In 1940, Alto Huallaga was home to 11,623 inhabitants, representing a relatively small population compared to later decades. This figure contrasts significantly with the subsequent population growth: in 1981 it reached 134,600 inhabitants and in 1988 it had a population of 200,000 people. Population growth was related to the colonization …
The Alto Huallaga area was occupied with greater intensity since the beginning of the 1950s by settlers and migrants coming mainly from the highlands of Huánuco, Huancayo, Junín and Cerro de Pasco. These settlers were encouraged, most of the time, by the State through colonization projects (such as Tingo María-Tocache-Campanilla), …
In 1965, the Asháninka people found themselves caught in the violence between the guerrilla group Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionario (MIR) and the Peruvian military. The MIR, led by José De la Puente Uceda, moved their operations to the Asháninka territory in the province of Satipo, Junín, as military repression intensified. …
In 1971, the Sociedad Agraria de Interés Social (SAIS) Cahuide, the largest peasant enterprise in the department of Junín and the entire country created by the agrarian reform, recorded revenues valued at 599,077,830 in 1979. This was one of the most profitable years in its history. SAIS employed 'foreign' professionals …
Until 1975, coca leaf production in Alto Huallaga was mainly destined to supply the traditional demand. Its main consumers were the peasants of Huánuco, Cerro de Pasco, Junín and Andean migrants in Lima and other departments of the northern coast. The business was profitable and many coastal and highland traders …
The Sociedad Agraria de Interés Social (SAIS) Cahuide, the largest peasant enterprise in the department of Junín and the entire country created by the agrarian reform, could not avoid the effects of the 1976 economic crisis. This crisis, together with the contradictions inherent to its structure and organization, seriously affected …
During the period 1980-2000, the department of Junín registered 984 Quechua-speaking and 807 Spanish-speaking deaths and disappearances. Among the Quechua-speaking victims, the Shining Path PCP was responsible for 666 victims, the State Agents for 128, the CADS for 60, the MRTA for 50, and 80 undetermined cases. Among the Spanish-speaking …
By the last months of 1980, the PCP-SL had already made contact with some mining settlements in Huancavelica, specifically those located near the department of Ayacucho. The mining centers contacted were Cobriza, Julcani and La Mejorada, located in the provinces of Churcampa and Angaraes respectively. This contact was relatively early …
On May 17, 1980, the same day that in Chuschi a group of PCP-SL militants burned the ballot boxes and electoral material, initiating their 'people's war', another group of Shining Pathists threw dynamite firecrackers at the Provincial Council and the CE No. in Huancayo. This attack marked the beginning of …
On July 20, 1980, militants of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) blew up a section of the railroad connecting La Oroya with Cerro de Pasco. This attack was part of the first violent actions of the PCP-SL in the central region of Peru, specifically in the …
On August 17, 1980, PCP-SL (Shining Path) militants set fire to the Santa Rosa de Sacco District Council in the province of Yauli. This attack was part of the first violent actions of the PCP-SL in the central region of Peru, specifically in the department of Junin. The burning of …
On August 26, 1980, Shining Path militants threw dynamite firecrackers at the Provincial Council of Tarma. This attack was part of the first subversive actions of the PCP-SL in the department of Junin, during the first months of the beginning of the so-called "people's war". The attack was part of …
Alleged subversives set fire to the pastures of the SAIS "Ramón Castilla" in the province of Tarma. This event is part of a series of initial attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the Agrarian Societies of Social Interest (SAIS) in the central region of Peru. The attack is framed in …
The PCP-SL experienced a first moment of advance in the area of the SAIS Cahuide between 1983 and 1984, coinciding with its withdrawal from the area of Manta and Vilcas (Huancavelica) in 1983 when a military base was installed. The first PCP-SL incursion into SAIS Cahuide took place in December …
The Communist Party of Peru-Sendero Luminoso withdrew from the area of Manta and Vilcas in the department of Huancavelica during 1983. This withdrawal coincided with the installation of a military base in the area. The movement of the PCP-SL from this area was part of a moment of advance of …
On August 19, 1983, the Peruvian Army perpetrated a massacre in Tsiriari, department of Junin. Eighty fatalities were recorded, of which 79 were unidentified and one was identified as a woman. The remains found showed evidence of sexual violence prior to the murder. One of the victims showed clear signs …
On December 11, 1983, villagers from various communities in the districts of Vilca, Manta and Acobambilla (province of Huancavelica) were gathered by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Vilca. The subversives organized these villagers as a 'mass' to assault three Production Units of SAIS Cahuide: Tucle, Laive and Antapongo, located …
In October 1984, the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) carried out its first public actions outside Lima, specifically in the city of Huancayo. This event marked the territorial expansion of the MRTA into the central region of the country. The appearance of MRTA in Huancayo contributed to the intensification of …
In October 1984, the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) made its public appearance in the department of Junin through a symbolic act: the raising of its flag at different points in the city of Huancayo. This action marks the beginning of the MRTA's activities in the central region of the …
Between 1985 and 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered a stage of retreat after the violent state repression in Ayacucho and penetration into other social and geographic spaces. It sought to generate support bases and expand its actions in the central, northeastern and southern Andean regions and in the cities. It …
In March and April 1985, there were bomb attacks against the party offices of the main political parties in Junín. The attacks were directed against the offices of Acción Popular, Partido Popular Cristiano, PAP (Partido Aprista Peruano) and Izquierda Unida. The premises of the Provincial Electoral Registry were also attacked. …
In October 1985, Shining Path carried out a dynamite attack against a locomotive in La Oroya. This attack was part of a series of violent actions by the PCP-SL against the mining and transportation infrastructure in the central region of Peru. The attack was part of the Shining Path's strategy …
From 1986-1988, the internal armed conflict in Peru took on a relatively more national character, expanding beyond the department of Ayacucho where it had been practically confined between 1982 and 1985. This period marked a new phase of the conflict characterized by the expansion of the actions of the PCP-Sendero …
The presence of PCP-SL militants in the districts of Ninacaca and Vicco, province of Pasco, has been registered since 1986, arriving later than in other areas of the department. Two years later, in 1988, the leaders of the Ninacaca Communal Cooperative were assassinated, while some animals were slaughtered to supply …
On July 22, 1986, a subversive contingent of the PCP-SL took over the farmhouse of the Atoccsaico Production Unit, one of the seven production units of the SAIS Túpac Amaru. During this raid, the Shining Path militants assassinated the Administrator of the production unit. This attack was part of a …
On October 25, 1986, PCP-SL (Shining Path) militants killed the Administrator of the Consacc Production Unit and wounded the Deputy Administrator. Consacc was one of the production units of SAIS Túpac Amaru, located in the province of Jauja. This attack was part of a systematic campaign of destruction of the …
At the end of 1987, the PCP-SL managed to establish armed columns that moved relatively freely between the highlands and jungle of Junín, which allowed it to decree armed strikes with greater frequency in the areas where it exercised control. The PCP-SL began to gain greater presence in the central …
In the last months of 1987, the smaller and more remote hamlets, located southeast of the plateau in the area of the Cahuide SAIS in Junín, began to be victims of looting perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The looting included food and horses, as well as forced recruitment of villagers. …
From 1987 onwards, systematic attacks by the PCP-SL against the infrastructure and officials of SAIS Cahuide increased. These attacks were part of a second stage of violence, after an initial breakthrough between 1983 and 1984. The PCP-SL took advantage of internal SAIS conflicts, including contradictions between partner and non-partner communities, …
In 1987, the PCP-SL made its public appearance in the Cunas area, after 7 years of political and military experience in Ayacucho and Huancavelica. The communities of San Juan de Jarpa and San José de Quero (Alto Cunas) were convulsed by the action of the PCP-SL columns. This appearance marked …
From the second half of 1987, the PCP-SL organized popular committees in the territory of many communities in Junín, settling in the Canipaco valley in mid 1988. By the end of 1987, the PCP-SL had armed columns that moved relatively freely from one zone to another in the highlands and …
In 1987, the MRTA began military operations on a larger scale, with the central jungle being the main scenario of the Tupacamarista Popular Army's actions. The Alto and Bajo Yurinaki, Pichanaki; Villarica, Palcazú and Puerto Bermúdez, in the province of Oxapampa and, to a lesser extent, for a very short …
At the end of 1987, the PCP-SL consolidated armed columns that moved relatively freely between the highland and jungle zones of Junín. This mobilization capacity allowed it to decree more frequent "armed strikes" in the areas where it had influence and exercised greater control. The PCP-SL began to gain greater …
On August 22, 1987, the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) dynamited a branch of the Agrarian Bank located in Satipo, province of Junin. After the bombing, MRTA members raised the movement's flag at the site. This attack was part of a series of armed actions that MRTA had been carrying …
On September 12, 1987, a PCP-SL hiker column successively raided the districts of Cochas and Comas, in the Tulumayo basin. This event marks the beginning of the PCP-SL's violent activities in the Tulumayo region. The incursion is part of the new escalation of trekking operations that began in 1987 in …
On September 12, 1987, a Shining Path column of the PCP-SL successively raided the district capitals of Cochas and Comas, in the Tulumayo basin. During these incursions, the Shining Pathists threatened the local authorities and demanded their resignation, distributing a communiqué stating that the Communist Party of Peru had been …
Faced with the increase in subversive actions and the territorial expansion of the PCP-SL and MRTA in the region, Alan Garcia's government declared the provinces of Chanchamayo, Oxapampa and Satipo in a state of emergency in 1988. This measure was taken in response to the growing control that both subversive …
From 1986-1988, the internal armed conflict in Peru acquired a relatively more national character, expanding beyond its initial epicenter in Ayacucho. This expansion coincided with the 'leap to strategic balance' undertaken by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and a refinement of the State's counter-subversive strategy. Between 1989 and 1991, the central region, …
The hikers took the young women to the park called Ushlalatuco, where they raped them and prepared them physically and militarily. They also trained them to loot animals and learned how to handle weapons so that they could carry out raids. The girls who suffered these acts were sixteen years …
In the last months of 1988, a state of emergency was decreed throughout the department of Junín. This decree was a response to the intensification of PCP-SL violence in the region, which included the destruction of police posts in Chongos Alto and Yanacancha in mid-1988, and multiple incursions into communities …
In mid-1988, the PCP-SL destroyed the police posts that the police had established in Chongos Alto and Yanacancha to guard the Canipaco valley area. These police posts represented the presence of the State in the region, where land conflicts were developing between communities and SAIS Cahuide. The army had been …
Since the second semester of 1987, the PCP-SL organizes popular committees in the territory of many communities of Junín, settling in the Canipaco valley since mid 1988. The communities of Alto and Bajo Tulumayo are convulsed by the action of the PCP-SL columns, as well as the communities of San …
The districts of Paucartambo and Huachón, located in the department of Pasco, together with Ninacaca, Vicco, Carhuamayo and Ulcumayo were part of the same PCP-SL area of operations. Subversive activity in these districts began around 1988, approximately six years later than in other districts in the north of Junín province. …
In 1988, PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants assassinated the leaders of the Ninacaca Communal Cooperative. During this raid, in addition to the assassination of the leaders, some animals were slaughtered to supply the PCP-SL militants, while others were distributed among the villagers. The presence of PCP-SL militants in Ninacaca and the neighboring …
On February 10, 1988, PCP-SL militants launched a wave of simultaneous dynamite attacks against multiple targets in the city of Huancayo. Targets attacked included the Departmental Directorate of Junin, the Savings Bank, the District Council of El Tambo, the Superior Court of Justice, the Junin Development Corporation, the Bank of …
In March 1989, around 30 armed MRTA men attacked the Pichanaki police post in Chanchamayo province. This attack was part of the MRTA's operations in the central jungle during its period of expansion in the area. A few days after this attack, the subversives marched into the Junin highlands to …
In May 1988, a general assembly of members approved the "restructuring" of SAIS Cahuide, the largest peasant enterprise in the department of Junín and the entire country created by the agrarian reform. This decision came about as a result of the economic crisis that had affected the company since 1976, …
In June 1988, a Shining Path PCP column attacked the village of Cuticsa in the department of Junin. During this attack, 11 peasants were killed. This attack was part of a series of violent incursions by the PCP-SL in the region during that period, which also included the attack on …
In October 1988, the entire department of Junin and the province of Oxapampa were declared in a state of emergency. By that time, the Shining Path PCP had organized numerous Popular Committees in the Ene valley, which were set up as support bases for their incursions. Despite the state of …
In October 1988, the entire department of Junín and the province of Oxapampa in Pasco, Peru, were declared in a state of emergency due to the activities of the Shining Path (PCP-SL). The group had established numerous People's Committees in the Ene Valley, expanding their influence to various districts and …
In October 1988, a column of the Shining Path PCP attacked the town of Puyhuán in the province of Junín. During this attack, the subversive group killed 15 peasants. This attack was part of a series of violent incursions by the PCP-SL in the region during that period, including a …
In November 1988, due to the increase in the number of attacks and victims caused by the PCP-SL and the MRTA, Alan Garcia's government decreed a State of Emergency in all provinces and districts of Junin. Army General Manuel Delgado Rojas was appointed as Chief of the Political Military Command. …
In response to increasing violence from the PCP-SL and MRTA, the government of Alan García declared a State of Emergency in all provinces and districts of Junín in November 1988. This led to the military taking control, resulting in numerous human rights violations, including threats, kidnappings, torture, extrajudicial killings, and …
On November 4, 1988, a State of Emergency was declared in the department of Junín, Peru, through Supreme Decree N°044-88-IN. This decree suspended constitutional guarantees related to personal freedom and security, inviolability of domicile, freedom of assembly, and freedom of movement. The state of emergency was extended multiple times and …
On November 11, 1988, César Valentín Palomino, provincial mayor of Huancayo, was assassinated. This crime took place in a context of intensifying political violence in the department of Junin, where both the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the MRTA were active. The assassination of democratically elected authorities was a recurrent tactic of …
The Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) carried out an armed strike in the department of Junin on December 20, 1988. This event took place in a context of worsening Shining Path violence in the Junin region during that month. The armed strike was part of the PCP-SL's …
On December 29, 1988, an assembly ratified the liquidation of Sociedad Agraria de Interés Social (SAIS) Cahuide, the largest peasant enterprise in the department of Junín and the entire country created by the agrarian reform. This decision came after years of economic crisis that began in 1976, with a drastic …
Supreme Decree 049-88-IN declared a State of Emergency in the department of Junín and the Political Military Command assumed political control. This measure was part of the State's counter-subversive strategy and had important repercussions in the UNCP and the region.
In response to increasing violence and subversive activities by the PCP-SL, the Peruvian government declared a state of emergency in the department of Junín on December 30, 1988. The Peruvian Army was tasked with combating the insurgency. This period was marked by significant conflict, including sabotage and armed propaganda, as …
On December 30, 1988, a State of Emergency was declared in the department of Junín, Peru, and the Comando Político Militar assumed political control. This period marked an escalation in military and police actions against subversive groups, particularly within the Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú (UNCP). The intervention aimed …
The witness's sister was sexually assaulted by two subversives in 1989. When the first one finished, the other abused her in the same way. Then they left her and fed her some cookies, threatening to disappear her if she told her family. The victim began to bleed, did not scream …
In 1989, violent confrontations took place between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and organized peasants from the communities of Chupaca and Santo Tomás de Paca in the department of Junín. These confrontations resulted in thirty community members dead in Chupaca and twenty-five community members dead in Santo Tomás de Paca. The confrontations …
In 1989, there were confrontations between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and organized peasants from the communities of Chupaca and Santo Tomás de Paca. These confrontations left twenty-five community members dead in Santo Tomás de Paca. The confrontations occurred in the context of peasant resistance against the control and demands of the …
Between 1989 and 1991, the central region, especially the department of Junín, became another of the main scenarios of the Peruvian internal armed conflict. This period marked the expansion of the conflict into new territories, acquiring a more national character after being concentrated mainly in Ayacucho. The year 1989 represented …
Gilberta Perez Quiñónes was a leader of a welfare organization in the department of Junín who was assassinated in 1989. According to CVR records, the alleged perpetrators of her death were the PCP-SL (Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path). Her case is part of the PCP-SL's offensive against the …
Margarita Hilario Tacsa was a leader of a university student organization who died in 1989 in the department of Junín. Her case appears in the TRC database as one of the women leaders killed and/or disappeared during the internal armed conflict. Unlike other cases documented in the same period, the …
At the end of 1989, unidentified "paramilitaries" began their actions in Junín, disappearing and extrajudicially executing a large number of university, high school and secondary school students, presumably linked to subversive groups. These actions took place in the context of an intense struggle between the PCP-SL and the MRTA at …
At the beginning of 1989, the PCP-SL attacked the Laive Production Unit, destroying the milk processing machinery. The neighboring communities of Palmayoc, Palaco, Llamapsillón and Chongos Altos, spurred on by the Shining Path, ended up looting and distributing goods from these production units. All the facilities of the LAIVE Sub-Unit …
Marcela Quispelaya Lopez was a leader of a welfare organization in the department of Junin who was assassinated in 1989. According to CVR records, the alleged perpetrators of her death were the PCP-SL (Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path). Her case is part of the PCP-SL's offensive against leaders …
On January 12, 1989, Manuel Soto, director of the Center for Campesino Research and Popular Education (CICEP), a sociologist and professor at the National University of Central Peru, and Victor Lozano, a campesino leader, were assassinated. The text of the CVR report mentions this event but does not provide additional …
On January 23, 1989, the Aprista provincial mayor of Satipo, Fidel Juarez Torres, was assassinated. This crime took place in a context of intensifying political violence in the department of Junín during 1989. The assassination was part of a systematic campaign against elected authorities, with 1989 being the year with …
In February 1989, ten peasants were killed in the community of Santa Rosa de Pachaclla. According to the CVR report, the victims were identified as presumed Shining Path members. This event occurred in the context of the expansion of political violence in the Junin region, during a period of intense …
On February 2, 1989, PCP-SL militants took over the Colpa farm in Junin. During this raid, the hikers knifed to death 157 sheep and 6 cattle. In addition, they wounded another 10 animals and took 8 cattle. This attack was part of the systematic strategy of the PCP-SL to destroy …
Victor Polay Campos, leader and military chief of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA), was captured in February 1989 at the Tourist Hotel in Huancayo. This capture represented a hard blow for the emerretist organization in the central region of Peru. Polay Campos' arrest occurred in a context of intensified …
On the night of February 13, 1989, mining leader Saúl Cantoral Huamaní and social promoter Consuelo García Filomenas were shot to death by a paramilitary group near the offices of the National Federation of Mine Workers in Lima. This murder occurred on the eve of a new national mining strike. …
In March 1989, the emerretista forces, part of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA), launched a series of armed actions in the Junín region of Peru. They 'took' Pichanaqui in the province of Chanchamayo and attacked police posts in Sapallanga and San Agustín de Cajas, resulting in the deaths of …
In March 1989, around 30 armed MRTA men attacked the Pichanaki police post in Chanchamayo province. This attack was part of the MRTA's operations in the central jungle during its period of expansion in the area. A few days after this attack, the subversives marched into the Junin highlands to …
A group of hikers returned to the Apaicancha annex and approached a neighbor's house where he lived with his daughter and wife. They stayed there and asked for food. This family requested to kill a neighbor who lived nearby. The hikers entered the hut and when they did not find …
In April 1989, approximately 80 members of the MRTA detachment were moving towards the Junin highlands with the intention of taking Tarma, when they encountered Army forces in the district of Molinos, Jauja province, and engaged in combat. The confrontation resulted in the death of 62 people identified as MRTA …
On April 5, 1989, a subversive column of the Shining Path PCP assassinated a municipal agent and a guard of the SAIS Túpac Amaru production unit in the town square of Chaquicocha. During the same raid, the subversives killed 150 fine sheep belonging to the production unit. This attack was …
On April 5, 1989, groups of heavily armed hooded men assassinated the secretary general of the Morococha union. This assassination occurred in the context of a series of paramilitary actions against mining leaders during 1989. The crime took place shortly before a second strike called for the beginning of March, …
On April 12, 1989, in the district of Chongos Alto, Huancayo, Junín, forty members of the Shining Path (PCP-SL) killed twelve communal authorities from the districts of Chongos Alto and Chicche. This event was part of a broader strategy by the Shining Path to destabilize the region by targeting local …
In the 1980s, the Shining Path (SL) insurgent group carried out a series of violent attacks in the southern part of the Junín department, affecting communities such as Chongos Alto, Colca, and others. On April 12, 1989, SL killed 12 community leaders in Chongos Alto and destroyed municipal infrastructure. These …
The Battle of Molinos on April 28, 1989, marked a significant event in the history of the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru (MRTA) in the Junín region of Peru. This battle served as a turning point, dividing the MRTA's activities in the region into two distinct phases. The first phase, from …
A column of thirty heavily armed MRTA subversives attacked the Pichanaki police post. After the attack, the column began to move towards the highlands to join up with another column coming down from Tulumayo, in the highlands of Junin, with the objective of jointly taking the city of Tarma. However, …
On April 28, 1989, an armed confrontation took place between an Army patrol and a detachment of MRTA militants in the district of Molinos, province of Jauja. The subversive group was on its way to take the city of Tarma when it was intercepted by military forces. This event was …
On April 28, 1989, the MRTA attempted to take the city of Tarma in Junin, but were ambushed in Los Molinos. Many of their most valuable military cadres were killed in this confrontation. This event frustrated the MRTA's attempt to expand into Junín and represented a significant blow to their …
On April 28, 1989, two MRTA columns encountered Peruvian Army forces in the district of Molinos (Jauja) and were practically annihilated in combat. A column of thirty heavily armed subversives operating in the area of Satipo and Chanchamayo had begun a movement towards the highlands to unite with another column …
On April 28, 1989, the MRTA attempted to take over the city of Tarma as part of their strategy to establish a Central Front in the regions of Pasco and Junín. The operation aimed to boost the group's prominence on the national political scene and restore confidence among its members …
In the months of May and June 1989, the PCP-SL called regional "armed strikes" which paralyzed all activities and prevented the normal supply of products to the capital. The strike with the greatest impact was carried out on May 10, 11 and 12 in the departments of Junin, Pasco and …
On May 1, 1989, a detachment of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) attacked the Tablada de Lurin police post. This attack took place in a context of intensified political violence in the country, during the government of Alan Garcia Perez. The attack was part of the armed actions that …
The Peruvian Army (EP) and the Peruvian National Police (PNP) twice raided the Universidad Nacional del Centro in the department of Junín. The interventions were carried out in search of possible subversives. The military and police action was motivated by the distribution of flyers announcing an armed strike scheduled for …
On May 7, 1989, in Morococha, Yauli province, Antonio Cajachagua, General Secretary of the Morococha Mine Workers Union (STMM), was assassinated by a group of hooded men. This assassination took place in the context of a series of selective executions against mining union leaders who had publicly opposed the actions …
The PCP-SL called regional armed strikes in May and June 1989 which paralyzed all activities and prevented the normal supply of products to the capital. The strike with the greatest impact was carried out on May 10, 11 and 12 in the departments of Junín, Pasco and Huánuco. On May …
On May 11, 1989, the Army and the National Police intervened twice at the National University of Central Peru (UNCP) in search of terrorist elements. The intervention took place due to the distribution of flyers announcing an armed strike on the 10th, 11th and 12th in the department of Junin. …
On May 11, 1989, the Army and the National Police intervened twice at the National University of Central Peru in search of terrorist elements. The intervention took place due to the distribution of flyers announcing an armed strike on the 10th, 11th and 12th in the department of Junin. In …
The parish priest of the town of Huaripampa, Jauja, Junin, R.P. Teodoro Santos Mejia, was killed during an attack by Shining Path elements on the police post. Two policemen were killed in the same attack. The priest was a collateral victim of the Shining Path attack against the police.
In mid-1989, in the central jungle, the PCP-SL achieved absolute control of the Ene River basin and part of the Tambo River basin, thus gaining control of the entire province of Satipo (Junín). This territorial control was achieved at the cost of the razing of dozens of communities, the murder …
In June 1989, an Army patrol composed of approximately forty troops under the command of Captain "Davis" arrived in the community of Cochas. The military asked the population about the whereabouts of the subversives. This military incursion occurred in a context where the PCP-SL had lost strength in the area, …
On June 16, 1989, the Shining Path PCP attacked the Huaripampa police post in the province of Junin. During the attack, two policemen and the local parish priest were killed. This attack was part of a series of violent actions that multiplied during the second half of 1989 in the …
On June 16, 1989, a group of subversives of the PCP-SL attacked the police post in the district of Huaripampa, in the province of Jauja. Two policemen and Teodoro Santos Mejia, who was the local parish priest, were killed during the scuffle. This attack was part of the escalation of …
Comrade Hernan was the commander of the main subversive column of the PCP Shining Path in the Junin area, responsible for many deaths in the area. In July 1989, he was assassinated by a community that had been a support base of the PCP-SL, which simulated a feast to lure …
On July 22, 1989, a Shining Path column destroyed three electrical towers in La Oroya. This attack was part of a series of terrorist actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the infrastructure of mining companies in central Peru. Attacks against electrical towers and other mining facilities intensified during 1989, causing …
On September 24, 1989, Edilberto Salazar, mayor of the district of Morococha (Yauli province, Junin), was assassinated by PCP-SL militants. This crime was part of the Shining Path's campaign of selective annihilation of leftist leaders.
In November or December 1989, the army arrived in the Culebra hamlet in Huancayo, department of Junín. The military arrived looking for a woman who was wanted by a local man. This event is part of the context of sexual violence and abuses committed by the armed forces during the …
On November 4, 1989, a column of the Shining Path PCP raided Misquipata, in the context of a wave of violence that hit the region during the month of November, considered the bloodiest of that year in the area. In this attack, the PCP-SL killed the wife of a policeman. …
On November 4, 1989, in the context of a wave of violence in the Canipaco area of Junin, a column of the Shining Path PCP raided Accac Bellavista. In this attack, the PCP-SL murdered the wife, mother-in-law and three-year-old daughter of a policeman. This was part of a series of …
On November 9, 1989, the PCP-SL took the town of Quero in Junin and murdered five people by slitting their throats, among them two women relatives of authorities. This attack was part of a wave of assassinations and destruction of public infrastructure that the Shining Path PCP carried out in …
Javier Antonio Alarcón Guzmán, leader of the FENDUP (National Federation of University Teachers of Peru), was kidnapped and disappeared in December 1989 in the department of Junín. This case is part of a series of disappearances and murders of union and social leaders that occurred during the internal armed conflict …
The MRTA executed Alejandro Calderón, who was president of ANAP (Apatywaka - Nampitsi - Asháninka), an organization of Amazonian indigenous peoples. The execution took place in the province of Chanchamayo, department of Junín. As a direct consequence of this action, the MRTA was forced to completely abandon the area. This …
A 70-year-old woman was continuously raped by terrorists. They drove her crazy because they were always raping her and doing everything to her. They even tied her to a pole and took her best rams. The case is evidence of extreme sexual violence against an elderly person.
Antonia Arizapana Ignacio was a leader of an aid organization in the department of Junin who was assassinated in 1990. According to CVR records, the Peruvian Army was allegedly responsible for her death. Her case is part of the systematic violence against social leaders, particularly women leaders of grassroots organizations, …
Emilia Luna Peña was president of a trade union organization in the department of Junín. She was murdered in 1990, allegedly by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso (PCP-SL). Her death is part of the systematic offensive by the PCP-SL against social leaders, particularly women leaders of popular and trade union organizations. This …
In January 1990, the Peruvian military established several counterinsurgency fronts to combat subversive activities across the country. These fronts included the Mantaro Front in Junín and Pasco, the Huallaga Front in San Martín and Huánuco, and the Ucayali Front in Ucayali and parts of Huánuco. Each front was equipped with …
On February 2, 1990, a contingent of approximately fifty members of the PCP-SL entered the areas of Chinchiaco and Marcapata in the district of Ulcumayo, Junín. They forced the residents of Tama to march to Tambillo, where they executed the mayor of Tama, three of his relatives, and three members …
In March 1990, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) carried out a series of targeted assassinations against political figures in Peru. These included the killing of Julián Huamaní Yauri in Ayacucho, Mariano Meza and Dr. José La Torre in Huánuco, and José Dhaga del Castillo in Junín. …
On March 22, 1990, the APRA congressman for Junin, Jose Dhaga Del Castillo, was assassinated. This crime occurred in a context of intensification of terrorist actions during the electoral process of that year. The assassination was part of the Second Campaign of the V Great Plan of the PCP-SL that …
In November 1989 municipal elections were held, and in April and June 1990 presidential elections were held in the central region. The Armed and Police Forces guaranteed that these elections were held in almost all the voting centers in the region, despite the context of political violence in the area. …
In the general elections of April 9, 1990, Alberto Fujimori obtained 29% of the votes, coming second after Fredemo (33%). Absenteeism was the highest in the ten years of democracy. In the departments of Ayacucho and Huancavelica it exceeded 40%; while in Huánuco and Junín it was around 50%. In …
On April 12, 1990, a group of armed individuals associated with the subversive group Sendero Luminoso attacked the village of Sonomoro in the province of Satipo, Junín. The attackers brutally murdered several members of the Serrano family, including two young girls who were first raped and then killed. This event …
In June 1990, second round presidential elections were held in the central region of Peru. The Armed and Police Forces guaranteed that these elections were held in almost all the voting centers in the region, despite the context of political violence generated by the PCP-SL and the MRTA. These elections …
In mid-July 1990, at the end of Alan Garcia's administration, General Delgado Rojas, Political and Military Chief of the Junin emergency zone, organized the First Regional Congress of Rondas in Bellavista, district of Jarpa, in the province of Chupaca. The congress was attended by rondero delegates from the valleys of …
Sister Maria Agustina Rivas, of the Good Shepherd congregation, was murdered in La Florida, Junin. This murder of a religious sister is part of the systematic attacks by the Shining Path against pastoral agents of the Catholic Church. The sister worked with poor communities in the area.
On 27 September 1990, in the Misión de la Florida-Chanchamayo in Junín, Peru, a group of young individuals, incited by hardened members of the Shining Path, conducted a 'people's trial' that resulted in the summary execution of eight people. Among the victims was Sister María Agustina Rivas, a 70-year-old nun …
In mid-December 1990, the Political Military Command organized a congress of peasant patrols in the province of Concepción. This event was part of the Army's strategy to organize and centralize the counter-subversive patrols in the region. The congress was held in the context of the counter-subversive struggle, following the model …
During 1991, 1992 and 1993, the MRTA suffered heavy repression in the urban areas of the department of Junín, particularly in Huancayo. Many student members of the MRTA disappeared in simultaneous disappearances. The situation worsened with the enactment of the Repentance Law, at which time many good cadres from the …
The process of forming the peasant patrols in the Canipaco Valley began in 1991, after the installation of military bases in the region. The military gathered as many people as possible from each community and explained the reasons and needs for organizing the patrols. This formation was part of the …
In 1991, the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru (MRTA) carried out a series of attacks on police posts across Peru. These attacks occurred in multiple provinces, including Junín, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Cuzco, and San Martín. The MRTA's actions were part of a broader campaign against government forces, and they included capturing police …
In January 1991, members of the Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) insurgent group entered the district of Juan de Iscos in the province of Chupaca, department of Junín, Peru. During this incursion, they captured the community treasurer, stripped her naked, tied her to a post, and painted a hammer and sickle …
Francisca Perez Valle Alida was a leader of a university student organization in Junin who was assassinated in 1991. According to CVR records, the alleged perpetrators of her death were the Army or the Colina Paramilitary Group. Her case is part of the systematic violence against social leaders during the …
In January 1991, the Central Committee of the Rondas Campesinas of Alto and Bajo Cunas held a meeting with General EP Luis Pérez Documet, who was the Chief of the Political Military Command of the Mantaro Front. This meeting took place in the context of the organization and consolidation of …
Sister Irene McCormack was murdered along with four other people in Huasahuasi, Tarma, Junín. This multiple murder was perpetrated by the Shining Path as part of their campaign against pastoral agents and people linked to the Catholic Church. The nun worked in development projects with peasant communities.
Three women were arbitrarily detained in 1992 in the department of Junín and subsequently victims of forced disappearance. Shortly after their disappearance, their bodies were found with signs of having been tortured. One of the victims was a woman four months pregnant, whose body was found 15 days after her …
A woman was the victim of rape in the district of El Tambo. According to the testimony, the victim said: 'it must have happened during the rape that the marines raped me in Tambo'. The case is part of a broader pattern of sexual violence perpetrated against women during the …
A woman from the hamlet of San Juan de Haciendahuay was detained by soldiers and subsequently raped. According to her testimony, she was taken to a place where she was raped for an hour, starting with the captain and then ten soldiers. The perpetrators almost killed her and warned her …
Teresa Martel Chepe was a leader of political organizations in Junín who was murdered in 1992. According to the records of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, she held a leadership position in political organizations at the time of her death. The alleged perpetrators of her murder were the PCP-SL (Communist …
Shirley Espinal Gutarra was a leader of parents' organizations or associations in Junín who was assassinated in 1992. Her death is part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive against social leaders, particularly women leaders of popular organizations. The PCP-SL is identified as the alleged perpetrator of her murder. Her case is …
The Manta Military Base in the district of Huancayo was the scene of human rights violations during 1992. The CVR report mentions this military base in the context of cases of sexual violence and other abuses committed during the internal armed conflict. The base is listed along with other military …
In 1992, during military incursions in the district of Chilca, Huancayo, in the Junín region of Peru, numerous cases of sexual violence were reported. Victims included young girls, adult women, and elderly women, with testimonies highlighting the indiscriminate nature of the violence. The incidents were part of a broader pattern …
In 1992, the Shining Path (PCP-SL) intensified its violent activities in the provinces of Pasco and Junín, Peru. On February 2, 1992, a contingent of approximately 50 militants entered the districts of Tambillo, Auquimarca, and Huallamayo, executing local authorities and community members. The violence continued in May 1992, targeting other …
A woman was arrested along with her partner in 1992 in the 9 de Julio district, Concepción province, Junín department. An army lieutenant told her 'to go with him because they were going to interrogate me', taking her to a separate place. The testimony documents a case of rape perpetrated …
Three women were arbitrarily detained in 1992 in the department of Junín and subsequently victims of forced disappearance. Shortly after their disappearance, their bodies were found with signs of having been tortured. One of them was four months pregnant and her body was found 15 days later with torture and …
On January 31, 1992, Florentina Rivera Távara, a leader of the Juan Parra del Riego human settlement, was shot to death. This assassination occurred in a context of intense violence in the Junin region, where both the Shining Path PCP and the MRTA were active. The event took place in …
On Sunday, February 2, 1992, a Shining Path PCP contingent of approximately fifty men entered several ranches in the district of Ulcumayo, in Junin. In Huallamayo, Juan Cordova and three of his sons were murdered for promoting the organization of a peasant patrol. This assassination was part of a caravan …
On February 2, 1992, a PCP-SL contingent of approximately fifty men entered the Chinchiaco and Marcapata ranches in the town of Tama, Ulcumayo district, in Junín. This attack was part of a wider campaign by the PCP-SL in 1992 to secure a strategic corridor in the area, carrying out a …
On February 2, 1992, a PCP-SL contingent of approximately 50 men carried out a series of violent raids in the towns of Tambillo, Auquimarca and Huallamayo. This action was part of a caravan of terror against the system of authorities, annihilating people supposedly opposed to their cause. In total, 21 …
On February 8, 1992, a subversive incursion in the community of Ulcumayo resulted in the death of 15 peasants. This attack took place in the context of the intensification of violence in the Junín region during the 1989-1992 period, when the PCP-SL was developing its V Plan to "Develop Bases …
On February 8, 1992, a subversive incursion in the community of Ulcumayo, Junín, resulted in the death of 15 peasants. This event occurred in the context of 1992, when violence reached its highest peak in the central region. Dynamite attacks, blackouts, sabotage, assassinations, disappearances, extrajudicial executions, arbitrary detentions and guerrilla …
The ronderos captured the murderers of the sub-prefect of Huancayo in the district of Comas, province of Concepcion. After capturing them, the ronderos executed them and later 'fondearon' (threw them) in the Huacracocha lagoon. This event occurred in the context of the organization of peasant patrols that confronted the PCP-SL …
Approximately 150 subversives attacked the Pichanaki police post in March 1992. The attack resulted in 1 police officer dead and 3 wounded Sinchis. This attack took place in a context of maximum violence in the region during 1992, when dynamite attacks, blackouts, sabotage, assassinations, disappearances, extrajudicial executions, arbitrary detentions and …
On March 2, 1992, ronderos from the community of Andamarca, located in the department of Junin, kidnapped Irma Juscamayta Arteaga along with her five daughters. The ronderos justified the kidnapping on the grounds that Irma Juscamayta sympathized with the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL). This event occurred …
On May 13, 1992, in the context of a campaign of violence by the Shining Path PCP in the districts of Paucartambo, Huachón and Ulcumayo, the accidental mayor of the small town of Chupaca was murdered by slitting his throat. Despite having previously announced by radio his resignation to avoid …
On May 13, 1992, a contingent of the PCP-SL entered the town of Chupaca, in the district of Paucartambo. During this incursion, the Shining Path militants slit the throats of villagers and also murdered Alberto Miranda Córdova and Porfirio Fuero Anco. This action was part of a series of violent …
On May 14, 1992, a contingent of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered three annexes of the district of Ulcumayo, in the province and department of Junin. This action was part of a series of terrorist incursions that the PCP-SL carried out in May 1992 in various districts of the area, as …
On May 14, 1992, the Shining Path PCP carried out coordinated assaults on three annexes in the district of Ulcumayo, in the province and department of Junin. This action was part of a broader campaign known as the 'caravan of death' that the PCP-SL executed in the area during 1992 …
On May 17, 1992, the Shining Path PCP raided the annex of Quiparacra, located in the district of Huachon. In the presence of the assembled villagers, the subversive column assassinated seven local authorities who had decided to confront the threats and remain in their posts. This attack was part of …
In July 1992, the lifeless body of mining leader Donato Bernal was found near the Peruvian Club of La Oroya. The murder occurred in a context of intense repression against mining union leaders in the central region of Peru. The alleged perpetrators of the murder are allegedly members of the …
On September 15, 1992, the Ronda Campesina de Chongos Alto was officially formed and Zenón Lapa Campuzano was appointed president. This self-defense organization arose in the context of the counter-subversive struggle against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Canipaco area. By 1992, the Army had registered 1586 ronderos in the region. …
On October 21, 1992, a massacre occurred in Sincos, Jauja district, in which 8 people were killed. According to the report, the victims could have been students from the National University of Central Peru (UNCP). This event took place in the context of 1992, when violence reached its highest peak …
Beginning in 1993, the mining centers of Pasco, Junín and Huancavelica entered into a privatization process that resulted in massive layoffs of workers. As an example, Caudalosa Grande had 1,500 workers in 1980, but by 2000 only 100 workers remained. This privatization process was considered by many workers as arbitrary …
Beginning in 1993, the mining centers of Huancavelica entered into a privatization process similar to that which occurred in the mining centers of Pasco and Junín. This process resulted in massive layoffs of mine workers, many of them considered arbitrary by those affected. One specific testimony mentions that at Caudalosa …
National Prosecutor Blanca Nélida Colán traveled to Huancayo in July 1993 to investigate the disappearances of 89 students, including 20 university students. These students were kidnapped by alleged paramilitaries in the context of the political violence affecting the region. The prosecutor's investigation took place at a time of intense repression …
Between 150 and 300 people, accompanied by Asháninka natives, entered eight communities in the Tsiriari Valley, killing 72 villagers with bladed weapons, including 16 minors. They left 10 wounded, 8 of them minors. Rape and looting were committed. Initially attributed to Sendero Luminoso, it was later denounced the participation of …
Members of the PCP-SL murdered 65 inhabitants of the Tsiriari valley in Mazamari, Junín, in retaliation for the formation of Self-Defense Committees. Although it was known as an Asháninka massacre, of the total number of victims, 21 were Nomatsiguenga natives and the rest were settlers. This is one of the …
On 19 August 1993, a group of approximately 200 members of the Sendero Luminoso attacked eight colonist camps in the province of Satipo, Junín, Peru. The attack resulted in the deaths of over 55 people, including both natives and colonists. The attackers also mutilated 14 children by cutting off their …
Numerous mass graves with the remains of hundreds of Ashaninka natives murdered by the PCP-SL were found in the Ene Valley, province of Satipo, Junin, by a commission formed by the provincial prosecutor Florencia Grandes, EP commander Antonio Venegas (political-military chief of the Central Jungle Security Subzone), among other members.
On September 11, 1993, a group of ronderos from the Comité Local del Anexo San Fernando de Meritori attacked and killed 10 colonists from Anexo Delta, Pichanaki, La Merced, Chanchamayo. The attack was motivated by the colonists' refusal to join a self-defense organization affiliated with the armed forces. This incident …
On August 11, 1993, 54 Asháninka natives were brutally murdered with machetes in the region of Junín, Satipo. This event is part of a series of violent acts against indigenous communities during the internal conflict in Peru. The Asháninka people have been targeted due to their resistance against subversive groups.
On August 11, 1993, 54 Asháninka natives were brutally murdered with machetes by suspected members of the Shining Path (PCP-SL) in Satipo, Junín. This tragic event highlights the severe impact of the internal conflict in Peru on indigenous communities, who were often caught in the crossfire between government forces and …
The agricultural activities in the regions of Junín and Ayacucho in Peru were severely affected due to the presence of the terrorist group Sendero Luminoso. According to the III National Agricultural Census of 1994, approximately 30,655 hectares of agricultural land were left uncultivated due to terrorist actions. The most affected …
Hugo Zapata Gutiérrez, a teacher, was kidnapped and murdered by ronderos in Ulcumayo, a district in the province of Junín. This event occurred in a context of violence where the peasant patrols, which had been organized to combat the Shining Path, committed abuses against villagers. The murder took place in …
On May 29, 1994, there was an armed confrontation between State forces and the MRTA in San Juan Boca Tigre, Chanchamayo province. The event is mentioned in the context of the confrontations that took place during 1993-1994 in the central jungle, a period in which MRTA subversive activity continued on …
On July 14, 1994, in Junín, Chanchamayo, La Merced, an ambush by the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru (MRTA) led to the deaths of two police officers. This event is part of the broader cycle of political violence in the region during the late 20th century.
On July 14, 1994, the MRTA carried out an ambush in La Merced, Chanchamayo province, Junin department. In this attack, two policemen were killed by the subversives. This event occurred in the context of the final phase of the internal armed conflict in the central jungle, when the MRTA still …
On July 20, 1994, the Special Criminal Chamber of the Superior Court of Justice of Junín convicted several individuals, including Fabio Farfán Mendoza and Ernesto Ambrosio de la Cruz Espinal, for terrorism, homicide, and injuries. The court sentenced Mendoza to 25 years and the others to 20 years of imprisonment. …
On January 17, 1995, an armed confrontation took place between members of the Peruvian Army and presumed MRTA subversives in the Boca Tigre sector, located between Satipo and Pichanaki in the department of Junín, killing two presumed MRTA subversives. This confrontation took place in the context of the military offensive …
Margie Clavo Peralta was captured in El Tambo, district of Huancayo. Together with her, Rodolfo Gutiérrez Muñoz, who was a military commander, was arrested. This capture took place in the context of the consolidation of the defeat and dismantling of the PCP-SL in the central region between 1993 and 1995. …
On July 27, 1995, an armed confrontation took place between the Peruvian Army and alleged subversives in Pichanaki, province of Satipo, department of Junin. The confrontation resulted in the death of 12 alleged subversives. This event took place in the context of the military offensive against the remnants of subversive …
The Governor of the district of Pichanaqui and the Director of the Agrarian Development Fund (FONDEAGRO) of San Ramon were kidnapped by the MRTA in La Merced when they were returning from the inauguration of a medical post. The MRTA demanded money from the family members. They were released on …
On January 24, 1996, in San Martin Pangoa, a district of Satipo province in Junin, there was a confrontation between peasant ronderos and PCP-Sendero Luminoso forces. During this confrontation, the PCP-SL killed three ronderos. This event occurred in the context of the final period of the cycle of violence in …
On January 24, 1996, in San Martin Pangoa, a district in the province of Satipo in Junin, there was a confrontation between ronderos and militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. During this confrontation, the PCP-SL killed three ronderos. This event occurred in the context of the final phase of the internal …
Members of the PCP-SL ambush and assassinate four officers and a non-commissioned officer of the Peruvian Army in Satipo, Junín. This attack demonstrates that, despite the capture of the main Shining Path leaders, elements of the PCP-SL continued to operate and carry out violent actions against the forces of law …
On December 12, 1999, an armed confrontation took place in Alto Sonaveni, district of Satipo, province of Junin, between peasant ronderos and militants of Sendero Rojo (PCP-SL faction). During the confrontation, two ronderos were shot and wounded. This incident occurred in the context of the residual presence of the PCP-SL …
In 2002, violence persisted in approximately eighteen districts, affecting the regions of Junín, Huánuco, and San Martín in Peru. The ongoing incursions and resulting deaths have created a climate of insecurity, with the local population divided on the presence of military forces. The situation highlights the need for a revised …
The declarant recounts the murder of his son in Poyeni, a locality located in Rio Tambo, province of Satipo, department of Junin. The testimony was recorded in 2002 as part of the statements compiled by the CVR. The case reflects the devastating emotional impact on the victims' families, who expressed …
The testimony recorded in the CVR Report documents the murder of a younger sister in Palian, district of the province of Huancayo, department of Junin. This case was narrated by the declarant during 2002 before the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The event is part of the multiple cases of violence …
The text discusses the psychological and economic impact on families affected by the violence perpetrated by Sendero Luminoso in Peru. Testimonies from various regions, including Lima, Junín, Huánuco, and Ayacucho, highlight the ongoing sense of injustice and impunity felt by victims' families. The lack of a fair judicial system exacerbates …
In September 2002, communities in regions such as Pucallpa, Ucayali, and Satipo, Junín, expressed fear over the potential resurgence of the PCP-SL (Shining Path) insurgent group. The Asháninka people, who had previously suffered from massacres and mass abductions, felt unprotected and feared a return to violence. These fears were exacerbated …
A woman testified before the CVR about the murder of her husband in Huasicancha, Huancayo province, Junin department. The testimony was collected in October 2002 in Ayacucho. The declarant describes the traumatic impact of witnessing or learning of her husband's death, expressing the state of shock and daze she experienced. …
In October 2002, discussions were held in Satipo, Junín, regarding the need for decentralization and reform of the Peruvian state. The focus was on increasing citizen participation and addressing the absence of state presence in remote communities. The reform aimed to include changes in the military, police, and public administration …
In October 2002, a workshop was held with base communities in Satipo, Junín, focusing on reconciliation efforts. The discussions highlighted the lack of state support and resources for Andean peasant communities, emphasizing the need for the Peruvian government to involve these communities in development planning. The workshop called for a …
The younger sister of a witness was a victim of kidnapping, torture and subsequent death in Palian, Huancayo, Junin. The case was narrated by the victim's sister in her testimony before the TRC. This fact is part of the multiple cases of human rights violations documented in the Junin region …
The witness recounts the murder of her father in Ataquero, Acobamba, Tarma, Junín. The testimony was collected in November 2002 at the Central Regional Headquarters. This case is part of the multiple murders that occurred during the internal armed conflict in the Junín region. The testimony reflects the pain and …
The declarant gave testimony at the Central Regional Headquarters of the CVR in November 2002. She narrated the murder of her father in Ataquero, district of Acobamba, province of Tarma, department of Junin. The testimony is part of the documentation of cases of political violence in the central region of …
Thematic workshop conducted by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission with displaced population in Satipo, Junín. During the workshop, participants shared testimonies about the consequences of the internal armed conflict in their communities. They discussed issues related to forced displacement, the loss of local authorities and the disintegration of the social …
In December 2002, a testimony was recorded detailing the traumatic experiences of individuals in Jauja, Junín, Peru, during a period of violence. The declarant described living in fear of subversive groups and soldiers, leading to a life of constant anxiety and dislocation. The violence had a profound psychological impact, leaving …
A woman recounts the murder of her husband in Mariscal Castilla, Huancayo, Junín. The testimony was collected in December 2002 in Huancayo. She describes the devastating emotional and economic consequences that the murder had on her life and that of her children, expressing that she was left in ruin and …
Testimony recorded in December 2002 in Junín. The testimony is part of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's documentation on the psychological and emotional effects of political violence in Peru. The testimony is cited in the context of the discussion of feelings of powerlessness and the impossibility of accessing a justice …
Testimony number 331031 collected in Huancayo in December 2002. A woman recounts the murder of her husband in Mariscal Castilla, province of Huancayo, department of Junín. The testimony is part of the documentation on the psychological and emotional impacts of violence, specifically related to feelings of hopelessness and extreme suffering …
A woman testified before the CVR in December 2002 about the murder of her father in Jauja, Junin. The testimony is part of the cases documented at the Central Regional Headquarters of the CVR. This case is part of the testimonies on loss of family members during the internal armed …
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