The Alto Huallaga area was occupied with greater intensity since the beginning of the 1950s by settlers and migrants coming mainly from the highlands of Huánuco, Huancayo, Junín and Cerro de Pasco. These settlers were encouraged, most of the time, by the State through colonization projects (such as Tingo María-Tocache-Campanilla), …
On May 21, 1950, an earthquake measuring 7 on the Mercalli scale destroyed the city of Cuzco. As a result of the earthquake and the reconstruction effort, the State poured significant resources into the city and the region, creating in 1952 the Junta de Reconstrucción y Fomento Industrial del Cuzco, …
As a consequence of the May 21, 1950 earthquake that destroyed the city of Cuzco with a grade 7 on the Mercalli scale, the State poured significant resources into the city and the region for reconstruction. In 1952, the Junta de Reconstrucción y Fomento Industrial del Cuzco was created to …
In 1964, the first directed colonization program in the Upper Huallaga was made official. This program was part of the Tingo Maria-Tocache-Campanilla colonization project, which classified 180,000 hectares as suitable for agricultural use. Many of the farmers who obtained land titles had already settled in the Tingo Maria, Tocache and …
In 1981, the PCP-SL appeared in Alto Huallaga, taking advantage of the climate of social chaos created by drug trafficking. They presented themselves as the executioner of a corrupt and inefficient bureaucratic state and assumed the supposed defense of the interests of the coca growers, who were being attacked by …
In November 1984, the Military Base was installed in Santo Tomás de Pata, in the province of Angaraes. This area was considered a "red bastion" and where violence began early due to its proximity to the northern part of the department of Ayacucho. The installation of this military base was …
The prison massacres occurred in 1985, 1986 and 1992, remaining in the terrible tally of penitentiary history. Approximately 350 inmates were killed, most of them as a result of extrajudicial executions. The State, unable to apply a correct and efficient anti-subversive strategy in the prisons, opted on these occasions for …
From 1986-1988, the internal armed conflict in Peru took on a relatively more national character, expanding beyond the department of Ayacucho where it had been practically confined between 1982 and 1985. This period marked a new phase of the conflict characterized by the expansion of the actions of the PCP-Sendero …
During the 1985-1990 government, the restructuring of the associative companies in Puno, including SAIS 'Aricoma', was decreed. In February 1986, the directors of SAIS 'Aricoma' tried to keep 40% of the land, but in the end 60% of the land reverted to the State to benefit the peasant communities. In …
In 1987, police raids began in Huaycán, during which nearly 300 villagers were detained in two successive raids. These operations were part of the State's response to the presence and infiltration of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Huaycán Project. The raids continued intermittently until March and April 1991. Later, in …
The Prime Minister and Minister of Economy, Luis Alva Castro, announced that the State will prosecute officials of all hierarchy who committed the Banco de la Nación as guarantor of a debt of 9 billion soles. This statement was made in the context of financial irregularities detected in the management …
Around 1988, another cycle of intense violence was unleashed in the new scenarios where the Shining Path had expanded its operations. The magnitude of the crimes and violations can be explained by similar causes to the first cycle. However, in this period the resistance of the population, its authorities and …
The Eighth Specialized Criminal Court of Chiclayo opened an investigation against the ten residents of San Ignacio arrested on June 27, accusing them of the crime of terrorism against the State. The opening order stated that they had seized dynamite, explosives, PCP pamphlets and other items. Despite the fact that …
From 1993 onwards, the counter-subversive strategy was characterized by a substantial increase in the number of detentions of alleged subversives and a decrease in the number of cases of arbitrary executions and forced disappearances, although the number of cases of violation of the due process of detainees increased notoriously. The …
Beginning in 1993, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) began to rapidly lose strength in the Upper Huallaga region, although it has not completely disappeared to date. The influence of the PCP-SL in Alto Huallaga had followed a temporal vector that began in the early 1980s. This …
Shotguns and ammunition were delivered to nine Self-Defense Committees in the province of Paucartambo. This delivery of weapons is evidence of the State's strategy of arming the civilian population to confront subversive groups.
The Statute of the International Criminal Court was established in 1998 to define and prosecute crimes against humanity, including slavery. This statute allows for the prosecution of individuals, whether state agents or private individuals, who commit these crimes as part of a systematic attack against a civilian population. Universal jurisdiction …
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission held a seminar with social scientists to discuss reconciliation issues. This event raised fundamental questions about the link between reparation and reconciliation, questioning what the State does to repair what happened with the war, who is being repaired, who is reconciled and how they are …
The TRC organized workshops with Asháninka communities in Satipo to discuss reconciliation. The communities expressed hope for reparations but also distrust towards the State. The participants stated that the State, through its institutions, has not participated in anything, has not repaired the damage, has not done justice and has not …
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