In July 1977 there was a national strike that represented the rise of social protests in the face of the serious national and international economic crisis accentuated between 1973 and 1978. This strike was one of the factors that led the Armed Forces to opt for allowing the return to …
During 1981, Peruvian law enforcement suffered 4 fatal casualties as a result of the internal armed conflict, representing 0.2% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period under investigation. According to information submitted by the Ministry of the Interior and the Joint Command of the Armed …
The government placed five of the seven provinces of Ayacucho - Huamanga, Huanta, Cangallo, La Mar and Victor Fajardo - under a state of emergency, suspending constitutional guarantees regarding individual freedom for 60 days. This presidential decision included the suspension of guarantees, but not the entry of the Armed Forces.
Between 1982 and 1985, the internal armed conflict was practically confined to the department of Ayacucho. In December 1982, the Armed Forces (FFAA) were charged with leading the counter-subversive struggle, which marked the beginning of a notable escalation of violence, especially from 1983 onwards. The year 1984 corresponds to the …
In 1982, the Uchiza Police Post was attacked by the subversive group PCP-SL. Despite desperate radio calls, reinforcements never arrived from a nearby military base, evidencing the lack of coordination between military and police forces. This event highlighted the disregard and lack of cooperation between the Armed Forces and the …
Between 1982 and 1985, the internal armed conflict was practically confined to the department of Ayacucho. In December 1982, the Armed Forces (FFAA) were charged with leading the counter-subversive struggle, which marked the beginning of a notable escalation of violence, especially from 1983 onwards. The year 1984 corresponds to the …
Between 1982 and 1985, the first cycle of intense violence of the internal armed conflict took place, concentrated basically in the department of Ayacucho. During these years, about a third of the murders perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso reported to the CVR were committed. This cycle was related to the …
The Batir II Campaign was the second phase of the military operations known as the Batir Agreement, carried out in the context of the counter-subversive struggle in Peru. This campaign was carried out from November 1982 to March 1983, following the Batir I Campaign that had taken place between July …
The PCP-SL celebrated Abimael Guzmán Reinoso's birthday with simultaneous attacks in Lima and Ayacucho during December 1982. This wave of attacks was part of an escalation of violence that characterized the end of that year. The attacks occurred in a context of growing terrorist activity that led the Armed Forces …
In December 1982, the Armed Forces (FFAA) were charged with conducting the counter-subversive struggle in the department of Ayacucho. This event marked a crucial turning point in the Peruvian internal armed conflict. From that moment on, there was a notable escalation of violence, especially from 1983 onwards, reaching its highest …
At the end of 1982, violence became more acute. It was in this context that the central government authorized the entry of the Armed Forces into Ayacucho and a scenario of militarization began. The entry of the armed forces and the installation of the political-military command will radically change life …
On Abimael Guzman's birthday, the PCP-SL decided to make official the birth of its so-called 'People's Guerrilla Army'. This decision marked a milestone in the military structure of the subversive organization. Shortly after this officialization, the Armed Forces took charge of the counter-subversive struggle in Ayacucho.
On December 11, 1982, in the middle of a public act, the provincial mayor of Huamanga, Víctor Jorge Jáuregui, a Popular Action (AP) militant, was wounded by two presumed members of the PCP-SL. The attackers were driving a motorcycle from where they shot him three times in the face. This …
The first 450 Army reinforcements were sent to Ayacucho and the three battalions that had been barracked were deployed. On December 29, the entry of the Armed Forces in the fight against subversion was made official. The Marine Infantry also entered. With the establishment of the Political Military Command (CPM), …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry issued an ultimatum to the subversives to surrender their weapons before the Armed Forces took control of the emergency zone. This ultimatum took place in the context of a growing wave of terrorist attacks, especially in Ayacucho, and preceded the decision of the Armed Forces to …
On December 29, 1982, the government extended the state of emergency and entrusted the control of internal order to the Armed Forces. In January 1983, the Political Military Command was established in Ayacucho. The province of Huanta remained under the control of the Navy until part of 1985, when the …
On December 29, 1982, by means of Supreme Decree Nº068-82-IN, the Constitutional Government entrusted the control of internal order to the Armed Forces and conferred Political-Military authority to the military chief. Thus, the Government reintroduced the institution of the Political-Military Command. This decision determined a profound change in the strategy …
The Armed Forces took control of the department of Ayacucho on December 29, 1982. After this event, the dynamics of the war increased notably until it reached its highest peak in 1984. This year registered the highest death toll of the entire armed conflict, with more than 3,000 people killed, …
On December 29, 1982, Supreme Decree 068-82 IN was issued ordering the Armed Forces to assume internal control of the Department of Ayacucho. The command was assigned to General Roberto Clemente Noel Moral. This measure was taken in the context of increased violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and marked the …
General EP Clemente Noel Moral assured that since December 29, 1982, a military tribunal had been constituted to deal with cases of alleged police and military excesses. This statement was made on January 17, 1983. The tribunal was established in the context of the assumption of internal control of the …
On December 29, 1982, through Supreme Decree 068-82-IN, the Peruvian government instructed the Armed Forces to assume internal control in five Ayacucho provinces. This decision marked a turning point in the internal armed conflict, transferring the responsibility of public order control from the National Police to the Armed Forces. The …
On December 31, 1982, the Armed Forces assumed internal control of the department of Ayacucho in the face of a growing wave of attacks. A total of 2,000 military troops took possession of the provinces declared in a state of emergency, starting with the rural areas. This decision was precipitated …
From 1983 onwards, there was a notable escalation of violence in the department of Ayacucho, especially after the armed forces were put in charge of the counter-subversive struggle in December 1982. The year 1984 corresponds to the moment of greatest intensity of the conflict, which caused the highest number of …
In 1983, rape committed by members of the Peruvian Armed and Police Forces was common. Perpetrators adopted nom de guerre and hid their ranks to avoid being identified, contributing to a culture of impunity. Military authorities protected the perpetrators, and victims faced difficulties in reporting due to fear and shame.
The first phases of the internal armed conflict were marked by its eminently Ayacucho character and by the high peaks of violence reached in 1983 and 1984. Between 1982 and 1985, the conflict was practically confined to the department of Ayacucho. In December 1982, the Armed Forces (FFAA) were charged …
During 1983, Peruvian law enforcement agencies suffered 13 fatal casualties as a result of the internal armed conflict, according to information submitted by the Joint Command of the Armed Forces and the Ministry of the Interior to the CVR. Of these casualties, 4 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 9 …
During 1983, there were multiple violent events in the province of Cangallo, Ayacucho. The Pampacangallo Military Base is specifically mentioned as one of the places where violence occurred. The document refers to general events in the province during this year, in the context of the internal armed conflict. The marines …
In 1983, a group of journalists was murdered in Uchuraccay, Ayacucho. Juan Argumedo acted as the journalists' guide during this tragic event. After the tragedy, his sister Juana Lidia Argumedo denounced the responsibility of the armed forces in the events. As a result of her denunciation, Juana was arrested on …
In January 1983, the Armed Forces took control of the counter-subversive struggle in Ayacucho through the installation of the political-military command. The new head of the political-military command of Ayacucho, General Clemente Noel Moral, arrived in the region with the idea, shared by the "hard" sectors of the army, of …
In January 1983, the Political-Military Command was installed in the provinces of Ayacucho, Huancavelica and Apurímac as a response of the Peruvian State to the expansion of the Shining Path. This measure implied the entry of the Armed Forces into the areas affected by subversive violence. The Command established a …
In January 1983, the Marine Infantry took control of the province of Huanta as part of the intervention of the Armed Forces in Ayacucho. This military installation took place during the first weeks of January, after the government instructed the Armed Forces to assume internal control in five Ayacucho provinces …
During 1983 and 1984 there was a significant concentration of cases of arbitrary executions, forced disappearances and torture by State agents. This stage was characterized by the application of a strategy of massive and indiscriminate repression, especially in the rural areas of the department of Ayacucho. The members of the …
In 1983, the Armed Forces entered the zones that had been declared in a state of emergency, establishing political-military commands as the only real power. After two years of repression, assassinations, extrajudicial executions and torture on both sides, the number of victims between 1982 and 1984 increased notably, most of …
General EP Clemente Noel Moral declared on January 1 in El Comercio that the Peruvian Army will remain only two months in Ayacucho, time he has foreseen as 'necessary to exterminate the terrorist outbreaks'. This declaration marked the beginning of military operations in the emergency zone of Ayacucho, where the …
The Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) ordered an armed strike on January 8, 1983 in the department of Ayacucho. This strike took place in a context of increasing political violence, just days after the Armed Forces assumed internal control of the department on December 31, 1982. General …
In March 1983, a Civil Guard post was installed in Illahuasi, as part of the State's strategy to intensify its presence in the rural area of Andahuaylas in the face of the advance of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This installation was part of a broader process of establishing new police posts …
The detainee's wife, accompanied by the Astanya authorities, went to the Concepción Military Base to ask for her husband, but they were not given any reason. On the contrary, they threatened them and chased them out of the place firing shots in the air saying 'why are you coming, go …
Marka's newspaper reported that groups of paramilitaries had been armed and trained to kill by the Political Command of the declared emergency zone. The head of the Political Military Command was General EP Clemente Noel Moral. This denunciation took place in the context of the anti-subversive struggle in Ayacucho, where …
In April 1983, several residents of Totos, a district in the province of Cangallo, were detained by members of the Peruvian Army. Some of the detainees were later killed. This event took place in the context of the military offensive initiated in January 1983 against supposed support bases of the …
In April 1983, fifteen villagers from Huancaraylla, a district in the province of Victor Fajardo, were disappeared by military personnel from the Cangallo base. This event occurred in the context of the military offensive that began in January 1983, when the Armed Forces entered the area to combat the PCP-Sendero …
In May and June 1983, in the rural area of Huamanga, the Acocro massacres occurred, which were among those with the greatest public impact in the region. These massacres occurred in the context of the entry of the Armed Forces into the region and the installation of the political-military command …
In May 1983, the military detained 15 authorities and community members from Quispillacta, Cangallo district. The detainees were taken to the Totos barracks. They were later killed and buried in a mass grave. This event was part of the counter-subversive strategy implemented by the Armed Forces after entering the area …
In May 1983, the PCP-SL raided the town of Huantaccasa and killed 7 people. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of violence in the provinces of Huanta, Huamanga and La Mar during 1983, a year that marks the entry of the Armed Forces into the region under …
In May 1983, members of the Peruvian Army razed the community of Matará in the district of Accocro. During the operation, they burned houses, killed, tortured and disappeared approximately 25 people. This event was part of the strategy of indiscriminate repression implemented by the Armed Forces after taking control of …
On May 9, 1983, the National Defense Council met, presided over by the President of the Republic Fernando Belaunde Terry. In this meeting, the evolution of the counter-subversive struggle in the country was discussed. This meeting took place in a context of intensified political violence, particularly in the department of …
At 9:00 a.m., the Army arrived and called the population to form up in the plaza. The soldiers forced the people to form up in separate lines of women and men. A hooded soldier began to point out people who should get out of the line. They selected 17 people, …
According to testimonies gathered by the CVR, on May 20, 1983, about 80 peasants were murdered in San José de Secce, in the district of Santillana. The victims had been previously kidnapped by members of the Peruvian Navy. The testimonies designate members of the Navy as responsible for these deaths. …
One affiant was detained for the first time on May 26, 1983 in the Parque de Las Leyendas, a zoo located in the district of Maranga. In April 1983, 40 soldiers and 3 Sinchis, all carrying firearms, entered her home. The text mentions this detention in the context of cases …
In June 1983, there was a change in police forces in the district of Andarapa, province of Andahuaylas. The Republican Guard that had been operating in the area was replaced by members of the Civil Guard. This change in law enforcement occurred in the context of the intensification of the …
In June 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso killed 14 people in Accocro, a district in the province of Huamanga. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of violence following the entry of the Armed Forces into the region in January 1983. Accocro was the scene of multiple massacres during …
In July 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the town of Sachabamba, Chiara district, Huamanga province, killing 20 community members. This event was part of a series of massacres perpetrated by the Shining Path in the district of Chiara during 1983, which also included the murder of 10 community members in …
In July and September 1983, massacres occurred in the district of Chiara, province of Huamanga, Ayacucho. In July 1983, the PCP-SL murdered 20 community members in Sachabamba, Chiara. In September of the same year, the PCP-SL murdered 10 community members in Bellavista, Chiara. In April 1984, members of the army …
On July 28, 1983, President Fernando Belaunde Terry presented his annual message to the Congress of the Republic. In this speech, Belaunde Terry demanded the reestablishment of the death penalty, in the context of the escalation of political violence that the country was going through. This message was given in …
In September 1983, police and Navy troops extrajudicially executed 13 community members from San Pedro de Pampay, in the district of Luricocha, province of Huanta. This event occurred in the context of the entry of the Armed Forces into the region in January 1983 and the installation of the political-military …
The Accomarca massacre occurred on September 3, 1983, perpetrated by the Armed Forces. According to CVR records, 12 people were killed: 5 men and 7 women. During the military incursion, sexual violations were committed against women. The information on this event comes from the testimony of survivors who gave an …
On October 30, 1983, there was a confrontation between alleged subversives and police officers in Acobamba. The confrontation left more than 20 dead and 15 wounded, among them 4 policemen. According to testimonies, most of the victims were innocent peasants. This event occurred in the context of the entry of …
In November 1983, five community members from San Agustín, Santa Rosa, were disappeared by members of the army. This event occurred during the initial period of military intervention in the Apurimac River Valley, when the Armed Forces were beginning to establish their presence in the area. The disappearance of these …
In November 1983, a military patrol killed 11 people in Accomarca, Vilcashuamán. This event was part of a series of military operations and collective murders that took place in the area during 1983, the year that registered the highest number of deaths in the region. The event is framed in …
On November 13, 1983, 32 people were killed in Socos, a district in the province of Huamanga. This event was perpetrated by members of the Civil Guard (GC) of Socos. The Socos massacre occurred in the context of the entry of the Armed Forces into the region in 1983 and …
In December 1983, an armed confrontation took place between elements of the Shining Path and a combined patrol of the Armed Forces and the Police in Acobamba, Huancavelica. The confrontation resulted in several deaths on both sides. This event occurred in a context of intensifying violence in the area, where …
General EP Clemente Noel Moral was replaced as head of the Political Military Command of the emergency zone in Ayacucho on December 31, 1983. During the last week of the year, he left the headquarters of the Military Command declaring to the newspaper El Observador that "no fear weighs on …
During 1984, Peruvian law enforcement suffered 27 fatal casualties in the context of the internal armed conflict, representing 1.6% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period under investigation. Of these casualties, 15 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 12 to the Police Forces. This year …
Between 1984 and 1986 there was a boom in the price of coca and its illicit derivatives in the Apurímac River Valley. This economic phenomenon coincided with a period of intense violence in the area, when the Shining Path was in full retreat in the face of the advance of …
In 1984, the first organized peasant resistance efforts were registered through self-defense committees in the province of Angaraes, department of Huancavelica. These organizations emerged mainly in the communities of Cuticsa, Yuraccocha, Anchahuay, Julcamarca, Secclla and Atunakihuay in response to the violence unleashed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The formation of these …
In 1984, following a Shining Path ambush against a patrol of Marines on the road between San José de Secce and Juncos, indiscriminate repression was unleashed against the population. When a wounded terrorist shot and killed several Marines with an instalaza, excesses took place in the town and nearby villages. …
The year 1984 was the year with the highest death toll of the entire internal armed conflict. More than 3,000 people died, of which more than 95% were Quechua speakers. This period coincided with the administration of General Adrián Huamán Centeno as Political and Military Chief of Ayacucho and with …
The year 1984 represents the moment of greatest intensity of the internal armed conflict in Peru, causing the highest number of deaths and disappearances reported to the CVR, reaching 19% of the total number of victims. This peak is part of the initial period of the conflict, centered essentially in …
The year 1984 marked the first peak of violence in the internal armed conflict, being the moment of greatest intensity that caused the highest number of deaths and disappearances reported to the CVR (19% of the total number of victims). This period is part of the initial phase of the …
In February 1984, a town meeting called by the mayor of Ayacucho, Leonor Zamora, was frustrated. This event occurred in a context of intense political violence and militarization of the department of Ayacucho, where the Armed Forces had assumed internal control since December 1982. The frustrated cabildo reflects the difficulties …
In February 1984, 17 villagers from Viscachayocc, in the district of Pampa Cangallo, were disappeared by soldiers from the Cangallo base. This event took place in the context of the intensification of violence in the area during 1984, when the Armed Forces carried out operations against alleged PCP-SL support bases. …
In February 1984, members of the Marine Infantry raided the town of Carhuac, district of Santillana, province of Huanta. During this military operation, the villagers of the community were murdered. This event is part of the counter-subversive strategy implemented by the Armed Forces in the area, characterized by indiscriminate actions …
In April 1984, members of the Peruvian Army murdered 32 inhabitants of Huarapite, a town in the district of Chiara in the province of Huamanga. This event occurred in the context of the indiscriminate repression carried out by the Armed Forces in the area during 1984, a year that registered …
In June 1984, soldiers murdered eight villagers in the town of Rosario, Ayna district, La Mar province. This event occurred during the period of greatest violence in the Apurimac River Valley, when the Armed Forces had taken control of the area under the Political Military Command. The event took place …
On June 21, 1984, the "Defensa Civil Contrasubversiva" (DECAS) of the Apurimac River Valley was formally established in Pichiwillca. From this place it began its expansion throughout the valley under the leadership of Antonio Cardenas, who would become the undisputed leader of the organization. This formal constitution took place in …
In July 1984, the PCP-SL murdered three people in a community in Marccaraccay, Santillana district, Huanta province. This event occurred in the context of an intense wave of violence in the area during 1984, a year that saw the highest number of civilian murders in the provinces of Huanta, Huamanga …
In July 1984, members of the Navy carried out the forced disappearance of eight residents of Macachacra, Iguain district, Huanta province. Among the victims were Ramón Vicaña, Sebastián de la Cruz and six other villagers. This event took place in the context of the indiscriminate repression exercised by the Marine …
According to PCP-SL documents, the most numerous and most dangerous paramilitary bands emerged on both banks of the Apurimac River during July 1984, with most forming in January 1985. These gangs grew too rapidly due to the increased concentration of enemy troops in the area. The gangs were made up …
In July 1984, members of the Peruvian Army perpetrated a mass murder in the town of Pucayacu, Ayna district, La Mar province. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of military operations in the Apurimac River Valley during 1984, the year in which the Armed Forces and the …
After the increase in terrorist actions in June 1984, EP General Adrián Huamán Centeno, accompanied by EP General Óscar Brush Noel, met with President Fernando Belaunde Terry on July 2, 1984. Two days earlier, on July 1, the General Command of the Peruvian Army had issued a communiqué denying versions …
On July 6, 1984, an Official Communiqué was published in which the President of the Republic Fernando Belaunde Terry and the members of the Joint Command of the Armed Forces analyzed the new measures to be taken against narcoterrorism. The communiqué gave instructions to eradicate narcoterrorism with the participation of …
The Minister of the Interior, Luis Pércovich Roca, publicly stated that the government had not considered it convenient to implement a state of siege in the country. This statement came after an Official Communiqué was published on July 6 in which the President of the Republic Fernando Belaunde Terry and …
The Peruvian government decided to extend for thirty days the state of emergency throughout the country, which included the suspension of constitutional guarantees. This measure was taken after the Minister of the Interior, Luis Pércovich Roca, stated that it had not been considered convenient to implement the state of siege. …
On July 28, 1984, the mayor of the district of Santillana, Alberto la Rosa, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. Along with him was executed Juan Contreras, who was a former mayor of the same district. This assassination was part of the Shining Path's strategy to eliminate local authorities and …
On August 16, 1984, the Armed Forces perpetrated a massacre in Huamanquiquia, Ayacucho. During the attack 7 people died: 5 men and 2 women. Six detainees managed to escape and later testified about the events. The survivors reported that the two women were raped before being executed. This event is …
On August 23, 1984, 49 corpses were discovered buried in graves in Pucayacu, a few kilometers north of the city of Huanta, in territory belonging to the province of Acobamba, Huancavelica. All the victims were citizens who had been previously detained in the Huanta Stadium by the Marine Infantry. The …
General EP Carlos Briceño Zevallos, together with the main commanders of the Armed Forces and seconded by a hard-line sector of the ruling party, declared before the public opinion about a peculiar alliance between the retired Velasquist military and the PCP-SL. In reality, Briceño Zevallos was responding to the attacks …
Javier Alva Orlandini made a public statement in which he affirmed that "the generals of the first and second phase encourage and participate in the acts of the PCP-SL". This statement was made in the context of a political debate on the role of the Armed Forces in the anti-subversive …
President Belaunde removed General Huamán from his position as head of the Political Military Command of Ayacucho on August 28, 1984. The removal was not a consequence of the numerous deaths that occurred during his tenure that year, but of his public statements that the head of the Political Military …
In September 1984, law enforcement forces murdered 19 community members in San Pedro, a town in the Santa Rosa district. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of violence in the Apurimac River Valley, during the period in which the Armed Forces and the DECAS (Counter-Subversive Civil Defense) …
On November 10, 1984, the military gathered the entire population of San Francisco at the Quimbiri airport. On the second floor of an adjoining house was Major "Vic" with a hooded person, obviously a captured hiker. This event marked a significant moment in the military presence in the Apurimac River …
On December 23, 1984, a column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso surprised the villagers of Pampaccoris, in the province of Tayacaja, department of Huancavelica. The attack was perpetrated as revenge against the villagers because they had helped the Armed Forces in a previous operation. This event was part of the escalation …
The Julcamarca Military Base in the department of Huancavelica was identified as one of the places where sexual violence occurred during the internal armed conflict in 1985. The report mentions this military base in the context of multiple military installations where human rights violations were registered, including sexual violence against …
During 1985 and 1986, in the government of Dr. Alan Garcia Perez, a Peace Commission functioned and made a critical evaluation of the indiscriminate policy of the first years of the conflict implemented by the previous government of President Fernando Belaunde Terry. Initial energy was shown in the face of …
By mid-1985, the Shining Path was in full retreat in the Apurimac River Valley and the Armed Forces together with the DECAS (Defensa Civil Contrasubversiva) had gained control of the valley. The Shining Path themselves recognized their defeat by the 'mesnadas' in the VRA, admitting that the unconsolidated support bases …
During 1985, Peruvian law enforcement agencies suffered 31 fatal casualties in the fight against armed subversion, according to information provided by the armed forces and the Ministry of the Interior to the CVR. Of these casualties, 15 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 16 to the Police Forces. These deaths …
On June 5, 1985, Legislative Decree 24150 was enacted, which established rules to be complied with during states of exception (or emergency) in which the Armed Forces assume control of internal order, in all or part of the national territory. This legislative decree regulated the states of emergency and the …
On June 6, 1985, Law No. 24150 was enacted, regulating the previously vague competencies of the Political-Military Command. This law established the rules to be complied with during States of Exception in which the Armed Forces assume the control of internal order, and established for such purpose the Political-Military Commands …
In July 1985, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the Sol Naciente farm, located in the district of Ayna, province of La Mar. During this incursion, the Shining Path guerrillas assassinated local villagers. The attack resulted in the death of 5 people. This event occurred in the context of the …
On July 4, 1985, arbitrary executions took place in the Castropampa barracks, in the department of Ayacucho. The events occurred in the context of human rights violations that included sexual violence. According to testimony gathered by the CVR, before the executions, the commandos first executed the men to prevent them …
In August 1985, the Peruvian army executed 21 people in Santa Rosa, a district in the province of La Mar. This event occurred in the context of counter-subversive operations in the Apurimac River Valley (VRA), an area where the Armed Forces and the DECAS (Counter-Subversive Civil Defense) had gained control …
On August 4, 1985, the military murdered and buried seven civilians in mass graves in Pucayacu, province of Huanta, Ayacucho. These people had previously been detained in the Municipal Stadium of Huanta, where members of the Navy were stationed. Around August 16, approximately fifty people detained in that place were …
On December 21, 1985, a collective murder took place in the community of Irquis, district of Sivia, perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This event occurred in the context of the violence in the Apurimac River Valley, during the period when the Shining Path was in retreat in the face of …
In 1986, counter-subversive military bases were established in two localities in Huancavelica: Julcamarca and Ccayarpachi. This establishment of military bases was part of the Armed Forces' strategy to combat the presence of the Shining Path in the area. The military bases were installed in a context of intensifying internal armed …
On June 18 and 19, 1986 there were simultaneous riots organized by the PCP-SL in three prisons in Lima and Callao. Law enforcement forces intervened with extreme violence resulting in the death of 244 inmates executed: 118 in El Frontón, 124 in Lurigancho and 2 in Santa Bárbara. The riots …
On June 18, 1986, there was a riot at San Juan Bautista prison, known as El Frontón, where Víctor Neira Alegría, Edgar Zenteno Escobar and William Zenteno Escobar were being held as defendants for terrorism. As a result of the riot, the Government by Supreme Decree No. 006-86 JUS delegated …
PCP-SL militants rioted in three prisons: El Frontón, Lurigancho and Santa Mónica, taking advantage of the media coverage of the Socialist International congress taking place in Lima. Garcia's government commissioned the Armed Forces to put an end to the riot with a death toll of 244 people. Almost immediately, pro-guerrilla …
Combined forces detained about 150 people in Nuñoa between June 19 and July 12, 1986. Of the detainees, 88 people were transferred to Ayaviri. Some of the detainees died during or after the transfer. These detentions occurred in the context of the intensification of PCP-Sendero Luminoso actions in the Puno …
On June 18, 1986, detainees held for terrorism in three prisons in Lima and Callao (Lurigancho, El Frontón and Santa Bárbara) rioted. In Santa Barbara prison, two subversives died on June 19. The government ordered the Joint Command to have the military justice system carry out the necessary investigations to …
President Alan Garcia Perez addressed a message to the country on June 24, 1986, four days after the riot of terrorist detainees in three prisons in Lima and Callao (Lurigancho, El Fronton and Santa Barbara) occurred on June 18. In his message, the president condemned terrorism and reiterated his support …
A Peruvian Army helicopter allegedly killed 32 people in Pujas, Vilcashuamán, during the town's patron saint festival on October 8, 1986. Subsequently, on October 23, the Armed Forces Command issued communiqué 74 CCFFAA/RRPP, stating that the subversives were killed during a confrontation. This incident occurred in a context of intensified …
The Joint Command of the Armed Forces issued communiqué 74 CCFFAA/RRPP in response to an incident that occurred on Oct. 8 in Pujas, Vilcashuamán, during the town's patron saint festival. In the official communiqué, the Armed Forces stated that the subversives were killed during a confrontation. This statement came after …
The Joint Command of the Armed Forces issued official communiqués informing about upcoming military actions in the emergency zone. This announcement took place in a context of intensified counter-subversive operations and days after the Command of the Armed Forces issued communiqué 74 CCFFAA/RRPP on confrontations with subversives. The public announcement …
The self-defense groups in the communities studied were formed at the initiative of the Cangallo and Vilcas military bases. The ronderos began to organize in 1987. At the beginning, they had no weapons and only served as an alarm for the Base. The Base forced the formation of ronderos, first …
The IV Board of Directors of the FDCP called for a day of mass mobilization to take land and establish communal enterprises. Thousands of community members from all over the department marched towards the land they claimed as their own. The mobilization was concentrated mainly in Melgar, Azángaro and Carabaya. …
On October 8, 1987, on the anniversary of Ernesto Che Guevara's death, a contingent of eighty men of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) entered the town of Tabalosos in the department of San Martin. This action was part of a series of town seizures that the MRTA carried out …
In November 1987, the MRTA raided Juanjui as part of the 'Tupac Amaru Vive' Military Campaign. This action forced the government to decree a state of emergency and a curfew in San Martin. The incursion unleashed a strong state repression that included the persecution of union and popular leaders, especially …
The MRTA took over Juanjui and San José de Sisa in San Martin. As a result of this action, the Government handed over military control of the area to the Armed Forces. This seizure of towns was one of the most important actions of the MRTA in the San Martin …
A column of seventy MRTA members took the locality of Shatoja on November 8, 1987, as part of a series of coordinated actions in the department of San Martin. This seizure was part of a sequence of MRTA raids that included Juanjui (November 6), San Jose de Sisa (November 7), …
Between 1988 and 1990, the armed forces and the police forces carried out anti-drug and counter-subversive operations in Tocache, San Martin. These operations resulted in the displacement of the drug trafficking firms that were based in that area. The firms were forced to move to other areas of the country, …
During 1988 in the district of Carmen Alto, province of Huamanga, department of Ayacucho, cases of sexual violence were recorded in the context of arbitrary detentions. The events occurred as part of a pattern of human rights violations perpetrated by State forces during the internal armed conflict. The victims were …
During 1988 there was a sharp increase in law enforcement casualties, with a total of 141 fatalities (102 from the Armed Forces and 39 from the Police Forces), representing 8.4% of the total casualties during the entire conflict. This increase coincided with the period of the so-called 'jump to strategic …
In May 1988, a military patrol confronted a group of hikers in the town of Pucurhuay, killing a 2-year-old boy and a 14-year-old boy in the crossfire, as well as a local collaborator of the subversives. A few days after this confrontation, the villagers formed the Pucurhuay Civil Defense Committee …
Faced with the possibility of a similar event to that of Chongos Alto, where the PCP-SL had organized a Popular Committee and later carried out a massacre on April 12, 1989, the Llamapsillón community members decided to organize a self-defense patrol. This round was officially recognized by the Armed Forces …
In October 1988, a subversive column entered the town of Puyhuan and killed 15 villagers. This event occurred in the context of intensifying violence in the province of Acobamba, where Shining Path had been committing systematic murders against the civilian population since 1984. The attack was part of a series …
During 1989, multiple cases of sexual violence against women were recorded at the Uchiza Military Base. Testimonies documented by the CVR indicate that the rapes were part of a pattern of abuses committed by the military in the area. The context of military control in Uchiza implied restrictions of mobility …
During 1989, Peruvian law enforcement forces suffered 149 fatal casualties in the fight against armed subversion, representing 8.9% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire conflict. Of these casualties, 101 corresponded to the Armed Forces (mainly the Army) and 48 to the Police Forces. This year …
In 1989, subversives raided the town of Chupacc, where they killed 30 peasants. This attack was part of a series of violent incursions in the area, as in the same year they also attacked Santo Tomás de Pata, killing 25 peasants. These events occurred in a context where the zone …
In 1989, the APRA government ordered the Armed Forces to take charge of internal order in Lima and Callao, within the framework of a state of emergency. This measure was taken in a context of escalating subversive violence, particularly by the PCP-SL, which had intensified its actions in the capital. …
In 1989, subversives raided the town of Santo Tomás de Pata, where they killed 25 peasants. This attack was part of a series of violent incursions in the area, including the town of Chupacc where 30 peasants were killed. The zone was under the administration of the political-military command, in …
During 1989 in the district of Uchiza, province of Tocache, department of San Martin, multiple cases of sexual violence and abuse by members of the armed forces were registered. The testimonies documented by the CVR refer to the Uchiza Military Base as the place where these events took place. The …
In 1989, the MRTA established the military detachment called 'Róger López' in the area of Medio Mayo, as part of the expansion and territorial reorganization of the Northeastern Front. This detachment had as its area of influence the banks of the Mayo River in the province of Lamas. It was …
On February 28, 1989, one of the most bloody confrontations between the Self-Defense Committees and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took place in the community of San Francisco, province of Abancay, Apurimac. This confrontation resulted in the death of 30 ronderos (members of the Self-Defense Committees). The event occurred in the context …
On March 27, 1989, the PCP-SL attacked the police station in Uchiza, province of Mariscal Caceres. This attack marked a turning point with respect to the intervention of the Police and the Armed Forces in their fight against subversion in the coca-growing zone. The event demonstrated the level of territorial …
In the early morning of April 20, 1989, soldiers and police entered San Marcos and La Cantuta universities. This military intervention took place in a context of intensification of the anti-subversive struggle by the APRA government. The operation was part of the actions of the forces of law and order …
On May 2, 1989, one month after the Uchiza disaster, President Alan Garcia appointed Gen. Alberto Arciniegas as Political and Military Chief of Huallaga. He was installed in his position in a public ceremony in Uchiza, attended by the President of the Republic, the Minister of Defense Gen. Enrique López …
Faced with the possibility of an event similar to the April 12, 1989 massacre in Chongos Alto, the Llamapsillón community members decided to organize a self-defense patrol. This patrol was officially recognized by the Armed Forces in the town of Chaquicocha on June 24, 1989. This recognition is framed in …
The relatives corroborated the imprisonment of Raúl Salas Chocas, Wilson Salas Huanuco, Nicolás Chocas Cavero, Freddy Flores Salas, Teódulo Simón Yaringaño, Jaime Jesús Montalvo and José Camarena Peña, so a second Habeas Corpus Action was filed before the Correctional Court of Huancayo. No response was ever obtained from the judicial …
In the month of August, the vicariates made a distressing observation about the infiltration of the Shining Path and the armed forces in all types of popular organizations, mainly youth organizations. The members of the vicariates agree that they are going through a difficult moment where their analysis should be …
Two days before the armed strike called to boycott the municipal elections of November 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attempted to carry out an armed march as a form of propaganda and agitation. The march resulted in a violent confrontation with the forces of law and order that ended with three …
In November 1989, municipal elections were held in the central region of Peru, in a context of intense political violence. The Armed and Police Forces guaranteed that these elections would be held in almost all voting centers in the region, despite the active presence of the PCP-SL and the MRTA …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called an armed strike on November 3, 1989 with the intention of boycotting the municipal elections of that day. Two days before the strike, on November 1, the PCP-SL attempted to carry out an armed march as a form of propaganda and agitation, which resulted in a …
On December 17, 1989, the Peruvian Army ambushed a camp of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) near Puerto Bermudez, in the province of Oxapampa. This military action was part of the counter-subversive operations carried out by the Armed Forces against insurgent groups in different areas of the country. The …
A declarant detained at the Cayguanas Military Base in 1990 witnessed the rape of a woman accused of subversion. The testimony documents how during his detention he witnessed these acts of sexual violence committed against women detained under accusations of subversion. This case is part of the pattern of sexual …
In 1990, the MRTA established the Roberto Perez military detachment in Yurimaguas as part of the expansion and decentralization of the Tupacamarista Army in the Northeastern Front. This detachment was part of the eight zones controlled by MRTA in the department of San Martin, with a specific area of influence …
In 1990, the MRTA established the Bajo Huallaga military detachment as part of its organizational structure in the Northeastern Front. This detachment had as its area of influence the province of San Martin. It was part of a system of eight zones controlled by MRTA in the department of San …
During 1990, Peruvian law enforcement forces suffered 138 fatal casualties in the fight against armed subversion, which represents 8.2% of the total number of casualties of law enforcement forces during the entire conflict. Of these casualties, 93 corresponded to the Armed Forces (mainly the Army) and 45 to the Police …
Between 1990 and early 1992, the Peruvian Army carried out several military operations in the Tambo and Ene basins, attacking several communities controlled by the PCP-SL. In Quempiri, on May 13, 1990, the community fled to their farms when they heard three army helicopters. On May 14, 1991, the Sinchis …
In 1990, the MRTA set up the Alto Mayo military detachment as part of its organizational structure in the Northeastern Front. This detachment, called Wenceslao Saboya, had as its area of influence the provinces of Moyobamba and Rioja in the department of San Martin. It was part of the eight …
The coup plotters made an intelligence assessment in which they concluded that the forecasts on an electoral process, transfer of government and the next months of the new administration of the country within an orderly framework lack realism and could lead the Republic to the unleashing of a generalized social …
Rodolfo Angel Escobar Jurado, Administrative Secretary of the Huancavelica Human Rights Committee and APRODEH collaborator, was arrested at 7:00 p.m. by five individuals in civilian clothes, presumably members of the Army. The arrest occurred when he was leaving the Human Rights Committee's office located on Agustín Gamarra Avenue, near the …
In March 1990, there was an attack against the local Electoral Registry in Acobamba, province of Huancavelica. This attack was part of a series of violent actions that intensified in the area during the late 1980s and early 1990s. The event occurred in a context where the area was administered …
In November 1989 municipal elections were held, and in April and June 1990 presidential elections were held in the central region. The Armed and Police Forces guaranteed that these elections were held in almost all the voting centers in the region, despite the context of political violence in the area. …
The day after the elections, in a new intelligence assessment, the coup plotters explained the electoral result by affirming that there is a natural tendency of the Citizenry in periods of social, political and economic instability, to orient itself towards moderate and non-confrontational positions. The coup plans were suspended because …
In June 1990, second round presidential elections were held in the central region of Peru. The Armed and Police Forces guaranteed that these elections were held in almost all the voting centers in the region, despite the context of political violence generated by the PCP-SL and the MRTA. These elections …
Between June 10, the day of the second round of elections, and July 28, the day he took office, Fujimori spent several weeks in a suite in the Military Circle, under the pretext of watching over the security of the newly elected president. There he was initiated by Vladimiro Montesinos …
The government issued Supreme Decree 171-90-PCM, which specified that the actions of members of the Peruvian Armed Forces and National Police in areas declared in a state of emergency were subject to military justice. This decree stipulated that police officers and Armed Forces personnel accredited in the emergency zones remained …
The government issued Supreme Decree 171-90-PCM, which specified that the actions of members of the Peruvian Armed Forces and National Police in the zones declared in a state of emergency were subject to military justice. This decree established that police and Armed Forces personnel accredited in the emergency zones would …
In 1991 there was a turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the Central Jungle region. The Armed Forces, together with the Asháninka population organized in Rondas or Self-Defense Committees, began an important counter-offensive that hit the PCP-SL hard, especially in the Ene River area. Between 1991 and 1993, …
By 1991, specialists and institutions estimated that out of 55,000 Asháninkas in the Central Jungle, about 10,000 were forcibly displaced in the Ene, Tambo and Perené valleys. It is estimated that 6,000 people died during the conflict and about 5,000 people were held captive under the control of the PCP-SL. …
Members of the Armed Forces murdered 15 members of the Santa Bárbara peasant community. This case was later judged by the Military Justice, which applied criteria that minimized the responsibility of the perpetrators, arguing that they acted in a state of war psychosis and in compliance with their mission to …
The year 1991 marked a decisive turning point in the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive in the Central Jungle region. Beginning that year, the Armed Forces, together with the Asháninka population organized in Rondas or Self-Defense Committees, began an important counter-offensive that hit the PCP-SL hard, especially in the Ene River area. …
During 1991 and 1992 there were strong and continuous confrontations between the PCP-SL and the Rondas or Asháninka Self-Defense Committees in the Central Jungle. The year 1991 was the turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the region, when the Armed Forces together with the organized Asháninka population initiated …
During 1991 there was one of the highest number of fatalities among Peruvian law enforcement personnel in the internal armed conflict. According to information provided by the armed institutes and the Ministry of the Interior to the CVR, 207 law enforcement personnel died that year, representing 12.4% of the total …
In 1991, the Puerto Ocopa native community created a native patrol on its own initiative as part of the counter-offensive against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the central jungle. This patrol was formed in the context of the intensification of the counter-subversive struggle that was taking place in the Tambo and …
On January 31, 1991, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) raided a house in the district of San Borja, Lima, seizing the general archive of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL). In this operation they found the famous videos of the PCP-SL leadership dancing 'Zorba, the Greek'. This …
On January 31, 1991, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) raided a house in the district of San Borja, Lima, where they seized the general archive of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL). Among the confiscated materials were the famous videos showing the leadership of the PCP-SL dancing …
President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, in a message to the nation, shows fragments of one of the videos seized from the leadership of the PCP-SL. The videos had been seized on January 31, 1991 by the GEIN when they raided a house in the district of San Borja (Lima), where they …
The Congress enacts a law that supersedes Supreme Decree 171-90-PCM that had been issued in December 1990. This supreme decree established that the actions of members of the Peruvian Armed Forces and National Police in areas declared in a state of emergency were subject to military justice, and provided that …
On April 19, 1991, ronderos from Musoqpampa, in the district of La Merced, entered the town of Ccásir and arrested Pedro Cajamarca Navarro, a young man who had been recruited against his will by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The ronderos handed him over to the military at the counter-subversive base in …
After the confrontation of September 25, 1990 in the area known as 'La Roca' between ronderos and PCP-SL, many displaced villagers from the Tsiriari valley interpreted this event as a defeat for the Shining Path. This perception of victory over the subversive group generated conditions that the villagers considered safer …
In July 1991, for the first time, a state of emergency was decreed in the high provinces of the department of Cuzco. This measure was taken in a context of worsening PCP-Sendero Luminoso operations in the region. The period corresponds to the phase of counter-subversive strategies (1989-1992), when the Armed …
In mid-1991, the Armed Forces installed themselves in Vista Alegre, Chicche district, the entrance zone to the Canipaco valley. This military installation was part of the counter-subversive strategy in the region and marked the beginning of a permanent military presence in the area. From this base, the Army controlled the …
On July 30, 1991, there was a confrontation between the 'ronderos' (members of the Self-Defense Committees) of Santa Rosa and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the province of Grau, Apurímac. This confrontation is framed in the period of counter-subversive strategies (1989-1992), when the Armed Forces established an alliance with the peasantry …
On September 4, 1991, Rosa Pretell, supervisor of the UNE women's boarding school, was murdered. The crime was claimed by the PCP-SL, alleging that Rosa Pretell collaborated by providing information about the inmates to the Army. The students who knew her directly said that she was a snitch and that …
In 1991, during the government of Alberto Fujimori, Legislative Decree 734 was enacted authorizing the Armed Forces to enter prisons. The government considered that the subversion had control of the penitentiary centers, mainly the Miguel Castro Castro prison.
On November 8, 1991, Decree Law No. 741, called 'Law for the Recognition of the Self-Defense Committees', was enacted. This legal framework accepted the existence of multiple and diverse organizations of the civilian population, especially in rural areas, whose main function was to fight against subversion. According to the decree, …
In 1992, the communities of Julcamarca managed to consolidate the Rondas Campesinas with the support of the army and the ronderos of Lircay. This consolidation process took place in a context of intensifying violence in the area, where the Shining Path had been systematically attacking members of the Rondas Campesinas. …
In 1992, violence reached its highest peak in central Peru. Dynamite bombings, blackouts, sabotage, assassinations, disappearances, extrajudicial executions, arbitrary detentions and guerrilla fighting became daily occurrences. Fear and anxiety gripped the population throughout the region. Among the most serious events of that year were the Ulcumayo massacre on February 8, …
During 1991 and 1992 there were strong and continuous confrontations between the PCP-SL and the rondas or Asháninka self-defense committees in the Central Jungle. The year 1991 was the turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the region, when the Armed Forces together with the organized Asháninka population initiated …
In January 1992, the Peruvian Congress passed bills modifying the Executive Branch's legislative decrees on national pacification. The Senate approved a bill whereby the intervention of the Armed Forces in areas not declared in a state of emergency could be carried out at the request of the political authority or, …
The Manta Military Base in the district of Huancayo was the scene of human rights violations during 1992. The CVR report mentions this military base in the context of cases of sexual violence and other abuses committed during the internal armed conflict. The base is listed along with other military …
On April 5, 1992, at 10:30 p.m., the Constitutional President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, with the support of the police, announces the dissolution of the National Parliament and the total reorganization of the Judicial Power, the National Council of the Magistracy (CNM), the Court of Constitutional Guarantees and the Public Prosecutor's …
On April 5, 1992, President Alberto Fujimori, with the support of the Armed Forces and the police, dissolved the Congress of the Republic, intervened in the Judicial Power and installed an unconstitutional regime known as the 'Government of Emergency and National Reconstruction'. When the military coup perpetrators closed the Congress, …
The police operation known as "Mudanza Uno" (Move One) began in the Shining Path wards of the Miguel Castro Castro prison in order to transfer more than 100 women to the Santa Monica prison. Given the refusal of the PCP-SL inmates and the resistance, the operation lasted four days and …
In July 1992, the government of Alberto Fujimori enacted a new Defense System Law that granted broad powers to the military in the counter-subversive struggle. This legislation was part of a series of measures adopted after the self-coup of April 5, 1992, when Fujimori dissolved Congress and intervened in the …
Two days after the Tarata attack, the kidnapping and disappearance of the professor and 9 students of La Cantuta took place. Monsignor Jose Dammert, in his homily for national holidays, referred to the terrible wave of violence and proposed the implementation of sensible military measures that would not lead to …
Nancy Pimentel Cuellar, a student at the Enrique Guzmán y Valle University of Education, was arrested at her home in the early hours of October 10, 1992 by members of the Armed Forces, who beat her before taking her to DINCOTE. She was taken to the third floor of the …
The Permanent War Council of the Second Judicial Zone of the Army issued a sentence on the murder of 15 Santa Barbara community members. The sentence argued that the accused acted in a state of war psychosis and that the acts did not constitute homicide but abuse of authority. This …
Cases of sexual violence were recorded at the Las Palmas Military Base in 1993. A declarant was detained on May 17, 1993 in the district of Los Olivos, province and department of Lima. The acts of sexual violence occurred later that year at the Las Palmas Military Base. This case …
In 1993, a strict curfew was implemented in Tocache starting at 6:00 p.m. where no one was allowed to travel. People who urgently needed to travel had to pay to be able to do so. According to testimonies gathered by the CVR, this meant that in some cases women "had …
The brutal acts of the PCP-SL and its growing presence in local organizations forced the Armed Forces to establish a Military Base within VES, near the Zonal Park and Pachacamac. The military base was established with the supposed purpose of protecting district authorities and certain leaders threatened by the PCP-SL, …
In 1993, cases of sexual violence against women were registered in the Puchcas Community. The report mentions this locality in the context of testimonies of sexual violations committed by members of the armed forces. The community of Puchcas is referenced along with other localities where similar cases of sexual violence …
On April 20, 1993, in a tense session, General EP Hermoza Ríos exposed the institutional disclaimers of the Armed Forces before the members of the Human Rights Commission of the CCD. The following day, in an attitude of defiance and intimidation, he led an unusual and unprecedented parade of tanks …
The members of the military prosecuted for the murder of Hugo Bustíos filed a plea of res judicata in the common jurisdiction, which was declared founded by the Judicial Power, thus archiving the process. This decision exemplifies how the military justice system acted to guarantee impunity for members of the …
On October 20, 1993, shotguns and ammunition were delivered to nine Self-Defense Committees in the province of Paucartambo, in the department of Cuzco. This delivery of weapons was part of the counter-subversive strategy implemented by the Armed Forces in the southern Andean region during the pacification period. The Self-Defense Committees …
During her second detention in 1994, the declarant was taken to the barracks called 'La Veterinaria' in Trujillo. The acts of sexual violence took place in this military detention center. The La Veterinaria barracks is mentioned in the context of human rights violations during the internal armed conflict. The affiant …
The CVR report mentions the Huancavelica Military Base in the context of sexual violence during the internal armed conflict. Specific reference is made to cases of rape that resulted in pregnancies of the victims. The facts are documented in testimonies that indicate that the victims in both testimonies related to …
Beginning in 1994, the armed forces assumed definitive control of the Upper Huallaga area after years of PCP-Sendero Luminoso domination. This control was consolidated after the PCP-SL began to retreat to the left bank of the Huallaga River in 1992, losing control of the villages on the right bank due …
During 1994, sexual violence occurred in the barracks called 'La Veterinaria' in Trujillo. A declarant was detained for the second time in 1994 in Trujillo and taken to this barracks, where the reported events occurred. The barracks was a military facility used to detain people accused of terrorism. The testimonies …
During 1994, Peruvian law enforcement suffered 67 fatal casualties in the internal armed conflict, representing 4.0% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period investigated. Of these casualties, 52 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 15 to the Police Forces. This year is in the period …
In February 1994, the Armed Forces took definitive control of the left bank of the Huallaga River, putting an end to the constant incursions by both the Army and the PCP-SL that had affected the populations settled in that area. From approximately 1990 until the first two months of 1994, …
Between April and May 1994, the Armed Forces carried out Operation Aries with the objective of eliminating the presence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the area. The operation involved intense military patrol activity and even aerial bombardment of villages and homes with rocket grenades from helicopters. The areas of greatest …
Since April 5, 1994, Operation Aries was implemented with aerial bombardments using helicopter gunships and rocket fighter planes. The Armed Forces prepared special companies trained with Israeli techniques. The operation caused indiscriminate death of villagers. In Puerto Moyuna, on April 8, the military tortured and executed Jesús Vera Virgilio and …
On April 21, 1994, the weekly Caretas published an article describing the discovery of the body of a young woman and five unrecognizable bodies in Moyuna. Journalists Cecilia Valenzuela, Oscar Medrano of Caretas, along with Gilberto Hume and Josefina Townsend of CNN and Channel 9, were in the area of …
The pro-Fujimori congressman Oswaldo Sandoval presented a motion of condemnation against the National Human Rights Coordinator (CNDDHH) for having disseminated, according to him, "without objective and real evidence", the accusations against the armed forces during Operation Aries. The motion was approved by the government majority of the Democratic Constituent Congress …
On September 17, 1994, the process of returning displaced families in the central jungle officially began as part of a campaign promoted by the government and the Armed Forces. However, it was not until 1995 that the majority of displaced families began to return to their original communities. Many had …
Beginning in 1995, the majority of displaced families began to return to the sites of their original communities in the central jungle. The return process had officially begun on September 17, 1994, as part of a campaign promoted by the government and the Armed Forces. However, many of those who …
During 1995, 132 law enforcement fatalities were recorded in the internal armed conflict, representing 7.9% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period. Of these casualties, 104 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 28 to the Police Forces. A new and brief increase in casualties was …
Beginning in 1995, land and river transit began to be regularized, which had been interrupted for several years due to the internal armed conflict. This transit normalization process took place in the context of the return of displaced families to their original communities in the central jungle, a process that …
The General Amnesty Law for military personnel is approved, which benefits members of the armed forces accused of human rights violations. This law generates strong national and international controversy because it prevents the prosecution of cases such as La Cantuta and others.
The plenary of Congress approved with 43 votes in favor and one against the organic bill creating the Ombudsman's Office. However, the text excluded from the Ombudsman's functions the possibility of entering the barracks and premises of the Armed Forces.
Congressmen from different parties proposed to Congress to appoint an investigative commission on the military situation and the relationship with the Armed Forces and the National Intelligence Service of those who were sentenced for the murder of a teacher and nine students of La Cantuta, as well as those who …
By means of Decree Law No. 824, Congress ordered the definitive withdrawal of the armed forces from the fight against drug trafficking. This decision was taken after years of evidence of the harmful effects of drug trafficking among the military ranks and its corrupting sequel, which contributed to the discredit …
On November 26, 1996, retired General Rodolfo Robles was kidnapped and tried by the Supreme Council of Military Justice. Days before he had recognized Luis Sauñi as a member of the Colina Group on the program La Clave and made strong accusations against the secret operations of the SIN. His …
On April 22, 1997 at 3:27 p.m., Operation Chavin de Huantar was launched to rescue 71 hostages from the Japanese ambassador's residence. The operation was led by EP Colonel José Williams Zapata with 143 commandos. Explosives were detonated under the room where the ambassadors were playing soccer. Magistrate Carlos Giusti …
After a huge and well-publicized military operation to surround him, the dissident Shining Path leader Oscar Ramírez Durand, Feliciano, who had rejected Abimael Guzmán's peace agreement proposal and kept the people's war initiated in 1980, was captured near the city of Huancayo. Ramirez Durand was the last of the top …
During 2000, 8 law enforcement fatalities were recorded as a result of the internal armed conflict, representing 0.5% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period under investigation. This figure includes 6 members of the Armed Forces and 2 members of the Police Forces. The year …
A resident of Moya, Huancavelica, Huancavelica suffered the murder of her parents and other family members by members of the Armed Forces. The testimony was collected in Lima in January 2003. This case illustrates the victims' adaptive attempts that included passivity and accommodation to the new situation following the violence. …
Interview with a former local authority in Sancos about the period of political violence. The testimony addresses the assassination, flight or imposition of authorities that generated a local power vacuum during the internal armed conflict. The interview is part of the documentation on the destructuring of the system of communal …
In-depth interview conducted by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in the community of Pujas, department of Ayacucho, in August 2002. This interview is part of the TRC's research work on human rights violations during the internal armed conflict. The testimony collected in this interview is mentioned in the context of …
During September 2002, the TRC collected multiple testimonies in the department of Huanuco on various acts of violence that occurred during the internal armed conflict. The testimonies include cases of forced disappearances, murders and sexual violence perpetrated mainly by State agents. Among the documented cases is the testimony of the …
During the internal armed conflict in Monzón, Huamalies, Huánuco, cases of detention and sexual violence against women were recorded. Most of the sexual abuses were imputed to members of the Armed Forces, especially on those they detained, as part of the torture inflicted. The victims showed their enormous pain and …
During October 2002, the TRC collected multiple testimonies in Ayacucho on various acts of violence that occurred during the internal armed conflict. The testimonies include accounts of killings, disappearances, torture and sexual violence perpetrated by both the Shining Path and State forces. The statements document cases in various locations in …
Testimony collected in Lima in January 2003 from a resident of Moya, Huancavelica, Huancavelica. The affiant suffered the murder of her parents and other family members by members of the Armed Forces. The testimony is part of the documentation on the psychological and emotional impacts of violence, specifically related to …
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