The reopening of the San Cristobal de Huamanga National University in 1959 revitalized the city of Huamanga and connected the region with the country's renewal and progress movement. The university became a focus of cultural, political and economic development, spreading progressive ideas and distancing itself from traditional sectors. This event …
In 1962 Abimael Guzmán joined the UNSCH as a teacher. He soon became one of the main promoters of the political work of the FER and the Communist Party in the university and the region. In 1964 Guzmán was appointed Director of the Basic Cycle (General Studies) and later became …
The 1965 guerrilla movement was an insurgent movement that had a significant impact on the communities in the Oreja de Perro area. After these events, the communities of Mollebamba, Santa Carmen, Oronqoy, among others, created communal schools in 1967. In 1973, Abimael Guzman gave a talk at the Ongoy high …
After the split of Red Flag in 1967, the red faction of the "José Carlos Mariátegui Regional Committee" (CRJCM), led by Abimael Guzmán, carried out a series of activities and plenary sessions in Lima. This split marked a crucial moment in the history of the Peruvian radical left, giving rise …
In 1968 the Red Flag Youth shows discrepancies against its national leadership asking Abimael Guzman to lead a new division. Guzmán did not accept and finally the youth and teachers' bases promoted the formation of a new party known as the PCP-Patria Roja. Previously, in 1965 the PCP-Bandera Roja had …
In 1969, after the promulgation of Law 17437, Abimael Guzmán achieved a presence in the Executive Council of the UNSCH and occupied the important positions of Personnel and Student Welfare. The presence of Guzmán and Antonio Díaz Martínez in these positions was not only due to the political strength of …
In 1969, following internal disputes within the Communist Party of Peru - Bandera Roja, Abimael Guzmán and his faction broke away to form a new political organization known as PCP Sendero Luminoso. This organization was named after the slogan used by the Revolutionary Student Front (FER) at the National University …
In February 1969, the Peruvian military government, shortly after coming to power through a coup, enacted Decree Law 17437. This law temporarily dissolved student institutions and established the National Council of the Peruvian University (CONUP) to centralize university management and control. The decree faced opposition from various academic circles, including …
The entry of law enforcement into the city of Huanta and the subsequent repression of mobilized peasants and students marked a significant event in the history of the Peruvian left. These events were pivotal in the reconstitution of the Communist Party, particularly influencing the faction led by Abimael Guzmán. Despite …
In 1970, following internal conflicts within the PCP-Bandera Roja, Abimael Guzmán established the PCP-Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) in Ayacucho, Peru. This new faction emerged from the CR 'José Carlos Mariátegui' and was influenced by Guzmán's ideological vision. The split was marked by Guzmán's isolation from the main party, leading to …
In 1973, the high school of Ongoy, located in the province of Andahuaylas, experienced a process of politicization. Abimael Guzman, leader of the Shining Path, visited the school and gave a talk to the students. In his presentation, Guzman addressed issues such as poverty in Peru, Agrarian Reform and made …
In 1973, the high school of Ongoy, located in the province of Andahuaylas, experienced a process of politicization. Abimael Guzman, leader of the Shining Path, visited the school and gave a talk to the students. In his presentation, Guzman addressed topics such as poverty in Peru, Agrarian Reform and made …
In 1973, a publication emerged from the Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga (UNSCH) that reinterpreted the works of José Carlos Mariátegui, presenting him as a precursor of Maoism and establishing a new orthodoxy. This publication was part of a broader strategy by the Shining Path to use the …
In 1973, the Revolutionary Student Front (FER) of Huamanga, a member of the José Carlos Mariátegui Regional Committee (CRJCM) led by Abimael Guzmán, printed a series of leaflets that circulated clandestinely in the universities of Huamanga and Lima. On the cover of these leaflets appeared the profile of José Carlos …
Abimael Guzmán visited the Ongoy school in 1975, invited by the school's teachers, when one of the interviewees was a high school student. The talks dealt with the national reality and the problem of the peasantry, focusing his discourse on criticizing the Agrarian Reform and the seizure of land. He …
In 1975, Abimael Guzmán, a key figure in the Shining Path (PCP-SL), visited a school in Ongoy, Peru, as an invited professor from the University San Cristóbal de Huamanga. During his visit, Guzmán delivered lectures to students focusing on national issues and the challenges faced by the peasantry. He criticized …
In 1975, Abimael Guzmán was definitively dismissed as a professor in the Faculty of Education of the UNSCH. This faculty, which had been used in a partisan manner by Guzmán's group, began to be reorganized, which greatly weakened the presence of the PCP-SL inside the UNSCH. In the following years …
In June 1975, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began the reconstitution of the party, incorporating new militants and rethinking the development of the people's war in the city. When a contradiction appeared within the Regional Committee, Abimael Guzmán opted to hold the Convention of the Regional Committee 'June 14' in Lima, specifically …
In May 1976, the first workers' cell of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) carried out a leafleting campaign in different districts of the capital. This action was framed in the context of the XIII Convention of the Regional Committee "June 14" held in Lima, where it …
Nilda Atanasio, a former student of Abimael Guzmán, played a significant role in the ideological penetration and consolidation of the PCP-SL at the National University of Education (UNE) in Lima during the 1970s. Her activities included forming study circles and engaging in open proselytism for the Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) …
Taking advantage of the suspension of individual guarantees, Abimael Guzmán Reinoso was captured, but was quickly released. Apparently there was intervention by members of the Police Forces and the EP to expedite his release. This capture and release occurred in the context of the state of emergency declared after the …
In November 1979, during the I National Conference of the PCP-SL, Abimael Guzmán emphasized the need for the militarization of the party, which marked the beginning of an intensified internal armed conflict in Peru. The PCP-SL, under the ideology of 'Pensamiento Gonzalo', adopted a strategy of 'popular war', forming the …
Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) emerged as an unexpected adversary in Peru, initiating its conflict in Ayacucho in 1980. The group, led by Abimael Guzmán, capitalized on the weak state presence in rural areas and the lack of preparedness of local police forces. Despite the government's initial reluctance to involve the …
Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL), declared the attainment of 'strategic equilibrium' in the revolutionary war. This proclamation marked a significant shift in the group's strategy, emphasizing the preparation for an offensive to conquer power throughout the country. The decision sparked debate among …
In April 1980, the Central Committee of the PCP-SL held the first Military School in Jicamarca, Chaclacayo. This school was personally directed by Abimael Guzmán, maximum leader of the PCP-SL. The main objective of this military school was to develop the militarization of the party and to prepare for the …
In April 1980, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) conducted its first Military School in Jicamarca, Chaclacayo, under the leadership of Abimael Guzmán. During this event, the decision was made to initiate a nationwide armed struggle, marking the beginning of a prolonged conflict …
In May 1980, violence erupted in Chuschi, Peru, coinciding with the country's transition back to a constitutional government after twelve years of military dictatorship. The initial detentions of members of the Communist Party of Peru, Shining Path (PCP-SL), revealed the inadequacies of the prison system in handling ideologically driven inmates. …
Meeting of the Enlarged Central Committee of the PCP-SL held between August 8 and 24, 1980, where Abimael Guzman was accused of deviating from Maoism. His proposal to move the theater of war from the countryside to the city was labeled 'hoxhist', an accusation crucially unfavorable to his leadership. Guzman …
The leadership of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) evaluated the initial months of their armed struggle during a meeting on 8 August 1980. The party's leader, Abimael Guzmán, expressed enthusiasm over the success of their initial actions, which he claimed had shaken the country and placed …
On February 24, university professor Luis Kawata Makabe, an opponent of Abimael Guzmán Reinoso within the PCP-SL but considered his lieutenant by the press at the time, was captured in Ayacucho. His capture was presented as an important blow against the structure of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso.
In May 1981, the revolutionary group Sendero Luminoso, led by Abimael Guzmán, initiated a violent campaign to overthrow the Peruvian government. This campaign involved brutal attacks on police posts and state authorities, as well as efforts to establish new power structures in rural areas. Despite early warnings and intelligence reports, …
Feliciano', political commander of the Regional Committee of the Center between 1981 and 1985, wrote a letter to Abimael Guzman informing that a detachment had been formed with several students from the University of the Center of Huancayo. This letter is evidence of the early organization of the PCP-SL in …
The PCP-SL celebrated Abimael Guzmán Reinoso's birthday with simultaneous attacks in Lima and Ayacucho during December 1982. This wave of attacks was part of an escalation of violence that characterized the end of that year. The attacks occurred in a context of growing terrorist activity that led the Armed Forces …
On Abimael Guzman's birthday, the PCP-SL decided to make official the birth of its so-called 'People's Guerrilla Army'. This decision marked a milestone in the military structure of the subversive organization. Shortly after this officialization, the Armed Forces took charge of the counter-subversive struggle in Ayacucho.
In 1983, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) initiated the formation of the People's Republic of New Democracy, with Abimael Guzmán, known as 'President Gonzalo', as its leader. This marked the centralization of power within the party and the beginning of a campaign to 'conquer bases', which …
The Lucanamarca massacre was a violent event perpetrated by the Shining Path (PCP-SL) in 1983 in the village of Lucanamarca, Peru. The massacre was part of the broader internal conflict in Peru, where the Shining Path targeted civilians as part of their revolutionary strategy. The leader of the Shining Path, …
The central leadership of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso directly decided to carry out this massacre in retaliation for the organization of self-defense patrols in the area and the death of one of their local cadres. The final toll was 79 community members (including children, women and the elderly) brutally murdered with …
A number of approximately 80 hikers, among men and women, attacked Lucanamarca in the most merciless manner. As the column descended from the ranches, it assassinated peasants, women and men, children and the elderly, resulting in 69 deaths. The massacre was claimed by Abimael Guzmán in 1988 as a decision …
General EP Clemente Noel Moral, head of the Political Military Command of Ayacucho, filed a complaint before the ad hoc prosecutor for terrorism Ricardo Pequeño Valdivia against several university leaders and authorities. Among those accused were Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, Julio César Mezzich, former UNSCH rectors Efraín Morote Best and Enrique …
General EP Clemente Noel Moral, head of the Political Military Command of Ayacucho, filed a complaint before the ad hoc prosecutor for terrorism Ricardo Pequeño Valdivia against several university leaders and authorities. Among those accused were Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, Julio César Mezzich, former UNSCH rectors Efraín Morote Best and Enrique …
Relatives of Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, leader of the PCP-SL, reportedly contacted French diplomatic officials. The purpose of this contact was to inquire about the possibility of political asylum for their relative. This event occurred in a context of intensified political violence and operations against the PCP-SL. The contact with French …
During the IV Plenum of the Central Committee of the PCP-SL in 1986, Abimael Guzmán sought to consolidate power by pushing dissonant voices into a corner, labeling their objections as 'antagonistic contradictions' that threatened the party's survival. The session highlighted a clear division between the Central Directorate members and other …
In 1986, the Comités de Autodefensa became a significant adversary to the PCP-SL (Shining Path) in Peru. The mass mobilization of the peasantry against the Shining Path's project was not acknowledged by its leader, Abimael Guzmán, as a strategic error. This conflict highlighted the disconnect between the central leadership and …
In 1986, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) expanded its operations across the Peruvian highlands, challenging the newly elected government of Alan García. Despite initial hopes for a change in counter-subversive policies, the PCP-SL, led by Abimael Guzmán, sought to delegitimize the APRA government by inciting violent …
Twenty hikers entered the town of Chupa on February 16, 1986, capturing the town's main authorities. During the seizure, the main stores were looted and the food they stored was distributed among the population. This action was exhibited by Abimael Guzmán in his document of August 1986 as proof of …
The 1986 prison massacre had a symbolic impact on the National University of Education. Shortly after these events, the portrait of Abimael Guzmán was drawn on the walls of the university dining hall at La Cantuta, symbolically representing the PCP-SL's domination of the university. This marked a turning point in …
In 1987, violence in the Peruvian internal armed conflict began to escalate again, after a period of decline that reached its lowest point in 1986. This new period of escalation reached a peak in 1989 and remained at relatively high levels until 1992, the year of Abimael Guzmán's capture. Although …
From 1987 onwards, there was an upsurge in violence that reached another peak in 1989 and remained at relatively high levels until 1992. This new escalation was provoked by the expansion of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's actions into new regional scenarios, in what they called the 'leap to strategic balance'. The …
In 1987, the Pilot Plan of the Revolutionary Movement for the Defense of the People (MRDP), an organization created by the PCP-SL, began to take shape. This plan had as its objective the construction of revolutionary support bases in the city of Lima, as well as the organization of armed …
In 1988, Abimael Guzmán gave the so-called 'Interview of the Century', in which he announced the siege of the city of Lima as part of the strategic balance of the PCP-SL. This interview marked a turning point in the subversive strategy, indicating the intention of turning Metropolitan Lima into the …
Showing 1–50 of 195 events
2016
2016
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2011
Showing 1–50 of 191 items