities of the PCP-SL and the MRTA, detailing their organizational structures, tactics, and objectives. It also outlined the Peruvian military's …
Seven soldiers of the Húsares de Junín regiment were killed after a bomb attack in Barrios Altos, Lima. As a result of the intense police and Peruvian Army actions, more than fifteen thousand people were arrested during the gigantic operation. This attack took place in a context of intensified political …
On June 3, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a bomb attack against soldiers of the "Húsares de Junín" regiment in the district of Barrios Altos, Lima. The attack resulted in the death of seven soldiers. This attack took place in a context of intensification of subversive actions in the …
On June 6, 1989, a subversive attack occurred in Lima, Peru, when a bomb exploded on a bus carrying military personnel. The explosion, caused by approximately 10 to 12 kg of dynamite, resulted in the deaths of six military personnel and left 25 others with serious injuries. The attack was …
Manuel Espinoza Monroe, aprista provincial mayor of Leoncio Prado in the department of Huanuco, was assassinated on June 15, 1989. This crime took place in a context of intensifying political violence in Peru, where local authorities, especially mayors, were frequent targets of subversive groups. The assassination was part of a …
On June 16, 1989, 1,000 Peruvian Army soldiers raided the human settlement of Huaycán. During the military operation, the armed forces detained more than 800 people, identified as undocumented and suspected of committing terrorist acts. This action took place in the context of intense police and military operations that were …
A minor was arrested on July 19, 1989 in the district of Santa Anita, Lima. During her detention, she was subjected to groping and mistreatment by police officers. The events occurred in August 1989 at DINCOTE, Lima, where the minor was transferred. The testimony is part of the documented cases …
On July 20, 1989, the first class-struggle armed strike took place in Lima, called by the PCP-SL. This strike marked an escalation in the Shining Path strategy of paralyzing the capital through intimidation and violence against public transport and other services.
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called a class-struggle armed strike on July 20, 1989 in Lima, as part of a strategy to increase its presence in the capital and force the radicalization of the trade union movement. This strike was organized through organizations such as the Comité de Lucha de Obreros y …
The PCP-SL (Shining Path) called an armed strike in the city of Lima on July 20, 1989. Despite the terrorist attacks on the capital that day, the armed strike failed in its attempt to paralyze the city. This type of action was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to demonstrate its …
On July 26, 1989, Abel Malpartida Paez, a student of Industrial Engineering, disappeared on his way from his home to the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP). The disappearance occurred in a context of intensifying political violence in the country, during the government of Alan Garcia Perez. The event took …
On the morning of July 27, 1989, the bodies of Abel Malpartida Páez and Luis Alberto Alvarez Aguilar were found at Km. 53 of the Panamericana Sur highway in San Bartolo, Lima. The victims were killed by an explosion, which left their bodies dismembered and scattered over a 50-meter radius. …
On July 28, 1989, the bodies of two students from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUC), Abel Malpartida and Luis Alvarez, were discovered on the beach of Curayacu in the district of San Bartolo, Lima. This event marked a significant crisis for the student movement at the university. The …
In the framework of the announcement of the arrival of the "strategic balance" in 1989, the PCP-SL significantly increased its actions in Lima with acts of sabotage and propaganda, including the burning of buses, attacks against electricity and water infrastructure, police stations and government party offices. This upsurge began in …
José Luis Aznarán, leader of the National Federation of University Teachers of Peru (FENDUP), disappeared in October 1989 in Lima. His case is part of a series of disappearances and murders of union and social leaders that occurred during that period of the internal armed conflict. The disappearance took place …
As of October 1989, in the framework of the announcement of the arrival of the 'strategic balance', the PCP-SL significantly increased its actions in Lima with acts of sabotage and propaganda. Subversive actions increased by more than 100%, with a view to the actions to be carried out as of …
Enrique Castilla was a leader of the La Unión Union when he was assassinated in October 1989 in Lima. His death was perpetrated by the PCP-SL (Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path) as part of the subversive group's offensive against union leaders and popular organizations. This assassination occurred in …
Enrique Castilla, a textile leader associated with the PUM, was assassinated by a Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) commando in the outskirts of Lima in late October 1989. This event was part of a broader strategy by the Shining Path to eliminate local authorities and figures they deemed as traitors to …
On October 4, 1989, Hector Delgado Parker, president of TV Channel 5, was kidnapped in Lima. This kidnapping was part of the escalation of violent actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the capital during the period known as "strategic balance". The kidnapping of a high-profile media figure like Delgado Parker …
On October 10, 1989, Felipe Vergara Avila, provincial mayor of Cajatambo in the department of Lima, was assassinated. This crime took place in the context of a municipal election campaign marred by the assassinations of mayors and mayoral candidates in different parts of the country. The assassination was part of …
On October 25, 1989, an army patrol surrounded the town of Atcas in the province of Yauyos, department of Lima. The military forced the villagers to leave their homes and head towards the town's stadium. The operation was part of the counter-subversive actions carried out by the armed forces in …
On October 31, 1989, Enrique Castilla, textile leader and member of the Central Committee of the PUM, was assassinated in Lima by militants of the PCP-SL. This assassination was unanimously condemned by the IU and its members. Eduardo Cáceres, then Secretary General of the PUM, declared before various media that …
The 'Peru, Life and Peace' campaign was launched in May 1989 by various civil society groups and political leaders to promote national dialogue on violence. In November 1989, the campaign reached a significant level of participation when it challenged an 'armed strike' called by Sendero Luminoso. A massive demonstration took …
On November 1, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso held a march in Manco Capac Square in Lima. During the event, there was a violent confrontation with police forces. As a result of the confrontation, three people lost their lives. This event was part of the most intense period of Shining Path …
Two days before the armed strike called to boycott the municipal elections of November 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attempted to carry out an armed march as a form of propaganda and agitation. The march resulted in a violent confrontation with the forces of law and order that ended with three …
In November 1989, the first broad civil society reaction against the violence of the internal armed conflict took place. This mobilization materialized through the formation of the organization Peru Vida y Paz (Peru Life and Peace) and culminated in a massive march for peace held in the country's capital. This …
A woman was detained on November 3, 1989 in the district of San Juan de Miraflores, province and department of Lima. The CVR Report document mentions this case in the context of arbitrary detentions where sexual violations took place. The declarant was a victim of sexual violence during her detention, …
On 3 November 1989, a woman was detained in the district of San Juan de Miraflores, Lima, Peru. During her detention at the local police station, she was subjected to severe physical and sexual abuse. This incident is part of a broader pattern of violence against women in police custody …
On November 3, 1989, in the midst of the campaign for the municipal elections, one of the most massive marches against the PCP-SL was organized in all the years of the internal armed conflict. The initiative to mobilize the population in the face of the threat of an armed strike …
In November 1989, a woman was detained in the district of San Juan de Miraflores, Lima. During her detention, she was subjected to physical abuse and a humiliating medical examination by a forensic doctor. Despite her injuries and claims of mistreatment, the medical examination was conducted in a manner that …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called an armed strike on November 3, 1989 with the intention of boycotting the municipal elections of that day. Two days before the strike, on November 1, the PCP-SL attempted to carry out an armed march as a form of propaganda and agitation, which resulted in a …
On November 12, 1989, municipal and regional elections were held. The IU obtained 12%, while the Left Socialist Agreement (ASI) obtained 2% of the vote. The Democratic Front (FREDEMO), led by Mario Vargas Llosa, had obtained just over 32% nationwide. In Lima, the independent Ricardo Belmont was elected Mayor. A …
Ricardo Belmont Casinelli was officially proclaimed mayor of Lima by the National Jury of Elections (JNE) on November 29, 1989. Belmont, independent candidate of the Obras group, obtained 45.14% of the votes in the municipal elections. His victory was resounding, far surpassing the second place candidate, Juan Inchaústegui of FREDEMO, …
Ricardo Belmont Casinelli became the new mayor of Lima on November 29, 1989. This event took place in a context of serious economic and political crisis during the APRA government of Alan García Pérez. The year 1989 was characterized by intense political violence, with 75 elected authorities assassinated (32%) and …
Saturdino Calapuja Salazar, a member of the CGTP (General Confederation of Peruvian Workers), was kidnapped in December 1989 in Lima. After participating in a CGTP meeting, he was kidnapped and ill-treated. He was later found in an agonizing state in downtown Lima. This case is part of a series of …
General Enrique Lopez Albujar, who served as defense minister, was assassinated by an MRTA commando in Lima in January 1990. The MRTA justified his assassination by claiming that Lopez Albujar had ordered the 'repassing' of the wounded and the killing of surrendered guerrillas during the Molinos confrontation in April 1989. …
General Enrique López Albujar was assassinated by a commando of the MRTA in Lima in January 1990. The MRTA justified the assassination by claiming that López Albujar had ordered the execution of wounded and surrendered MRTA members. This event reflects the intense conflict and human rights violations occurring in Peru …
In 1990, the PCP-SL (Shining Path) deliberately formed the Raucana settlement in Ate-Vitarte, Lima, as part of their strategy to expand their 'people's war' into urban areas. Unlike other settlements, Raucana was conceived as a 'Comité Popular Abierto' (Open People's Committee) and was distinct from other projects like Huaycán. The …
In 1990, military raids became a common occurrence in the marginalized neighborhoods of Lima, particularly in Raucana. Soldiers, often masked, conducted late-night searches of homes, instilling fear among residents who worried about being wrongfully detained or disappearing. Additionally, the military used intimidation tactics such as firing guns into the air …
In 1990, a person was detained by a police officer in the Province of Barranca, Lima, Peru. The detainee was taken to the Barranca Police Station, then transferred to the PIP of Barranca, and subsequently to the DINCOTE in Lima. This event highlights the pattern of violent detentions and the …
In 1990, the Permanent Peoples' Tribunal held a session in Lima, Peru, focusing on addressing impunity in Latin America. This event was part of a broader effort to bring attention to human rights violations and seek justice for victims. The session highlighted the ongoing challenges in holding perpetrators accountable in …
Congressman Gerardo Lopez, a member of Cambio 90, was kidnapped by the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) in 1990. The perpetrators described the act as an 'invitation to talk' and to make known the guidelines of the Third Central Committee of the MRTA. This kidnapping was part of the MRTA's …
The MRTA carried out an attack against the municipality of San Martin de Porres in 1990. This attack took place in a context of political violence in the Northern Zone of Metropolitan Lima, where both the MRTA and the PCP-SL carried out actions against local authorities and representatives of the …
José Gálvez, FREDEMO candidate and principal of the Carlos Wiesse school in Comas, was assassinated by the PCP-SL in 1990. This assassination took place in the context of a Shining Path strategy of attacking authorities and political figures in the Northern Zone of Metropolitan Lima. The crime was part of …
The Second Forum for Life and Peace was organized in 1990 with the support of the Episcopal Conference. This event took place in a context of worsening political violence in Lima, particularly in the Northern Zone. Unlike the first forum organized in 1987, attendance at the Second Forum was very …
Felipe Santiago Salaverry, former President of the Peruvian Social Security Institute (IPSS), was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in 1990. This assassination was part of a broader strategy of the PCP-SL to multiply the assassinations of officials linked to the APRA government of Alan Garcia. The crime occurred on the …
In 1990, Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path (PCP-SL), declared the completion of the 'strategic defensive' phase of their prolonged war, aiming to focus subversive actions in Lima due to setbacks in rural areas. The rise of 'rondas campesinas' and 'comités de autodefensa' marked a significant peasant resistance against …
In the early months of 1990, during the government of the APRA party, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) was created to focus on monitoring the leadership of subversive groups in Peru. Despite initial setbacks, such as narrowly missing the capture of Abimael Guzmán in June of that year, the GEIN's …
The province of Oyón was created in the midst of the internal armed conflict in 1990. Prior to the implementation of the Agrarian Reform, there were some large estates in the province, mostly cattle ranches, coexisting with communal territories. According to the 1993 Census, the province had 17,279 inhabitants. The …
On January 9, 1990, retired Army General and former Minister of Defense Enrique López Albújar was assassinated by a commando of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) in the district of San Isidro, Lima. This selective assassination was part of the MRTA's strategy of carrying out military actions against specific …
Presidential candidate Henry Pease García-Yrigoyen of Izquierda Unida (IU) was walking through downtown Lima when he was wounded by a member of the Peruvian National Police (PNP) with lead shot. The attack occurred in the middle of the electoral campaign for the 1990 general elections, in a context of intense …
In March 1990, a university student was detained near the University of San Marcos in Lima and taken to DINCOTE, where she experienced severe abuse. The testimonies reveal a pattern of sexual violence and torture against detainees, including forced nudity, physical assault, and sexual assault by officers. These events highlight …
In March 1990, amidst the peak of the general elections, the Grupo Especial de Inteligencia (GEIN) was formed within the Dirección Contra el Terrorismo (DIRCOTE) in Lima, Peru. The GEIN focused on covert intelligence operations, including surveillance and tracking, to capture key subversive leaders. On June 1, 1990, GEIN conducted …
A teacher was arrested in the district of Comas, province and department of Lima, on August 9, 1993. The rape took place in March 1990 in the facilities of the DINCOTE (Dirección Nacional Contra el Terrorismo). The testimony documents cases of sexual violence perpetrated by police officers against women detained …
On March 4, 1990, unknown individuals detonated powerful explosives at the central office of Amnesty International in Lima, causing significant material damage to the office and nearby buildings. This incident was part of a series of attacks and threats against human rights organizations in Peru during this period. These actions …
The government declares a state of emergency for thirty days in the provinces of Lima and Callao. This measure is taken in the context of the electoral period and orders the immobility of all members of the Peruvian National Police (PNP) during the electoral period. The declaration of emergency implies …
On March 28, 1990, the third armed strike was held in Lima called by the PCP-SL. For the first time, public transportation completely suspended its activities due to Shining Path threats and intimidation against carriers.
The Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) called for an armed strike in the city of Lima on March 28, 1990. The armed strike failed in its attempt to paralyze the Peruvian capital. This type of action was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to demonstrate its capacity for …
On March 28, 1990, a column of the PCP-SL (Shining Path) assassinated the former APRA mayor of the district of Colcabamba, province of Tayacaja, in the district of Chilca, Huancayo. This assassination occurred on the same day that the armed strike called by the PCP-SL for Lima failed. The former …
A delegation from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights of the United Nations arrived in Lima at the invitation of the Peruvian government. The delegation was tasked with investigating human rights violations, including the case of 82 teachers who were kidnapped by PCP-SL detachments since May 1990 in the province …
In June 1990, police raided the Organizational Support Department (DAO) of the PCP-SL, which operated in Monterrico Norte, a military residential area in Lima. The DAO was responsible for drafting the party's directives that went to the central committees and apparatuses. The property was in charge of lawyer Elvia Nila …
In June 1990, the Peruvian police successfully raided the Department of Apoyo Organizativo (DAO) in Monterrico Norte, Lima, which was a significant operational hub for the PCP-SL. This raid led to the discovery of the true extent of the Shining Path's presence in Lima and resulted in the capture of …
Raucana was founded in July 1990 as a human settlement in Lima. Since its founding, the Shining Path PCP was present organizing the neighborhood defense against eviction and intimidating the owners. Its political and territorial control was almost complete, to the point that the first open Popular Committee of Lima …
On July 12, 1990, an armed confrontation took place between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the military forces in Cochamarca, province of Oyón. This confrontation was part of the military-police offensive that dealt decisive blows to the Shining Path combat forces in the region during 1989 and 1990. The event occurred …
On July 12, 1990, there was an escape from the Canto Grande maximum security prison in Lima. Among the escapees was Víctor Polay Campos, alias 'Rolando', leader of the MRTA. The guerrillas who escaped from this prison later joined the Northeastern Front (FNO) of the MRTA in San Martin, reinforcing …
In August 1990, President Alberto Fujimori of Peru implemented a severe economic adjustment program known as the 'fujishock'. This program marked a significant shift from his electoral promises, focusing on free-market policies without prior activation of social emergency programs for the economically disadvantaged. The measures led to widespread market closures …
The Hurtado Miller cabinet appeared before the National Congress to present the government program of Cambio 90. This cabinet included figures from different political parties, among them the Minister of Education Gloria Helfer Palacios (who resigned from IU to take office), Fernando Sanchez Alvabera in Energy and Mines, and Carlos …
By means of a supreme decree, the government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori declared a state of emergency for thirty days in the provinces of Arequipa, Cuzco, Puno, Piura, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Maynas, Huaraz, Chimbote, Lima and Callao. As a consequence of this measure, individual guarantees were suspended in all these provinces. …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called the fourth armed strike in Lima on August 9, 1990, in protest against the set of economic measures implemented by the government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori. This strike was part of an ascending sequence of armed strikes that the PCP-SL organized between 1988 and 1992 in …
On September 11, 1990, Víctor De La Torre Romero, the Executive President of Cementos Lima S.A., was kidnapped in San Borja, Lima by armed members of the MRTA. The kidnappers blocked his vehicle and forcibly removed him, later demanding a ransom and distribution of food in impoverished areas for his …
On 22 September 1990, Orestes Rodríguez Campos, a former Minister of Labor during the Aprista government, was assassinated by members of the PCP-SL. The attack occurred inside his car, along with his son, as they were leaving the sports field of the Ministry of Labor in the district of Surco, …
On 23 September 1990, Gerardo López Quiroz, a deputy and president of the parliamentary team 'Cambio 90', was kidnapped from his home in Villa El Salvador, Lima. The kidnapping was carried out by three members of the MRTA, who posed as messengers from the Secretary General of the Community Autogestionaria …
On October 17, 1990, a police station located in the district of Jesús María was completely destroyed. The attack was part of the escalation of political violence that characterized this period in Lima, where subversive groups intensified their actions during the government transition process. The total destruction of the police …
The case involves the detention of Ernesto Castillo Páez by members of the Peruvian National Police on October 21, 1990, in Villa El Salvador, Lima. Despite evidence of his detention, the judicial process faced significant challenges, including the dismissal of charges against several police officials due to insufficient evidence. The …
On October 21, 1990, Ernesto Castillo Paez, a young university student, was detained by members of the National Police. Although the Habeas Corpus had been favorably resolved in two instances, on February 7, 1991, the Supreme Court of Justice declared the decision null and void. Faced with this situation of …
On October 24, 1990, the fifth armed strike called by the PCP-SL took place, which lasted 48 hours. During this strike there was no public transportation or electricity in the capital, demonstrating the capacity of the PCP-SL to paralyze the city through intimidation.
Mr. Cromwell Castillo Castillo, father of Ernesto Castillo Paez, filed a Habeas Corpus suit before the 24th Court of Instruction of Lima on behalf of his son and against the Ministry of the Interior, the Chief of the Peruvian National Police and the Chief of the National Directorate against Terrorism. …
Congressman Alejandro Victoria Mendoza, a member of the Cambio 90 party, was assassinated in the district of Ate Vitarte, Lima. This crime took place in the context of an escalation of political violence in the Peruvian capital, where both the PCP-SL and the MRTA were intensifying their actions against authorities …
During the period 1991-1992, the PCP-SL intensified a process of threats, intimidation and selective assassinations against leaders of popular women's organizations, mainly in Lima and Callao. The PCP-SL considered these organizations as opposition forces that impeded the development of their plans in the city. Among the leaders assassinated were Juana …
The affiant was detained for the second time at her home in the district of Villa El Salvador, province and department of Lima, on January 31, 1991. This event is part of a pattern of arbitrary detentions that occurred during the internal armed conflict in Peru. The detention occurred in …
On January 31, 1991, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) raided a house in the district of San Borja, Lima, seizing the general archive of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL). In this operation they found the famous videos of the PCP-SL leadership dancing 'Zorba, the Greek'. This …
On January 31, 1991, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) raided a house in the district of San Borja, Lima, where they seized the general archive of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL). Among the confiscated materials were the famous videos showing the leadership of the PCP-SL dancing …
Subversives attacked U.S. embassy security personnel using FAL rifles. This attack was part of a series of violent actions carried out during February 1991. The attack took place in a context of intensifying political violence in the Peruvian capital. Two days after the attack on the embassy, there was another …
President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, in a message to the nation, shows fragments of one of the videos seized from the leadership of the PCP-SL. The videos had been seized on January 31, 1991 by the GEIN when they raided a house in the district of San Borja (Lima), where they …
Lucero Cumpa, leader of the MRTA, was recaptured in March 1991 by members of the DINCOTE in the Lima district of Magdalena del Mar. On March 11, in one of the most impressive and violent actions carried out by an MRTA commando in Lima, Lucero Cumpa was rescued while being …
Police raids in Huaycán were carried out intermittently until March and April 1991, as part of the combined law enforcement operations in the human settlements of the Eastern Zone. These operations had begun in 1987, when nearly 300 settlers were detained in two successive raids. In 1991, military bases were …
On March 11, 1991, an MRTA commando carried out one of the most impressive and violent actions in Lima to rescue Lucero Cumpa Miranda. The MRTA leader was being transferred to the Judicial Power along with Nelly Evans Risco, a member of the PCP-SL, in a truck belonging to the …
Lucero Cumpa, leader of the MRTA, was recaptured in March 1991 by members of the DINCOTE in the Lima district of Magdalena del Mar. On March 11, in one of the most impressive and violent actions carried out by an MRTA commando in Lima, Lucero Cumpa was rescued while being …
On March 21, 1991, Lima endured one of the most agitated labor days of the period. Protests were sparked by multiple sectors on strike simultaneously, including nurses, Ministry of Health workers, members of the CITE (Confederación Intersectorial de Trabajadores Estatales), the Federación Nacional de Trabajadores Universitarios del Perú (FENTUP) and …
A group of the MRTA took over the San Martin de Porres temple in Lima and called for armed struggle. This takeover of the temple was a propaganda action of the MRTA to spread its political message and to call the population to join the armed struggle.
In April 1991, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an attack against the premises of the Instituto Libertad y Democracia, directed by Hernando de Soto, who at the time was an advisor to President Alberto Fujimori. This attack was part of a reactivation of subversive actions in the capital during Fujimori's …
In April 1991, three agents from the National Intelligence Service (SIN) were detained by the National Police near Plaza Italia in Barrios Altos, Lima. This incident led to a Senate motion expressing dissatisfaction with the information provided by the ministers of Interior and Defense. The ministers were called to provide …
The affiant was detained on April 5, 1991 in Surquillo, Lima. This detention event is mentioned in the context of cases of sexual violence and other human rights violations documented by the CVR. The detention is part of the pattern of arbitrary detentions that occurred during the internal armed conflict …
Members of the Peruvian Army entered the communities of Chambara and Humaya in Lima, where they detained six villagers, three from each community. Subsequently, the bodies of the six detainees were found dead on the road leading to these communities. This event occurred in the context of the internal armed …
The World Confederation of Organizations of Professional Teachers (CMOPE) alleges a series of murders, arrests and acts of violence against teachers who were members of the Single Union of Education Workers of Peru (SUTEP) since the beginning of the strike on May 8, 1991. The repression of this strike resulted …
The Inter-American Institute of Human Rights (IIDH) and the Episcopal Commission for Social Action (CEAS) organized the First Seminar-Workshop on Population Displaced by Violence. This event was held in Lima on May 10-12, 1991. The seminar addressed the problem of internally displaced persons in the context of the internal armed …
On May 29, 1991, the PCP-SL called for an armed strike in Lima through its front organization, the Revolutionary Movement for the Defense of the People (Movimiento Revolucionario de Defensa del Pueblo). Despite the call and the threats, the Lima population went out to work normally, which represented a failure …
On May 29, 1991, the sixth armed strike called by the PCP-SL took place in Lima, continuing its strategy of paralyzing the capital and demonstrating its capacity to control the population through intimidation and violence.
On May 30, 1991, the leaders of SUTEP (Sindicato Único de Trabajadores en la Educación del Perú), accompanied by three parliamentarians and other union members, marched across Lima's Plaza de Armas towards the Government Palace. The objective of the march was to request an audience with the wife of President …
On June 1, 1991, members of the Peruvian National Police (PNP) captured six members of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) in the district of Pueblo Libre, Lima. This operation took place one day after another important capture in the Lima district of Jesus Maria, where Alberto Galvez Olaechea, leader …
In June 1991, the Peruvian government extended the state of emergency in the provinces of Lima, Callao and Puno for a further sixty days. This measure was framed in the context of the intensification of political violence in the country, particularly during the so-called 'red month' of the PCP-SL, which …
On June 1, 1991, several individuals were detained in Barrios Altos, Lima, Peru, under accusations of terrorism. This event was linked to the activities of a paramilitary death squad known as the 'Destacamento Colina,' which was reportedly connected to state intelligence services. Investigations into these activities were met with resistance …
On July 7, 1991, the Self-Defense Corps was created in the human settlement of Huaycán, located in the Eastern Cone of Lima. This creation was the result of a process of community resistance against the Shining Path PCP, which had tried to establish political control in the area. In April …
In the early morning of July 18, 1991, Professor Francisco Solier García (46 years old), his wife Celestina Huallanca Hinostroza (40 years old), his son Waldyn Solier Huallanca (14 years old) and his nephew Carlos José Rodríguez Cordero (18 years old) were murdered. All of them were shot and the …
The La Cantuta Massacre refers to the abduction and murder of nine students and a professor from La Cantuta University in Lima, Peru, in August 1991. This event was part of a series of human rights violations during the internal conflict in Peru, involving state forces and insurgent groups. The …
On October 8, 1991, members of the Destacamento Especial Nº 03, part of the Socorro Popular del Perú, were arrested for the assassination of former Minister of Labor Orestes Rodríguez Campos. The group was also implicated in various terrorist activities in Lima, including bombings and robberies. The operation was part …
In September 1991, a military base was installed in Raucana, a human settlement in Lima where the Shining Path PCP had established the first and only open Popular Committee in Lima. The PCP-SL had been present since the founding of the settlement in July 1990, organizing the neighborhood defense against …
In September 1991, a military base was installed in Huaycán, a human settlement in the Eastern Cone of Lima. This installation took place after in April 1991, during the Second Statutory Congress of the Urban Self-Managed Community of Huaycán, the Shining Path PCP suffered a political defeat when the delegates …
On 6 September 1991, the Peruvian Army established a base in Raucana, Lima, as part of a military intervention to counter subversive activities. A large contingent of soldiers surrounded the town, announcing their presence as a civic action. The intervention was marked by a public demonstration against terrorism, with local …
At the invitation of the Peruvian government, a delegation from the United Nations Inter-American Commission on Human Rights arrived in Lima. The purpose of the visit was to investigate cases of human rights violations in the country. Among the specific cases to be investigated was that of 82 teachers who …
Ernesto Rafael Castillo Páez, a sociology student at the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, was forcibly disappeared by the National Police on October 21, 1991, in Villa El Salvador, Lima. Despite investigations by the national judiciary and the Inter-American Human Rights System, he remains missing. His disappearance occurred during a …
In November 1991, the March 'Against Hunger and Terror' took place, led by the leaders María Elena Moyano and Emma Hilario, among others. This march took place in a context of intensified threats and attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the leaders of women's grassroots organizations. The march was an …
A woman was arrested in the San Luis Urbanization in the district of Salamanca, department of Lima, on November 1, 1991. She was later transferred to the DINCOTE where she was constantly groped by the police. The witness's account shows how since her arrival at the DINCOTE she was beaten …
A female affiant was detained on November 27, 1991 in the district of Lima. During her interrogation at DINCOTE, she was subjected to sexual violence and constant groping. The witness recounts: 'the only thing I felt was that they pulled me by force and made me walk through, I suppose, …
On November 3, 1991, the Colina detachment executed fifteen people in Barrios Altos, Lima. The operation was carried out by heavily armed Peruvian army personnel wearing ski masks. The victims were executed indiscriminately with firearms with silencers, regardless of sex or age. The indiscriminate fire killed 11 adult males, 3 …
At 10:30 p.m. on the night of November 3, 1991, a bizarre massacre took place on Huanta Street, located half a block away from the 26th Comandancia de la Plaza Italia in Lima. In this attack, 16 people were killed and four others were seriously wounded. The event occurred in …
A woman was arrested in the district of El Agustino on November 11, 1991. During her detention, police officers asked her to kiss another girl detained with her in the cell and to get into the doggy style position. The police exercised sexual and psychological violence against the detainees. This …
A female affiant was arrested on November 27, 1991 in the district of Lima. During her detention, she was subjected to sexual violence and torture. The events occurred in the context of detentions carried out by law enforcement forces during the internal armed conflict. The declarant was subsequently transferred to …
In December 1991, law enforcement forces conducted coordinated operations in the area between the international airport and the district of Ventanilla in Callao. In two operations by the Navy and one by the police forces, 20 presumed Shining Path members were captured. These operations were part of the State's response …
In December 1991 there was an attack on Emma Hilario, leader of the National Central of Canteens and leader of popular women's organizations. In late December, early in the morning, five hikers entered her house while she was still resting, leaving her brother-in-law and husband wounded. Emma had received previous …
On December 3, 1991, Hory Chlimper Halfin, a principal shareholder of Farmaindustria and Droguerías Kahan, was kidnapped by members of the MRTA. The abduction occurred at his workplace in Lince, Lima, as he was intercepted by armed assailants. The kidnappers used multiple vehicles and weapons to execute the operation, and …
In the early 1990s, grassroots organizations in Lima, particularly those involved in community kitchens, faced intimidation and discrediting campaigns by Sendero Luminoso. These campaigns targeted leaders like María Elena Moyano, who was a prominent figure in the Federation of Women of Villa El Salvador. The actions were part of a …
In January 1992, the province of Huaura in Lima, Peru, was declared in a state of emergency due to the presence of subversive groups like Sendero Luminoso and MRTA. The region experienced numerous attacks, with 126 actions recorded from January 1991 to June 1992. The state of emergency was extended …
Colonel Manuel Tumba Ortega, a high-ranking officer in the Peruvian police force, was assassinated in 1992. He had been involved in anti-terrorism efforts against the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path. The decision for his assassination was made by the party's regional leadership in Lima.
In 1992 there was an attack against a police detachment in the provinces of Acobamba or Angaraes, in the department of Huancavelica. The attack resulted in the death of 4 policemen. This event occurred in the context of the end of violence in the area, shortly before the capture of …
In 1992, several leaders of the Sendero Luminoso, including Yovanka Pardavé Trujillo, Tito Valle Travesaño, and Elvia Nila Zanabria Pacheco, died under violent circumstances. The necropsy reports indicate that their deaths were caused by gunshot wounds and explosive devices. These individuals were part of the central committee of Sendero Luminoso, …
A powerful bus-bomb was launched against the facade of the Villa El Salvador municipality, destroying part of it, the police station, the Popular Communication Center and dozens of neighboring houses. The attack occurred in the context of the PCP-SL's escalation of violence in the district, after the assassination of María …
A female declarant narrates what happened during the interrogation to which she was subjected at the Comas Police Station, where she was subjected to groping, attempted rape and forced nudity in 1992. The victim said: "they began to grope me, to touch me, to try to rape me, to try …
Magdalena Monteza Benavides was a victim of rape in 1992 at the headquarters of the First Division of Special Forces of the Army located in the district of Chorrillos. This case had great resonance at national level. The CVR report makes specific reference to this case indicating that there is …
In 1992, at the FAP Base in Lima, sexual violence occurred against a female detainee. The affiant was detained on November 18, 1992 in the district of Magdalena, Lima. The rape occurred later at the FAP Base. This case is part of the pattern of sexual violence documented by the …
A woman was arrested by personnel from the 28th of July Police Station in 1992. The detention occurred in the district of Villa El Salvador, province and department of Lima. This case is part of a documented pattern of sexual violence against women detained by police forces during the internal …
Joselito Monteza, brother of María Magdalena Monteza Benavides, was arrested in 1992 on terrorism charges. Joselito's arrest preceded the arrest of his sister Magdalena on October 30, 1992. Magdalena had arrived in Lima in 1990 and lived with her brother in Chosica until 1992, when Joselito was arrested. This arrest …
In 1992, San Juan de Lurigancho became a significant operational center for the terrorist group Sendero Luminoso. Ana Carolina Lira, a police officer stationed in Lima's prisons, observed many former inmates, associated with Sendero Luminoso, freely walking in her neighborhood. Despite the threats and violence associated with the group, Lira …
The capture of Abimael Guzmán in Lima marked a significant turning point in the Peruvian conflict involving the PCP Sendero Luminoso. This event symbolized the decline of the insurgent group's influence, as it was one of the last major acts of violence during this period. The capture was part of …
In 1992, the Maoist organization Sendero Luminoso intensified its presence in Lima, particularly in areas like Villa El Salvador. They aimed to demonstrate the inefficiency of peaceful social change strategies and to radicalize popular struggles against the state. The organization orchestrated armed strikes, combining various forms of agitation and violence …
In 1992, key leaders of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) were captured by special police units in Lima, significantly weakening the group's leadership. On April 9, 1992, Peter Cárdenas Schulte was captured by the Brigada Especial de Detectives (BREDET), followed by the recapture of Víctor Polay on June 9, …
In 1992, María Elena Pacheco was detained and subjected to physical and psychological abuse by police personnel at DINCOTE in Lima, Peru. She reported being manhandled and forced to pass through a 'dark alley' where police officers would grope her in an attempt to break her morale and coerce a …
In 1992, the capture of Abimael Guzmán, the leader of the Shining Path (PCP-SL), along with the organization's leadership in Lima, marked a significant turning point in the internal conflict in Peru. This event led to the disarticulation of the Shining Path and paved the way for peace agreements between …
The La Cantuta massacre involved the execution and disappearance of nine students and a professor from La Cantuta University in Lima. This event occurred in the context of Peru's internal conflict and was a significant example of human rights violations involving paramilitary and subversive groups. The incident highlighted the involvement …
In 1992, female inmates at the Penal de Chorrillos in Lima, Peru, reported being coerced into sexual relationships with prison officials in exchange for better living conditions and privileges. The testimonies reveal that women were threatened with harsher conditions if they refused to comply. Some inmates accepted these terms to …
An MRTA commando killed Andres Sosa, former leader of Patria Libre, as he was about to get into a public vehicle in Villa El Salvador. The attack was perpetrated by members of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement as part of their violent actions during that period. Sosa was a former …
Andrés Sosa, former leader of Patria Libre, was assassinated by a commando of the MRTA (Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru) on January 25, 1992. This assassination occurred in the context of the intensification of political violence in Metropolitan Lima, during the period of greatest subversive activity in the capital. It occurred …
During February 1992, the PCP-SL intensified its attacks against popular leaders, local authorities and ronderos in Lima. Among the targets were leaders of the Bocanegra human settlement and the mayor of Comas, Humberto Paredes. The most emblematic case was the assassination of María Elena Moyano Delgado on February 15, who …
The Peruvian judicial system faced significant inefficiencies in the late 1980s and early 1990s, particularly in handling terrorism-related cases. Despite the enactment of Law N° 25031 in June 1989, which aimed to streamline the judicial process for terrorism offenses, by February 1992, only two specialized judges were appointed in Lima …
On February 6, 1992, four murders took place in Comas, attributed to paramilitary groups. This event occurred in a context of intense violence in the Northern Zone of Lima, where subversive groups as well as law enforcement and paramilitary groups were operating simultaneously. The murders were part of what many …
February 9, 1992 marked a turning point in Villa El Salvador. Four days after the Huarcaya victory, there was an emergency meeting in the Industrial Park to discuss the situation. The PCP-SL had decreed an armed strike in Lima for the following day, February 14. At this meeting, María Elena …
On February 14, 1992, the Shining Path PCP called an armed strike in Lima during which 25 attacks were carried out. Among these attacks was the blowing up of a truck. During these armed strikes, the PCP-SL assassinated cab drivers to sow terror in that sector of the transport sector. …
On February 14, 1992, the day the Shining Path PCP called an armed strike, María Elena Moyano, president of the Women's Federation (FEPOMUVES), called a March for Peace in Villa El Salvador. This march was an act of direct resistance against Shining Path violence in the district. During that same …
On February 14, 1992, a package of 500 grams of dynamite was placed at the door of the house of the former mayor of the district of Villa El Salvador, Michel Azcueta. This attack occurred on the same day that the PCP-SL had decreed an armed strike in Lima, and …
The People's Revolutionary Democratic Movement, a city-based organization of the PCP-SL, called for an armed strike throughout Lima on February 14. The strike was unsuccessful in the capital, however, several attacks were carried out during the day. This action was part of the intensification of attacks by the PCP-SL against …
On February 14, 1992, the seventh armed strike called by the PCP-SL took place. This strike was preceded by a week of violent actions that began on February 7, including the explosion of a bomb at SUNAT, a car bomb at the U.S. Embassy, and the brutal assassination of neighborhood …
María Elena Moyano Delgado, leader of the Popular Federation of Women of Villa El Salvador and deputy mayor of the district, was assassinated on February 15, 1992. The assassination occurred in a context of intensified attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against popular leaders and local authorities. Days earlier, on February …
María Elena was assassinated during a fundraising event in Lima, Peru. Armed individuals targeted her, and after being shot, her body was rigged with explosives, resulting in a devastating explosion. The attack left several attendees injured and caused chaos and confusion among the survivors.
On February 25, 1992, a military base was established in the communal premises of the Juan Pablo II human settlement, located in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima. This occurred in a context of intensifying political violence in the Peruvian capital. Days earlier, on February 15, María Elena …
On March 10, 1992, a commando patrol of the Peruvian Army from Lima entered the hamlet of Bambú and killed everyone working in the harvest. Antonio Bazán Isminio had hired twelve people to help him harvest cocoa and bananas. The murders were committed in retaliation for the deaths of some …
On March 22, members of the SIE kidnapped Mariela Barreto Riofano. Her dismembered body, showing signs of torture, was discovered on March 24 near kilometer 25 of the road to Canta in Lima. This event, along with the torture of her colleague Leonor La Rosa Bustamante, led to political repercussions …
On March 31, 1992, Ana Carolina Lira Chupingahua's husband was murdered in Lima. According to Ana Carolina's testimony, her husband accompanied her two blocks to the bus stop, without foreseeing what would happen. This case is mentioned in the context of victims among the forces of law and order during …
On the morning of March 31, 1992, Ana Lira was assassinated in San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima, Peru. As she attempted to board public transport, she was shot in the back and subsequently killed by multiple gunshots, including a final shot to the head. Her husband, Efrén Poémape, witnessed the …
Armed confrontation between soldiers of the Peruvian Army and Shining Path supporters in Raucana, district of Ate Vitarte. Raucana represented the largest organizational experiment of the PCP-SL in Lima, constituted as an 'Open Popular Committee' in the heart of Ate Vitarte. The inhabitants came mainly from El Agustino and Andahuaylas, …
The Barrios Altos massacre involved the killing of several individuals in a district of Lima, Peru, and was linked to anti-terrorism operations by state forces. Following the massacre, a commission was formed by the Senate to investigate the incident. However, the investigation was halted when President Alberto Fujimori dissolved the …
A female affiant was arrested by police officers on April 5, 1992 in the district of Barranco, Lima. During her detention, she was the victim of sexual violence and groping by the officers. A captain offered her her freedom in exchange for agreeing to be with him, telling her: 'you …
Peter Cárdenas Schulte, leader of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA), was captured by law enforcement officials in Lima. He was subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment under Law 25475, anti-terrorist legislation that had not yet been enacted at the time of his capture. This capture was part of a series …
On April 21, 1992, the ad hoc commission of the Organization of American States (OAS) arrived in Lima and began interviews with representatives of the different political forces. This commission was sent after the meeting of OAS foreign ministers in Washington on April 13, where it was decided to "deplore" …
Decree Law No. 25446 was enacted, dismissing 133 magistrates of the Judicial Districts of Lima and Callao, including 33 Justices of the Superior Courts of Lima, 8 of Callao, 6 Superior Prosecutors of Lima, 47 Judges of Lima, 29 of Callao and 10 Juvenile Judges of Lima. It also ordered …
In May 1992, a violent riot occurred at Castro Castro Prison in Lima, Peru, resulting in the deaths of numerous inmates. Official reports stated that 35 prisoners were killed, but other sources claimed the number was as high as 80. The incident marked a turning point in President Alberto Fujimori's …
In May 1992, subversive activities by the PCP Sendero Luminoso were still ongoing in regions like San Pedro, Canchis, where incidents such as the assassination of four authorities, the burning of the municipality, and the destruction of two buses were reported. Despite these activities, the influence of the PCP Sendero …
On May 7, 1992, a violent incident occurred at the Castro-Castro Prison in Lima, Peru. The attack involved heavy gunfire and the use of grenades, resulting in multiple casualties. The event was part of a larger conflict involving Peruvian military and police forces.
A declarant was detained on May 10, 1992 in the district of Los Olivos, province and department of Lima. The testimony is part of the cases documented by the CVR related to detentions during the internal armed conflict. The detention occurred in the context of law enforcement operations during the …
On May 11, 1992, a forensic investigation was conducted in the male and female pavilions of a prison in Lima, Peru, following a violent incident. The investigation revealed significant material damage from firearms and explosions, and uncovered a mass grave containing five bodies, along with a sixth body found elsewhere. …
On May 29, 1992, the eighth armed strike called by the PCP-SL took place, this time concentrated in the area of Canto Grande in Lima.
On June 3, 1992, police forces launched an aggressive attack on Pabellón 4-B, a section of a prison in Lima, Peru. The assault involved the use of grenades, heavy weaponry, and psychological tactics against the inmates, resulting in the death of Ignacio Guizado Talaverano and numerous injuries. Despite attempts at …
Shining Path caused a "truck bomb" to explode in front of Canal 2, destroying its facilities and killing three people. This attack was part of the PCP-SL's terror offensive against the city of Lima.
A truck bomb explodes in front of Canal 2, destroying its facilities and killing three canal workers. This attack is part of the campaign of urban violence carried out by subversive groups in Lima during this period.
On June 5, 1992, a PCP-Sendero Luminoso truck bomb exploded in front of the Channel 2 facilities in Lima. The explosion completely destroyed the television channel's facilities and caused the death of three channel workers. This attack was part of the PCP-SL's escalation of violence in Lima during the period …
Victor Polay Campos, leader of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) known by the pseudonym 'comrade Rolando', was recaptured by law enforcement officials in the district of San Borja, Lima. This capture occurred almost two years after his spectacular escape from Castro Castro prison on July 9, 1990, when he …
Disappearance of journalist Pedro Yauri in Huaura, Lima. The case is attributed to the Colina Group, although the perpetrator has not yet been clearly identified.
Terrorist car bomb attack on Tarata Street, the most serious car bomb attack carried out by Shining Path in Lima. Through these attacks, the Shining Path accelerated its offensive on the capital while calculating the possibility of a U.S. intervention that would unleash a war of national liberation in the …
The Tarata bombing was a terrorist attack carried out by the Maoist guerrilla group Sendero Luminoso in July 1992 in Lima, Peru. It was one of the deadliest attacks in the capital, involving a car bomb that resulted in significant casualties and damage. This attack was part of a broader …
On July 3, 1992, a woman was arrested in the Urbanización San Felipe, located in the district of Comas, Lima. The detention was carried out by law enforcement forces in the context of the Peruvian internal armed conflict. This case is part of the testimonies documented by the CVR about …
Businessman Raul Hiraoka Torres was kidnapped by members of the MRTA on July 9, 1992 as he was leaving his home in San Isidro. He was held captive in three different properties in Lima (Santa Anita, Urbanización Aurora in Surquillo, and Calle Vesalio in San Borja) for more than a …
On July 16, 1992, the Shining Path (PCP-SL) orchestrated a car bombing on Tarata Street in the Miraflores district of Lima, Peru. The attack involved a Datsun vehicle loaded with approximately 400 kilos of dynamite and ANFO, which exploded at around 9:20 PM, causing significant destruction to residential buildings. This …
On July 16, 1992, a car bomb exploded on Tarata Street in the Miraflores district of Lima, Peru, killing 20 people and injuring 132. This attack was part of a series of violent actions carried out by the Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) as part of their campaign to destabilize the …
Car bomb attack perpetrated on Tarata Street in the Miraflores district of Lima. This attack was part of the escalation of violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso during 1992, a year in which the subversive organization intensified its terrorist actions in the capital. The attack occurred a little more than a …
On July 16, 1992, a car bomb exploded on Tarata Street in the Miraflores district of Lima. This attack occurred in a context of intensifying violence in the capital, where the subversive groups Sendero Luminoso and MRTA increased their actions by carrying out continuous attacks against public and private entities. …
The Tarata attack occurred on July 16, 1992 in Lima. According to the CVR report, this attack was part of a wave of Shining Path violence that culminated after the police intervention in the Canto Grande prison between June 6 and 9, 1992, which resulted in the assassination of prominent …
On July 16, 1992, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso detonated a car bomb on Tarata Street, in the heart of the residential district of Miraflores in Lima. This action was part of the Shining Path's strategy of "sounding board" and "strategic balance" that sought to demonstrate their ability to strike even in …
On 16 July 1992, a devastating car bomb exploded on Tarata Street in the commercial center of Miraflores, Lima, Peru. The attack, orchestrated by the Shining Path (PCP-SL), resulted in the deaths of 23 people and injured over 100 others. This event was part of a broader campaign of violence …
On July 16, 1992, the Shining Path PCP detonated a car bomb on Tarata Street, causing fire, destruction and death of people who were peacefully in the apparent safety of their homes. This was the most visible and dramatic event of the period of high violence in Lima. The attack …
The explosion of a car bomb in the center of Miraflores, Tarata street, shocked the country. During the week, there were other attacks in different areas of Lima, including a call for an armed strike in the capital. All this would mean a pre-insurrectional rehearsal in Lima, according to the …
On July 18, 1992, students from the Enrique Guzmán y Valle National University of Education, known as La Cantuta, disappeared. This event occurred in a context of intensifying political violence in the country, a few months after the self-coup of April 5, 1992. The disappearance occurred during the period of …
On July 18, 1992, the Colina group perpetrated the disappearance of nine students and a professor from the Enrique Guzmán y Valle "La Cantuta" University. The victims were later murdered and their bodies dismembered. This case became one of the most brutal acts committed by the Colina group during 1992, …
The "armed strike" of the Shining Path in Lima on July 22 and 23 left a tragic toll of 8 dead, 38 wounded, 5 car bombs, 13 urban transport vehicles set on fire and 23 explosive devices. This armed strike was successful and consolidated the image of "Shining Path" in …
A woman was arrested on July 23, 1992 in the district of San Martin de Porres, Lima. During her detention, she was subjected to sexual violence with objects by security personnel. The affiant reported that the fact that she had soiled her underwear due to menstruation saved her from possible …
On July 23, 1992, an individual was detained in the district of San Martín de Porres, Lima, Peru. The detainee reported experiencing severe abuse, including attempted sexual violence, during their detention at the DINCOTE. The incident highlights the human rights violations occurring in Peru during this period.
On July 23, 1992, the ninth armed strike called by the PCP-SL took place. The actions began on July 16 with the car bomb that exploded in Tarata de Miraflores and harassment in different police stations, maintaining a much higher intensity than in February until the very day of the …
The declarant was arrested on July 23, 1992 in the district of San Martin de Porres, Lima. During her detention, she was the victim of sexual violence and other abuses. The case is part of a documented pattern of sexual violence against women detained during the internal armed conflict. Testimonies …
On the night of 27 July 1992, Samuel Dyer Ampudia was detained at the Jorge Chávez Airport in Lima, Peru, while attempting to board a flight to Miami. The detention was carried out by Major PNP Migdonio Torres Aliaga under orders from Colonel PNP Víctor Arcila Dupp, despite Dyer having …
Juan Andahua Vergara was Secretary of Organization of the CGTP, Secretary General of the National Federation of Workers of Beverages and Soft Drinks and Secretary of Organization of the Coca Cola Workers Union. He was assassinated on August 3, 1992 in Lima. According to the report, he was allegedly murdered …
Hory Chlimper was kidnapped and held for seven months in harsh conditions that affected his physical health. He was released on August 4, 1992, after his family complied with the kidnappers' demands, which included distributing food in Lima's poor neighborhoods and paying a large sum of money. The kidnapping was …
The Judge of the 14th Preliminary Examining Court of Lima, despite admitting that Castillo Paez had been arrested by members of the Police, issued a resolution ordering the dismissal of the investigation with respect to the defendants in relation to the crime of abuse of authority, for not having been …
The Sixth Convention of CUAVES was marked by significant political tension as the municipal government accused the CUAVES leadership of collusion with the PCP-SL. Despite losing its central role, CUAVES remained symbolically important, and its takeover by PCP-SL demonstrated the group's growing influence in VES and across Lima. This event …
David Armando Ballón Vera, a prominent mining engineer and businessman, was kidnapped and subsequently murdered by members of the MRTA on 11 September 1992. The incident occurred while he was driving his vehicle in the district of Surquillo, Lima. The assailants used an ambulance to intercept his vehicle, forcibly removed …
The Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) of the DINCOTE captured Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, maximum leader of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, together with the party's top leadership, in a residence located in the district of Surquillo. This capture marked a decisive turning point in the internal armed conflict, since after it the actions …
Capture in Lima of Abimael Guzmán Reinoso and some of the main leaders of the Shining Path PCP by the GEIN (Special Intelligence Group). This capture marked the end of the stage of extreme crisis and the beginning of the decline of subversive action. The subsequent scenario was marked by …
The capture of Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, leader of the Shining Path PCP, was carried out by the Directorate Against Terrorism (DIRCOTE) after a thorough intelligence work. This event occurred at the height of the violence in Lima, after the Tarata Street bombing on July 16, 1992. The capture of Guzman …
On September 12, 1992, Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, top leader of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL), was captured along with other members of the Central Committee of the subversive organization. This operation represented a decisive blow against the leadership of the PCP-SL. The capture took place in …
On September 12, 1992, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) of the DINCOTE captured Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, maximum leader of the PCP-SL, together with the party's top leadership, in a residence located in the district of Surquillo. This capture marked a decisive turning point in the internal armed conflict, since after …
Martha Huatay was a lawyer who assumed the leadership of Socorro Popular (SoPo), an organization of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso with a very complex structure that, after its militarization in 1986, came to displace the Metropolitan Committee in importance. Socorro Popular acted almost always through its 'gray' or 'front' organizations, such …
Martha Huatay Ruiz, head of Socorro Popular and member of the Metropolitan Lima Committee of the PCP-SL, was captured. Her capture is part of the disarticulation of the Shining Path structure in Lima after the capture of Abimael Guzman.
María Magdalena Monteza Benavides, a 19-year-old sociology student, was arbitrarily detained on October 30, 1992 at noon by members of the Intelligence Department of the 1st Division of the Army Special Forces, led by Lieutenant Colonel Julio Rodríguez Córdova (who identified himself as César Infantas Cortijo). The arrest was carried …
Members of the PCP-SL assassinated Colonel Manuel Ortega Tumba, head of the Administrative Department of the DINCOTE, in Surquillo, Lima, shooting him in the back. This assassination represents a reprisal by the Shining Path against the police after the capture of Abimael Guzmán.
The declarant was detained on November 18, 1992 in the district of Magdalena, Lima. This case is part of the testimonies compiled by the CVR on detentions during the internal armed conflict. The detention occurred in the context of operations against subversion in the capital during 1992. The testimony documents …
The San Andrés parish was founded in Huaycán, a name suggested by Father Tadeo Passini and accepted by Cardinal Augusto Vargas Alzamora, then Archbishop of Lima. On this basis, the parish complex was built, which included a series of services, a library and a radio station. That same year, concerned …
On November 26, 1992, the Peruvian government under President Alberto Fujimori enacted decree law 25880, which criminalized the act of teachers making an apology for terrorism. This law targeted educators accused of promoting the ideology of the Shining Path (PCP-SL) in schools, particularly in Lima. The law led to a …
Pedro Huilca was assassinated in December 1992, probably by members of the paramilitary group Colina. The assassination occurred in a context of intensifying violence in Lima, particularly in the popular cones, where the transfer of the "dirty war" from the countryside to the city was being denounced. This crime took …
Pedro Huilca Tecse, General Secretary of the CGTP (General Confederation of Peruvian Workers), was assassinated on December 18, 1992 in Lima. It was initially assumed that the PCP-SL (Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path) was responsible. This assassination was part of a series of attacks against union leaders during …
Pedro Huilca, General Secretary of the CGTP (General Confederation of Peruvian Workers), was assassinated on December 18, 1992. This crime occurred in a context of extreme violence in Lima, where the subversive groups Sendero Luminoso and MRTA had intensified their terrorist actions. Huilca's murder was part of a series of …
Cases of sexual violence were recorded at the Las Palmas Military Base in 1993. A declarant was detained on May 17, 1993 in the district of Los Olivos, province and department of Lima. The acts of sexual violence occurred later that year at the Las Palmas Military Base. This case …
In 1993, several incidents involving the MRTA (Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement) occurred in Lima, Peru. These included the capture of six MRTA members on February 26, a failed kidnapping attempt on March 29, and multiple attacks on businessmen throughout the year. Notably, on July 9, businessman Raúl Hiraoka Torres was …
In 1993, multiple states of emergency were declared across various departments in Peru, including Huánuco, San Martín, Lima, and others. These declarations were made under the 1993 Constitution, specifically restricting certain rights as outlined in article 2. The states of emergency were declared multiple times in response to ongoing security …
In 1993, several individuals were detained in various districts of Lima, including San Martín de Porres and Comas. These detainees were subsequently transferred to the DINCOTE, a facility associated with the Peruvian intelligence services, where significant events took place. The detentions were part of broader security measures during a period …
In 1993, an individual was detained in the Agustino district of Lima by DINCOTE. During his detention, he was subjected to torture, including being placed on a metal bed with electricity cables and sprayed with water. This event is part of a broader pattern of torture allegations in Peru during …
In 1993, detainees at the DINCOTE in Lima were subjected to severe torture, including simulated drowning and sexual violence. Victims were taken to the beach, threatened with drowning, and forced to self-incriminate under duress. Both men and women reported being sexually assaulted as a form of torture, with threats and …
During 1993, in the district of Comas, Lima, there were multiple cases of arbitrary detention accompanied by sexual violence and torture by police officers. One witness reported that during her interrogation at the Comas police station in 1992, she was subjected to groping, attempted rape and forced nudity. Another witness …
In 1993, in the Las Palmas Military Base located in the district of Surco, Lima, there were cases of rape against women detainees. A declarant testified before the CVR about the case of two women who were detained together with her and who were raped by military personnel in that …
A woman testifies that during her detention in 1993 she was subjected to sexual violence in the San Isidro district of Lima. The testimony is part of the numerous cases of rape documented by the CVR that occurred during the period of political violence in Peru. This case is mentioned …
A declarant was arrested in the district of Lima on January 6, 1993 and taken to the DINCOTE premises. During her detention she was subjected to sexual violence and torture. The testimony is part of a systematic pattern of sexual violations that occurred in DINCOTE facilities during the internal armed …
Maria de la Cruz Pari, 20 years old, was detained by the PIP along with twelve people accused of belonging to the special detachment of the People's Guerrilla Army of People's Relief of the Shining Path in February 1993. A report from the Congress of the Republic specified that Maria …
Maria de la Cruz Pari, 20 years old, was detained by the PIP along with twelve people accused of belonging to the special detachment of the People's Guerrilla Army of People's Relief of the Shining Path in February 1993. A report from the Congress of the Republic specified that Maria …
On January 24, 1993, members of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) kidnapped mining businessman David Vera Ballón. This kidnapping took place in a context of intense subversive activity in Metropolitan Lima, although already after the capture of Abimael Guzmán in September 1992. The kidnapping of the mining businessman was …
The declarant was arrested for the second time at her home in the district of Villa El Salvador, province and department of Lima, on January 31, 1993. This arrest occurred in the context of prior surveillance and harassment by law enforcement officials. During the monitoring prior to the arrest, the …
Maria de la Cruz Pari, 20 years old, was arrested by the PIP along with twelve people accused of belonging to the special detachment of the People's Guerrilla Army of People's Relief of the Shining Path in February 1993. A report from the Congress of the Republic specified that Maria …
Milagro Flor Túpac Gonzáles, a Social Work student, was taken from her home in the early morning of February 12, 1993 by a group of hooded men. Her whereabouts were never known, despite her father's efforts to locate her. Her father went to all police and military offices, filed complaints …
On February 20, 1993, María Magdalena Monteza Benavides made a statement at the Lima police station. During this statement, she denounced having been subjected to physical and psychological torture, including rape, by members of the Peruvian Army during her detention on October 30, 1992. This statement was made in the …
On February 23, 1993, members of the MRTA assassinated David Ballón Vera, a mining businessman, after he was kidnapped on September 11, 1992, in San Miguel, Lima. The assassination occurred due to a failure to reach an agreement on the ransom amount. This incident marked the first time the MRTA …
Members of the MRTA assassinated mining businessman David Ballón Vera. Ballón Vera had been kidnapped in the middle of the street in the district of San Miguel, Lima, on September 11, 1992. When they did not reach an agreement on the amount to be paid for the ransom, they murdered …
David Ballón was kidnapped by members of the MRTA while driving in Surquillo, Lima. The kidnappers demanded a ransom from his family, but negotiations failed. Five months after his abduction, Ballón was tortured and murdered, and his body was found in San Miguel, Lima.
On April 17, 1993, Rafael Salgado Castilla and Gladis Carol Espinoza Gonzáles were detained by the National Police's Division of Investigation of Kidnappings (DIVISE) in Lima, Peru. The operation, led by Commander Filomeno Héctor Enciso Alvarado, aimed to capture the kidnappers of businessman Antonio Furukawa Obara. During the intervention, Salgado …
On April 20, 1993, in a tense session, General EP Hermoza Ríos exposed the institutional disclaimers of the Armed Forces before the members of the Human Rights Commission of the CCD. The following day, in an attitude of defiance and intimidation, he led an unusual and unprecedented parade of tanks …
On April 22, 1993, Pedro Miyasato, a glassware businessman, was violently kidnapped by members of the MRTA while on his way to work in La Victoria, Lima. Despite attempts by bystanders to intervene, the subversives fired shots to deter them. Miyasato was tortured during the abduction and, after attempting to …
In 1993, an individual was detained in the district of Los Olivos, Lima, and subsequently taken to the Las Palmas Military Base. This event is part of a series of detentions and human rights concerns documented during this period in Peru.
A woman was arrested on May 17, 1993 in the district of Los Olivos, Lima. During her detention she was the victim of sexual violence by State agents. The case is part of a systematic pattern of sexual violence against women detained during the internal armed conflict. The affiant used …
In Cieneguilla, Lima, four graves with human remains were found thanks to a report made to the weekly Sí. The complainants do not identify themselves and assure the editor of the weekly, Ricardo Uceda Perez, that the remains belong to the nine students and a professor of the National University …
On July 8, 1993, the magazine Revista Sí published a report revealing the discovery of human remains in Cieneguilla, Lima. The remains, believed to belong to missing students and a professor, were found in a ravine and included charred and sectioned bones and personal effects. The discovery led to accusations …
The La Cantuta massacre involved the murder of nine students and a professor from the Universidad La Cantuta, with their bodies discovered on 12 July 1993 in Cieneguilla, Lima. Investigations led by journalists like Ricardo Uceda faced significant challenges, including threats and lack of cooperation from authorities. The event highlighted …
Mrs. Huertas was arrested in August 1993 in Lima. During her detention, she was taken to DINCOTE where she suffered sexual violence. She was pardoned in December 2000, after being detained for more than seven years. The case of Mrs. Huertas is mentioned in the context of testimonies of sexual …
A group of twenty-four families returned to Uchuraccay after almost a decade of absence. This return was possible after months of coordination promoted by Elías Ccente, with the support of the National Evangelical Council of Peru. The community had been totally depopulated due to repeated attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, …
On October 10, 1993, twenty-four families returned to Uchuraccay after a long period of absence, uprooting and diaspora. The community had ceased to exist in mid-1984 when the surviving families fled to nearby communities and towns in the highlands and jungle of Ayacucho, as well as to the cities of …
During the early hours of October 15, 1993, the National Police searched several properties used by the MRTA. In the Aurora Urbanization in Surquillo, they arrested Fortunata Leyva Quispe, Jaime Sebastián Castillo Petruzzi, Heber Celso Oliva Zelada (Chileans), Segundo Nemesio Alva Marín and the 15-year-old minor Juan Llacta Sacha. In …
In an operation, businessman Raul Hiraoka Torres, kidnapped by members of the MRTA, was freed while being held captive in a house in Lima, known as the people's prison. The Chileans Castillo Petruzzi, Pincheira Sáez, Mellado Saavedra and Astorga Valdez were captured in the operation.
In 1994, a detainee in Lima was subjected to inhumane conditions and torture at the facilities of the DINCOTE. The individual was kept in a small, dark cell with a foul smell and no proper place to rest, enduring several days without adequate food or water. This event highlights the …
Samuel Dyer, a businessman, was wrongfully implicated in a drug trafficking case in Peru. Despite a lack of evidence, he was included in a judicial report as a potential financier of illicit operations. After seeking refuge in embassies and eventually relocating to Miami, he returned to Lima in 1994 to …
The first phase of Operation Aries was executed between April and May 1994 on the left bank of the Huallaga River, specifically in the areas known as Bolsón Cuchara and Bolsón Primavera. The operation began on April 5, 1994 with the objective of dismantling the Shining Path contingents that were …
The PCP-SL called an armed strike for May 17 and 18, 1994 in Metropolitan Lima. This action was part of the subversive modality of armed strikes that the PCP-SL had developed since 1989 as part of its strategy of strategic balance. On this specific occasion, the PCP-SL mixed threats with …
Alberto Andrade Carmona was elected as the mayor of Lima, with the municipal council composed of twenty councilors from Somos Lima and nineteen from C90-NM. In the Callao region, Alex Kouri Buchamar, from the independent movement Chim Pum Callao, defeated the official candidate Kurt Woll Muller. Following the election results, …
Margie Clavo, an important Shining Path leader and member of the Central Emergency Committee of the PCP-SL, was captured on March 23, 1995. This capture took place in the context of the progressive weakening of the PCP-SL after the arrest of Abimael Guzmán in September 1992. Clavo was part of …
On April 7, 1995, the 41st Provincial Criminal Prosecutor's Office of Lima formally charged several military agents, including General Julio Salazar Monroe, for their alleged involvement in the Barrios Altos massacre. The charges were based on media investigations and reasonable evidence of their participation in the murder and injury of …
Alberto Fujimori won his presidential re-election on April 9, 1995. This reelection occurs in a context of declining subversive violence after the capture of Abimael Guzmán in 1992 and the weakening of the PCP-SL and MRTA. Fujimori's electoral triumph comes after the implementation of counter-subversive policies and anti-terrorist legislation that …
On April 18, 1995, the judge of the 16th Criminal Court of Lima, Dr. Antonia Saquicuray, admitted the denunciation of the Provincial Prosecutor and opened an investigation against General EP Julio Salazar Monroe and others accused for the crimes of murder and injuries in the Barrios Altos massacre. The judge …
The 44th Provincial Criminal Prosecutor's Office of Lima issued a resolution on May 2, 1995 regarding the complaint of rape filed by María Magdalena Monteza Benavides against military personnel. The resolution closed the investigation, considering that the military jurisdiction was not competent to hear the crime of rape since it …
On June 16, 1995, Judge Antonia Saquicuray of the Sixteenth Specialized Criminal Court in Lima requested the military to present four members of the 'Colina Group' to her court as detainees. This action followed the court's declaration of the inapplicability of Article 1 of Law 26479, which granted general amnesty …
On June 20, 1995, the Consejo de Guerra in Lima resolved to apply the Amnesty Law No. 26479 to a case involving military personnel accused of crimes against life, body, and health. The decision nullified a previous resolution that had declared the law inapplicable, thereby protecting individuals such as Santiago …
In March 1984, Vargas Giraldés and Campos Chira claimed double jeopardy, arguing that the Supreme Council of Military Justice had already judged and sentenced them for the same acts. On 31 October 1995, the 1st Criminal Chamber of the Superior Court of Lima upheld this claim, leading to the definitive …
Alberto Andrade was elected Mayor of Lima in November 1995, in a context following the capture of Abimael Guzmán in 1992 and during the period of declining subversive violence in the capital. His election followed Alberto Fujimori's presidential reelection in April 1995. Andrade would later be reelected as Mayor of …
In the municipal elections, Alberto Andrade Carmona wins the mayoralty of Lima with 52% of the votes. His victory represents a triumph of independent movements over the ruling party.
Miguel Rincón Rincón, an important member of the MRTA (Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru) leadership, was arrested on November 30, 1995. This capture represented another resounding blow to the MRTA, which had already suffered the arrest of other important leaders such as Víctor Polay Campos in 1992. Rincón Rincón's arrest took …
A woman was detained at DINCOTE (Dirección Nacional contra el Terrorismo) in Lima during 1996. During her detention, the affiant suffered violations of her dignity and status as a woman, terms frequently used by victims to refer to rape without explicitly mentioning it. This case is part of a documented …
In 1996, the Sala Penal Especial de Lima issued sentences in two significant cases. On April 20, 1996, Edgar Efraín Lozano Lozano, Martha Huatay Ruiz, and Osman Morote Barrionuevo were sentenced to 25 years in prison for crimes against public tranquility. Later, on July 31, 1996, Víctor Hugo Castillo Mezzich …
In 1996, during the presidency of Alberto Fujimori, a military operation was planned to rescue hostages held at the Japanese embassy in Lima, Peru. The operation, known as 'Nipón 96', involved the creation of a Tactical Operations Center and the training of a specialized unit called 'Patrulla Tenaz'. The plan …
In 1996, native communities in Peru, such as Cachingarani and Maxomiñiari, faced displacement due to conflicts and instability. Many people moved to urban areas like Huancayo and Lima for safety, while older residents often remained in their original locations. The displaced communities encountered challenges in health, education, and territorial rights …
Assault on the Japanese ambassador's residence in Lima by an MRTA commando led by its top leader Néstor Cerpa, who held 72 hostages captive. The assault ended with the rescue operation Chavín de Huántar. The government used the celebrations for the successful release of the hostages to legitimize itself after …
On December 17, 1996, 14 members of the MRTA took over the Japanese ambassador's residence in Lima, taking several dozen hostages. After several days, the Peruvian forces retook the residence, resulting in the deaths of the assailants. This event marked a significant blow to the MRTA's operational capabilities.
The national leadership of the MRTA decided that a group of members of its forces in the central jungle, weakened by confrontations with the Army, would carry out a major national operation aimed at freeing its prisoners. After several months of intense preparation, on December 17, 1996, 14 MRTA militants …
On December 17, 1996, members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) executed a military-style operation to seize the Japanese Ambassador's residence in Lima, Peru. The operation aimed to free imprisoned MRTA militants. The crisis ended with the deaths of all 14 MRTA members during a rescue operation by state …
The National Directorate of the MRTA made the decision to execute a commando-type military action in the city of Lima with the objective of freeing its militants. A little more than a dozen members of the MRTA special forces, operating in the central jungle, were intensively trained for several months …
In March 1997, the MRTA hostage crisis in Lima, Peru, reached a critical point as Néstor Cerpa Cartolini rejected asylum options and demanded the release of his comrades. Japanese Vice President Masahiko Komura visited Lima to urge President Alberto Fujimori to expedite a peaceful resolution. The crisis, marked by stalled …
On 14 March 1997, 37 minors detained at the Centro Juvenil de Diagnóstico y Rehabilitación de Lima, known as 'Maranguita', were arbitrarily transferred to the Establecimiento Penitenciario de Sentenciados Adultos de Quencoro in Cusco. This transfer separated them from their families, lawyers, and judges, and exposed them to harsh conditions …
On March 22, members of the SIE kidnap SIE agent Mariela Barreto Riofano. On March 24, her dismembered body with signs of torture is found at kilometer 25 on the road to Canta (Lima). Her murder is linked to Leonor La Rosa's denunciations of irregular activities in the intelligence services.
The Operativo Chavín de Huántar was a military operation carried out by the Peruvian government to rescue hostages held by the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) at the Japanese ambassador's residence in Lima. President Alberto Fujimori highlighted the roles of General Hermoza and Vladimiro Montesinos in the operation's execution and …
The Operation Chavín de Huantar was a military operation that took place in Lima, Peru, to rescue 72 hostages held by the MRTA at the Japanese ambassador's residence. The operation lasted 126 days, culminating in a successful rescue mission by Peruvian armed forces. All 14 MRTA members involved in the …
On December 17, 1996, a commando of 14 MRTA members stormed the Japanese ambassador's residence, holding 74 hostages for several months. The crisis ended on April 22, 1997 with a military intervention that resulted in 17 fatalities: Supreme Court member Carlos Giusti, two army officers and the 14 emerretistas who …
On April 22, 1997, Peruvian Armed Forces stormed the Japanese ambassador's residence in Lima, where members of the MRTA had held 72 hostages for 126 days. The military intervention resulted in the deaths of all the MRTA members, one hostage, and two military personnel. This event marked the decline of …
Carmen Marcelino Sandoval Loayza was arrested in Curgos, Santiago de Chuco, accused of being a suspected Shining Path member. This arrest took place in her home, the same place where in 1986 there had been a confrontation between the Peruvian National Police and five members of the PCP-SL. In that …
Alberto Andrade was reelected Mayor of Metropolitan Lima on October 13, 1998. This reelection took place in a context of declining subversive violence in the capital, following the capture of Abimael Guzmán in 1992 and the weakening of the PCP-SL and MRTA. Andrade had been elected mayor for the first …
The Marcha de los Cuatro Suyos was a three-day protest led by former presidential candidate Alejandro Toledo against the fraudulent re-election of President Alberto Fujimori. The protest began peacefully but escalated on July 28, 2000, when demonstrators clashed with police, leading to acts of vandalism and arson in central Lima. …
Former presidential candidate Alejandro Toledo Manrique calls for a three-day mobilization called the March of the Four of His Own, in protest against the fraudulent re-election of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori. The first day passes peacefully with thousands of people mobilizing from different parts of the capital. On July 28, acts …
On July 29, 2000, President Alberto Fujimori accused the opposition of planning to set fire to the Congress of the Republic to prevent his inauguration. He compared their plans to those of the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru (MRTA) and criticized them for inciting chaos and destruction in Lima. Fujimori claimed …
In 2001, Lurigancho Prison in Lima faced a severe health crisis, with 250 inmates treated for tuberculosis (TB) annually and 150 living with HIV/AIDS. Of the inmates with TBC, 11% were also diagnosed with HIV, and 80% of those with AIDS were near death due to tuberculosis. In less than …
On March 24, 2001, in compliance with the sentence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the 1st Corporate Criminal Court annulled the resolution to file the Barrios Altos case issued in 1995 by the 11th Criminal Court of the Superior Court of Lima. It was ordered that the 16th …
The text discusses the psychological and economic impact on families affected by the violence perpetrated by Sendero Luminoso in Peru. Testimonies from various regions, including Lima, Junín, Huánuco, and Ayacucho, highlight the ongoing sense of injustice and impunity felt by victims' families. The lack of a fair judicial system exacerbates …
In 2002, a seminar was held in Lima, Peru, to reflect on the aftermath of political violence and the process of reconciliation. The event aimed to address the integration of diverse communities into a unified national identity, emphasizing the importance of political and civic integration. The discussions highlighted the distrust …
In 2002, testimonies from various regions in Peru, including Tingo María and Lima, highlighted the ongoing fear and insecurity among communities due to the remnants of the Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) insurgency. Despite the official end of the conflict, many locals, including indigenous groups like the Asháninkas, continued to face …
In 2002, a series of public hearings were conducted in various locations across Peru, including Huamanga, Tingo María, and Lima. These hearings were part of the efforts to document and address human rights violations that occurred during the internal conflict in Peru. Testimonies were collected from victims and their families, …
In 2002, several testimonies were recorded in Lima, Peru, highlighting the struggles of individuals who were detained and their families. These accounts reveal the psychological and economic challenges faced by survivors and their families, particularly widows, who had to adapt to new roles and responsibilities. Despite the hardships, many families …
In 2002, testimonies from Lima reveal a climate of fear among authorities and civilians during a period of conflict. Victims of torture and imprisonment reported feeling isolated and unprotected due to the inaction of police and other officials, who were themselves afraid of retaliation. The pervasive fear led to a …
In 2002, multiple testimonies reported the extrajudicial executions of inmates at the Castro-Castro Prison in Lima. Notable victims included Fernando Alfredo Orozco García, who was reportedly taken and killed by masked individuals, and Julia Marlene Olivos Peña, who was executed after being recognized by agents. These events highlight the severe …
In 2002, several inmates at the Castro-Castro Prison in Lima, Peru, were reportedly executed extrajudicially. Witnesses described how a group of prisoners, including Ramiro Alberto Ninaquispe Flores and Andrés Agüero Garamendi, were shot after attempting to leave their cells. The incident highlights the severe human rights violations occurring within the …
The ronderos, local defense groups in Peru, feel abandoned and discriminated against by the government and armed forces after their services were deemed no longer necessary. Despite their contributions to pacification, they face challenges in receiving indemnities due to restrictive requirements and a decree that only considers beneficiaries from 1992 …
A resident of Moya, Huancavelica, Huancavelica suffered the murder of her parents and other family members by members of the Armed Forces. The testimony was collected in Lima in January 2003. This case illustrates the victims' adaptive attempts that included passivity and accommodation to the new situation following the violence. …
In June 2002, a public hearing was held in Lima to address cases of injustice, including the testimony of Vargas Rojas, a victim of unjust detention. The event highlighted the importance of forgiveness and reconciliation in the aftermath of conflicts, emphasizing the need for justice and truth as foundational elements …
Julia Castillo Ccopa gave her testimony at the first session of the CVR's public hearings on June 21, 2002. Her testimony corresponds to case N° 2 of that session. She narrated her experience of detention and torture in Lima. This testimony is part of the public hearings organized by the …
A public hearing was held in Lima on June 22, 2002, to address cases of human rights violations. One of the cases discussed involved the daughter of Celestina Rafael Polo, a victim of a car bomb. The hearing highlighted the ongoing challenges faced by women, including discrimination and marginalization, especially …
National Workshop organized by the Mental Health Unit of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in coordination with CAPS. The event was held during two consecutive days in the city of Lima. During the workshop, participants talked about their lives and the suffering experienced in the search for their missing …
Inmates at the Penal de Castro-Castro in Lima faced a violent confrontation with police forces. The police used explosives and firearms to breach the facility, resulting in the death of Juan Bardales Rengifo, the first victim of the incident. The police also deployed tear gas and grenades, causing many inmates …
Testimony collected by the CVR in September 2002 in Lima, where the declarant narrates his experience of imprisonment in Chiclayo. This testimony is part of the cases analyzed on imprisonment and detentions during the internal armed conflict. Detentions became a way of terrorizing the population, meaning not only the restriction …
In September 2002, testimonies from the Penal Castro-Castro in Lima, Peru, describe a tense situation where inmates were gathered in a large area, requesting the presence of commissions and asserting their lack of weapons. Despite their peaceful stance, the situation escalated, leading to further unrest and violence.
In September 2002, testimonies were collected in Lima, Peru, detailing various human rights violations. These included accounts of detention, torture, and murder in regions such as San Pedro, Chulucanas, Piura, and Ticrapo, Castrovirreyna, Huancavelica. The testimonies highlight the role of religion as a source of strength and solace for those …
The affiant recounts his experience of detention and imprisonment in San Pedro, Chulucanas, Piura. The testimony was collected in Lima in September 2002. This case is part of the testimonies about detentions that became a way of terrorizing the population, where people not only suffered restriction of their personal freedom, …
Testimony of a person who suffered detention and torture, narrating the humiliations received during his captivity. The declarant describes how he was taken to Lima and subjected to mistreatment at DINCOTE at around 12:00 midnight, where an officer kicked him in the back and humiliated him with insults. The testimony …
Testimony collected in Lima during September 2002 as part of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission investigations. The affiant witnessed the massacre that took place in Puquio, Lucanas province, Ayacucho department. This testimony is part of the documentation on the psychological and emotional impacts of political violence in Peru, specifically related …
The affiant is a witness to the massacre in Puquio, Lucanas, Ayacucho. The event was documented in a testimony collected in Lima in September 2002. No specific details about the circumstances of the massacre, the number of victims or the perpetrators are provided in the available excerpt from the report.
Testimony documenting experiences of detention and torture during the internal armed conflict. The testimony is part of the CVR's compilation of human rights violations. It is mentioned in the context of cases where the victims could not count on a system that would guarantee the possibility of a fair trial …
Testimony collected in September 2002 in Lima on the murder of the declarant's husband in Ticrapo, province of Castrovirreyna, department of Huancavelica. The testimony is part of the documentation compiled by the CVR on the acts of violence that occurred during the internal armed conflict. The declarant narrates the facts …
Public hearing organized by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission focused on documenting and making visible the political violence and crimes committed specifically against women during the internal armed conflict. During this hearing, testimonies of women victims of sexual violence, arbitrary detentions, torture and other abuses were presented. The testimonies collected …
Testimony collected in Lima during October 2002, where a woman narrates the murder of her husband in Cachicoto, Monzón, Huamalies, Huánuco. This testimony is part of the documentation of cases of violence perpetrated during the internal armed conflict. The affiant provides information on the violent events that affected her family …
The affiant recounts the murder of her father in Huamanga, Ayacucho. As a consequence of this violent event, the affiant suffered serious physical and emotional health problems. She reported being in very poor health, with headaches, fainting and constant worry. The testimony was collected in Lima in October 2002 as …
The declarant gave her testimony in Lima in October 2002 before the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. She witnessed the murders that took place in Chaca, province of Huanta, department of Ayacucho. In her account she describes the traumatic impact of witnessing these violent events, mentioning health problems resulting from the …
The affiant witnessed murders in Chaca, province of Huanta, department of Ayacucho. The testimony was collected in Lima in October 2002. The violent events left deep scars on witnesses and survivors in the area. The event is part of the multiple acts of violence documented in the Huanta region during …
Testimony collected in Lima during October 2002 about the murder of the affiant's father in Huamanga, Ayacucho. The affiant recounts the physical and emotional consequences she suffered after her father's death, including serious health problems. The testimony is part of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's documentation on the impacts of …
The affiant recounts the murder of her father in Huamanga, Ayacucho. The testimony was collected in Lima in October 2002. As a consequence of this violent event, the affiant reports serious health problems, including constant worries and fainting. The case is part of the testimonies documented by the CVR on …
In October 2002, a public hearing was held in Lima to address the case of medical students from the Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal who were tortured and murdered. The hearing highlighted the involvement of various police officers in the crime, who were not held accountable. The event is part of …
The Peruvian Internal Armed Conflict left deep scars on the social fabric of the country. Families were torn apart, communities were attacked and sometimes dispersed, and cultural references were devalued. The aftermath of the conflict resulted in widespread distrust and psychological trauma among the population, as evidenced by testimonies collected …
On October 4, 2002, the Second Special Criminal Court of Lima initiated legal proceedings against Vladimiro Montesinos Torres and several others. They were accused of being co-authors of crimes against life, body, and health, including aggravated homicide and kidnapping, in the case of Pedro Herminio Yauri Bustamante. Additionally, others were …
The Maternal Perinatal Institute of the Ministry of Health (Maternidad de Lima) issued Medical Report No. 081 on October 11, 2002. This medical report was used as evidence to determine the gestation time of María Magdalena Monteza Benavides. The document, together with Medical Record No. 3343 of the INPE Prison …
Thematic public hearing organized by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (CVR) focused on political violence and its impact on the educational community. This event was part of the process of compiling testimonies and documentation of human rights violations that occurred during the internal armed conflict in Peru. The hearing made …
Testimony collected in Lima from a displaced declarant from Guacamayo, Padre Abad, Ucayali. The testimony is part of the documentation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission on the effects of the internal armed conflict in Peru. The declarant relates his experience as a displaced person and the emotional and psychological …
The affiant is a displaced person from Guacamayo, Padre Abad, Ucayali. The testimony was collected in Lima in November 2002. The case is part of the testimonies on forced displacement of population during the internal armed conflict in the region of Ucayali. The testimony is registered in the CVR Report …
The affiant recounts the disappearance of his son in Patas, Curahuasi, Apurimac. The testimony was collected in Lima in December 2002. The father expresses the uncertainty and anguish characteristic of the relatives of the disappeared, stating: "Suddenly any night now he will come back", I just stop thinking. Then I …
A woman testified before the CVR about the torture she suffered at the time of her detention in Huacho, Lima. The testimony was collected in December 2002 as part of the process of compiling testimonies on human rights violations during the internal armed conflict. This case is part of the …
The testimony documents the murder of the declarant's husband in Cachicoto, a town located in the district of Monzón, province of Huamalies, department of Huánuco. The case was recorded in December 2002 during interviews conducted by the CVR in Lima. This event is part of the context of violence that …
Testimony collected in Lima in December 2002 documenting experiences of humiliation and devaluation suffered by victims during the internal armed conflict. The testimony is part of the section of the report that analyzes the attacks on individuals, their families, communities, institutions, values and forms of organization, which in addition to …
A declarant gives testimony before the TRC narrating the disappearance of her son in the city of Lima. The testimony reflects the deep pain and emotional suffering caused by the disappearance. The affiant mentions that out of grief and rage she took to drinking and from that moment on she …
A woman testifies about the disappearance of her son in the city of Lima. The testimony was collected in Ayacucho in December 2002. The mother recounts how, out of grief and anger over the disappearance, she took to drinking and learned to chew too much coca. The case illustrates the …
In December 2002, a testimony from Lima recounts the disappearance of a child in Patas, Curahuasi, Apurimac. This event is part of a broader narrative of family trauma and loss, where the death of a parent leads to severe emotional distress and altered family dynamics. The community experiences deep psychological …
In January 2003, on the 20th anniversary of the Uchuraccay massacre, it was expected that a ruling would be issued on the statute of limitations. However, the judicial authorities considered that the legal period for the process to remain in reserve is 30 years, which means that the statute of …
Testimony of a teacher who was detained in Aquia, Bolognesi, Ancash. The declarant narrates his experience of torture and mistreatment during his detention. The testimony describes situations of extreme humiliation and dehumanization, where he relates that he begged his captors not to kill him and that they treated him brutally. …
Testimony collected in Lima in January 2003 from a resident of Moya, Huancavelica, Huancavelica. The affiant suffered the murder of her parents and other family members by members of the Armed Forces. The testimony is part of the documentation on the psychological and emotional impacts of violence, specifically related to …
Testimony of a person who was accused of treason and subsequently imprisoned in Lima. The testimony was collected in January 2003 as part of the statements documented by the CVR. The interviewee recounts his experience of arrest, unjust accusation and imprisonment, forming part of a group of testimonies about people …
Interview conducted by the CVR with retired Police Health personnel in the city of Lima. This interview is part of the documentation on the psychological and mental health effects on members of the police forces during the internal armed conflict. The testimony is mentioned in the context of an analysis …
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