After the split of Red Flag in 1967, the red faction of the "José Carlos Mariátegui Regional Committee" (CRJCM), led by Abimael Guzmán, carried out a series of activities and plenary sessions in Lima. This split marked a crucial moment in the history of the Peruvian radical left, giving rise …
In 1970, following internal conflicts within the PCP-Bandera Roja, Abimael Guzmán established the PCP-Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) in Ayacucho, Peru. This new faction emerged from the CR 'José Carlos Mariátegui' and was influenced by Guzmán's ideological vision. The split was marked by Guzmán's isolation from the main party, leading to …
In June 1975, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began the reconstitution of the party, incorporating new militants and rethinking the development of the people's war in the city. When a contradiction appeared within the Regional Committee, Abimael Guzmán opted to hold the Convention of the Regional Committee 'June 14' in Lima, specifically …
In 1978, the political group Patria Roja experienced its first split with the emergence of the Puka llaqta faction. This division highlighted the internal tensions within leftist groups in Peru, particularly as they faced the growing influence and radical actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The split was a result of …
Operation Verde Mar I was a forced coca crop eradication operation carried out in 1979 in the Alto Huallaga region. This operation resulted in a failure that alienated the coca grower from the State. The failure of this operation, together with the subsequent Operation Green Sea II (1981) and other …
The anti-drug operations Verde Mar I and II were carried out by the Sinchis commandos along the right bank of the Huallaga River in 1979 and 1980, respectively. These operations inaugurated a series of large-scale interdictions against drug trafficking in the region. These operations are remembered in local memories as …
The Communist Party of Peru Shining Path held the I Conference called Define and Decide. This conference was a key moment in the preparation of the organization for the beginning of the armed struggle. During this event, the PCP-SL defined its political and military strategy for the coming years.
The district of Chungui was one of the territories most affected by the internal armed conflict in Peru. Between 1980 and 2000, 1,381 people were recorded dead and missing, almost 17% of the district's population counted in 1981. The conflict involved actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, the Armed Forces, and …
A woman was forced to move with her husband by a group of hikers. The woman said she did not want to leave and threatened to denounce them if they did not release her husband. They then grabbed her and raped her. Then they cut off her breasts, shot her …
The witness recounts the murder of her husband at the hands of Shining Path groups on the bridge, where they disarmed him. She also found a sick young woman in a room where the hikers had entered and introduced long 'chontas' through her vagina. The case evidences extreme sexual violence …
The declarant narrates that when she was gathering firewood she was chased by a subversive who subsequently raped her. The subversive told her: 'if you are not going to accept me, I am going to kill you'. The victim screamed for help but no one came to her aid.
The attack in Chuschi in 1980 marked the beginning of the actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. According to the CVR report, almost parallel to the attack in Chuschi, in Lima there was a fire in the municipality of San Martin de Porres, while a series of symbolic and intimidating acts …
The burning of the municipality of San Martin de Porres was one of the first acts of violence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Lima, occurring almost parallel to the founding attack in Chuschi, Ayacucho, which marked the beginning of the armed struggle. This act was part of the initial conception …
The general elections of May 1980 marked the return to democracy in Peru after the military government. Acción Popular (AP) obtained a clear victory, surpassing by far the required 36%. In the Andean South, AP won a majority in the departments of Apurimac, Cuzco and Madre de Dios, except in …
On May 17, members of the PCP-SL burned 11 ballot boxes in the Ayacucho locality of Chuschi, initiating the political and military plans for the start of the armed struggle. The political strategy was that the times of peace are over and the times of war are beginning. The military …
The internal armed conflict began in Metropolitan Lima on June 13, 1980, when approximately 60 youths from the MOTC (Movimiento de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas) threw Molotov cocktails at the Municipality of San Martin de Porres. This period is characterized by sabotage and attacks against state institutions, including ministries and …
In August 1980, there was an attack on the San Francisco police post, located in the Ayna district. This event represents one of the first armed actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Apurimac River Valley (VRA). The attack on the police post is part of the initial phase of …
On August 16, there was an attack against the Agrarian Bank of Huaraz. This attack was part of the escalation of political violence that had been developing in the country since the beginning of the armed struggle of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in May of that year.
On August 17, 1980, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso knocked down a high-voltage power pole, causing the first general blackout in the city of Huancayo. This event was part of the first subversive actions of the PCP-SL in the region, which were characterized by attacks on the electrical infrastructure. The …
On November 9, 1980, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out its first attack in the department of Cuzco. The target was the Communal Educational Center located in the town of Tinta, capital of the province of Canchis. This attack marked the beginning of the Shining Path's violent actions in the Cuzco …
A month after the Shining Path raid that frustrated the municipal elections in the community of Anchonga at the end of 1980, an attack was carried out against the high tension towers that left the province of Angaraes in darkness. This attack was part of the first actions of the …
On December 11, 1980, the Plan Meris office, located in the district of El Tambo in Huancayo, was attacked with dynamite by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This attack was part of the first subversive actions in the city of Huancayo during the beginning of the political violence. The attack …
On December 26, 1980, several dogs dawned hanging from electric lighting poles in downtown Lima. The dogs carried signs with the inscription 'Teng Siao Ping', in reference to the Chinese leader. This symbolic act was part of the first propaganda actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Peruvian capital. The …
In 1981, community member Emiterio Huamán was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the town of Oronqoy. This assassination had immediate consequences on the dynamics of the conflict in the area. Previously, the Forces of Order and the Mollebamba ronderos had been installed in Oronqoy for several months, but later …
One witness narrates that in the meetings that PCP-SL convened in her community, some of them raped, including one who raped a little girl. The case is evidence of sexual violence against minors in the context of forced meetings organized by PCP-SL.
During 1981, Peruvian law enforcement suffered 4 fatal casualties as a result of the internal armed conflict, representing 0.2% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period under investigation. According to information submitted by the Ministry of the Interior and the Joint Command of the Armed …
In 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso caused an explosion in the cloistered Carmelite Convent in Ayacucho. This attack was part of the first attacks by the subversive group against religious institutions in the region. The population strongly rejected this violent act against the cloistered nuns. Due to the strong negative reaction …
During the initial period of political violence in the southern Andes (1980-1983), the first two deaths were recorded in the department of Cuzco in 1981. This period was characterized by few attacks and acts of sabotage in the region. In Cuzco specifically, it was a period of propaganda actions and …
In 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out dynamite attacks against the Bishopric of Juli in the province of Chucuito, Aymara zone of the department of Puno. The attacks were specifically directed against the IER Palermo and the Bishopric itself. These attacks were part of the initial actions of the PCP-SL …
Between 1981 and 1986, a relatively small number of armed incursions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso were recorded in Villa El Salvador. These actions were directed against government entities, the district's only police station, banks and electricity towers. The incursions were part of the initial phase of the Shining Path's presence …
In 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out assassinations in the SAIS Tahuantinsuyo, located in the province of Santiago de Chuco. According to the report, the PCP-SL assassinated more than 6 people in this Agricultural Society of Social Interest. This event is part of the initial strategy of the PCP-SL to …
In 1981, during the first wave of PCP-Sendero Luminoso violence in the province of Santiago de Chuco, members of the main Shining Path Shining Path forces carried out selective assassinations as part of their strategy to destroy the agrarian cooperatives. In SAIS San José, the Shining Path killed the administrator …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Civil Guard barracks in Sicuani, capital of the province of Canchis. This attack was part of a series of initial PCP-SL actions in the area, which also included damage to the railroad and the Municipality between January and May 1981. On May 26 of that …
On January 5, 1981, the first assassination of a policeman by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took place in Lima. Civil Guard Rigoberto Trigoso Daza was assassinated while guarding the house of the Minister of War. This event marked a turning point in political violence in the capital, being the first fatal …
On January 15, 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the house of Izquierda Unida (IU) mayor Jaime Ardiles in the city of Puno. This attack was part of the first violent actions of the PCP-SL in the department of Puno, which were characterized by dynamite attacks against institutions and representatives of …
On January 15, 1981, the house of the mayor of Izquierda Unida (IU) Jaime Ardiles Franco was attacked in the city of Puno. This attack was part of the first actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the department of Puno. Eleven days later, on January 26, the Superior Court of …
On January 19, 1981, an explosive charge went off in the police station located in the Santa Ana neighborhood of Huancavelica. This attack was part of the first actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the department of Huancavelica, which had begun its operations in July 1980 with the demolition of …
On January 21, 1981, the Civil Guard post of Mollebamba in the province of Cangallo was assaulted by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This attack was part of a series of sustained offensives against the police during 1981, with the aim of pushing back the forces of law and order and generating …
On January 24, 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a harassment attack against the 27 de Noviembre barracks located in the city of Cuzco. This attack was part of the initial period of violence (1980-1983) in the Southern Andes, characterized by propaganda actions and bombings against various public and private …
On January 26, 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Superior Court of Justice of Puno. This attack was part of a series of initial violent actions by the subversive group in the department of Puno. The attack occurred a few days after they attacked the house of IU Mayor Jaime …
On January 26, 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Superior Court of Justice of Puno. This attack was part of the first violent actions of the subversive group in the department of Puno, which were characterized by dynamite attacks against institutions and representatives of the State. The attack on the …
On April 21, 1981, there was an attack against the police post of Luricocha, in the province of Huanta, Ayacucho. This attack was part of a series of actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against police posts during 1981. It was one of the first significant attacks against police installations in …
On April 26, 1981, Edmundo Cox Beuzeville was denounced in the city of Sicuani as responsible for 27 attacks. This denunciation took place in the context of the first years of the internal armed conflict, when the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began its actions in the department of Cuzco. On May 26 …
In the early morning of May 4, 1981, between 2:30 and 4:00 AM, a dozen terrorist acts were registered in different parts of Lima. The attacks caused material damage to both state and private sector properties. These attacks were part of the initial strategy of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso to use …
On May 26, 1981, Edmundo Cox Beuzeville was arrested along with other people in the town of Sicuani, province of Canchis, department of Cuzco. They were accused of being militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This arrest took place in the context of the early years of the internal armed conflict, …
Alleged subversives set fire to the pastures of the SAIS "Ramón Castilla" in the province of Tarma. This event is part of a series of initial attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the Agrarian Societies of Social Interest (SAIS) in the central region of Peru. The attack is framed in …
On August 1, 1981, multiple simultaneous bombings took place in different parts of Lima. The targets included 4 premises of Acción Popular (AP), 3 of them located in San Martin and Barrios Altos, as well as 3 Peace Courts and the ESAL Office in Villa el Salvador. These attacks were …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Palermo Rural Institute, administered by the Maryknoll Fathers, near Juli in August 1981. A month after the attack on the institute, they threw a bomb against the headquarters of the Juli Prelature. Both assaults provoked a strong reaction of rejection from the local population, with …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Quinua police post, resulting in the death of Sergeant Ramiro Flores Sulca, who was the first policeman killed by this subversive organization. This attack was one of the first combat experiences for many young Shining Path cadres and served as a 'baptism' into armed subversion.
In the early morning of August 31, 1981, six terrorist attacks took place in different parts of Lima. These attacks appeared to all appear as products of the same rigorously planned plan or operation. The attacks were part of the initial strategy of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the capital, characterized …
In Lima, four people burst into the studios of La Cronica radio station and forced the operator to broadcast a proclamation calling the people to armed struggle. This act of armed propaganda was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's strategy to spread its revolutionary message using the mass media.
In September 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso launched a bomb against the headquarters of the Prelature of Juli. This attack occurred one month after the attack on the Palermo Rural Institute of the Maryknoll Fathers, near Juli, in August 1981. Both assaults provoked a strong wave of indignation among the local …
On September 8, 1981, ten new firecrackers were set off in different parts of Lima. This event was part of a series of terrorist attacks that had been taking place in the capital since mid-1981. The attacks were part of the initial strategy of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso to carry out …
On October 12, 1981, the Peruvian government decreed a state of emergency in five of the seven provinces of the department of Ayacucho: Huamanga, Huanta, La Mar, Cangallo and Victor Fajardo. This measure was established in response to the increase in PCP-Sendero Luminoso actions, particularly after the attack on the …
On October 12, 1981, Supreme Decree 026-81-IN was promulgated by which five provinces of the department of Ayacucho were declared in a state of emergency: Huamanga, Huanta, Cangallo, La Mar and Víctor Fajardo. This declaration of emergency was used as a pretext to put a damper on the rapid increase …
Antonio Ayerbe Flores, a university student, was murdered on October 23, 1981 in the department of Cuzco. This event occurred during the early years of political violence in the region, in the context of the initial actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the department. The assassination took place in a …
During a night march, a mob of more than 50 people threw 20 Molotov cocktails shouting "guerrilla is the way", destroying the windows of two banks in the center of Miraflores. This attack was part of the first stage of violence in Metropolitan Lima, characterized by sabotage and attacks on …
In December 1981, in the town of Sacsamarca, Professor Alejandro Avilés García was murdered by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. He was accused of being a 'snitch', that is, of collaborating with the authorities or providing information on subversive activities. This assassination occurred in the context of sustained PCP-SL attacks against the …
On December 8, 1981, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the police post in the district of Colcabamba in the province of Tayacaja. This attack was part of the first armed actions of the PCP-SL in the region, as part of its strategy to put an end to the "old …
Between 1982 and 1985, the internal armed conflict was practically confined to the department of Ayacucho. In December 1982, the Armed Forces (FFAA) were charged with leading the counter-subversive struggle, which marked the beginning of a notable escalation of violence, especially from 1983 onwards. The year 1984 corresponds to the …
Between 1982 and 1985, the internal armed conflict was practically confined to the department of Ayacucho. In December 1982, the Armed Forces (FFAA) were charged with leading the counter-subversive struggle, which marked the beginning of a notable escalation of violence, especially from 1983 onwards. The year 1984 corresponds to the …
The Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) emerged in 1982 from the union between the Marxist-Leninist Revolutionary Socialist Party (PSR) and the Revolutionary Left Movement-El Militante (MIR-EM). This subversive group was constituted as an armed organization that would operate mainly in the cities, especially in Metropolitan Lima. Like the PCP-SL, its …
In 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso executed several peasants from the communities of Ninabamba and Mollebamba in retaliation. This action was a direct response to the capture of five members of Sendero Luminoso by law enforcement and ronderos in the area. Those captured had been transferred and five of them subsequently …
During 1982, Peruvian law enforcement forces suffered 12 fatal casualties in the fight against armed subversion, according to information provided by the armed institutes and the Ministry of the Interior to the CVR. These casualties represented 0.7% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire internal armed …
Between 1982 and 1985, the first cycle of intense violence of the internal armed conflict took place, concentrated basically in the department of Ayacucho. During these years, about a third of the murders perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso reported to the CVR were committed. This cycle was related to the …
In 1982, in the province of Andahuaylas, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a 'popular trial' as part of an armed raid. During this event, the Shining Path members apprehended the lieutenant governor, stripped him naked, knelt him down, and beat him repeatedly with the flat of a machete. …
On February 28, 1982, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the facilities of the penal establishment in the city of Ayacucho to free people imprisoned for crimes linked to subversion. The attack was repelled by the forces of law and order and resulted in the death of three inmates. Two …
In March 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the police post in Luricocha, Huanta province. This attack was part of the Shining Path strategy of attacking police posts in rural areas to weaken the presence of the State. The event is framed in the initial period of political violence in Ayacucho, …
In March 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated the Deputy Mayor of Lucanamarca. This assassination is part of the Shining Path strategy of eliminating local authorities and "enemies" in their proposal to "beat the countryside". The event occurred in the context of the expansion of the PCP-SL's territorial control in the …
The gamonal surnamed Echegaray was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the area of Pincos by means of a 'popular trial'. This event occurred shortly after the assassination of Civil Guard Captain Luis Rodriguez Hernandez in Talavera on March 3, 1982. The assassination was part of a series of violent …
In March 1982, sub-prefect Romani was assassinated in Vilcashuamán by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This assassination was part of the Shining Path's strategy to eliminate state authorities and create a 'power vacuum' in rural areas. The event occurred in the context of a sustained offensive by the PCP-SL against the police …
On March 2, 1982, a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assaulted the Huamanga prison in an operation that resulted in a massive prison break. During the assault, 247 detainees managed to escape, among them numerous common prisoners as well as Shining Path militants. Fourteen people were killed and six wounded. …
On March 2, 1982, a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assaulted the Huamanga prison in an operation that resulted in a massive prison break. During the assault, 247 detainees managed to escape, among them numerous common prisoners as well as Shining Path militants. Fourteen people were killed and six wounded. …
Civil Guard Captain Luis Rodriguez Hernandez was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Talavera on March 3, 1982. This assassination was catalogued by the PCP-SL as an 'ajusticiamiento' under the accusation of being a 'torturer'. The event was part of a series of violent actions that the PCP-SL carried out …
On March 18, 1982, subversives of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Minas Canarias police post in the province of Victor Fajardo. This attack was part of a series of sustained assaults against police posts during 1982, aimed at pushing back the police and generating a 'power vacuum' in the countryside. …
On March 22, 1982, subversives of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso again attacked the Vischongo police post in the province of Vilcashuamán. This was the second attack on this police post, as it had been previously attacked on January 10, 1981. The attack was part of a series of sustained assaults on …
On March 26, 1982, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso again raided the Ayzarca farm. During this second incursion, they confronted the six policemen in charge of guarding the farm. As a result of the attack, Andrés Gutiérrez, who was the new administrator of the farm, was killed. This action was …
On March 29, 1982, there was a total blackout in Lima for two hours. This event was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's sabotage strategy against the capital's electrical infrastructure. The blackouts in the city were part of the actions characteristic of the initial period of violence (1980-1984), when the PCP-SL …
On March 31, 1982, subversives of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Vilcashuamán police post for the first time. This was the first of a series of three attacks that this police post would suffer during 1982. Subsequently, the post was attacked again on July 28 and August 22 of the …
On April 1, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an assault on the Civil Guard post of Pacucha, in the province of Andahuaylas. This attack was part of a series of initial armed actions by the PCP-SL in the area, which included assaults on police posts, takeovers of villages and …
On April 1, 1982, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered the Astanya hacienda in Vilcashuamán. During the raid, the Shining Path members looted the hacienda and took food supplies. This attack was part of a broader PCP-SL strategy aimed at attacking the "symbols of gamonalismo" in the area, complementing their …
On April 4, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took the town of Andarapa as part of its main initial armed actions in the province of Andahuaylas. This action took place three days after the assault on the Civil Guard post of Pacucha (April 1, 1982). The seizure of Andarapa was preceded …
On May 26, 1982, a group of approximately 200 hikers led by "René" and possibly coming from Vilcashuaman, entered Chalcos. Under the charge of snitching, they murdered a teacher and her boyfriend, a CORFA-Ayacucho engineer. This event occurred in the Districts of Chilcayoc, Chalcos and Belen, adjacent to Andahuaylas and …
In June 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered Martina de la Cruz and 11 other villagers in Buena Vista, Los Morochucos district, Cangallo province. This attack was part of the Shining Path's strategy to "beat the countryside" by assassinating authorities and "enemies" in general. As a consequence of these attacks, the …
On June 30, 1982 there was a successful assault on the Cerro de Pasco prison carried out by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The operation succeeded in freeing 11 people accused of terrorism who were being held in the prison. During the assault, one Republican Guard was killed and another …
In July 1982, Marciano Huancahuari was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Lucanamarca. He was accused of being "rich" by the Shining Path. After his assassination, 600 sheep and 100 cows of his property were distributed among the population. This event is part of the PCP-SL's strategy to "beat the …
In July 1982, five hooded men in civilian clothes arrived in the town of Hualla, in the province of Fajardo. The attackers identified and assassinated local authorities in the town square. This event is part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's strategy to 'beat the countryside' by assassinating authorities and 'enemies' in …
In July 1982, the deputy mayor of Santa Rosa died while in police custody. This event occurred in the context of the onset of violence in the Apurimac River Valley, during the period of intensification of PCP-Sendero Luminoso actions and the repressive response of the forces of law and order. …
On July 2, 1982, the towns of Chuschi and Canchacancha in the province of Cangallo were taken over. This action was part of a series of continuous raids on villages and harassment of authorities carried out by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso during that period. The seizure of these towns took place …
On July 6, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the town of Paras, in the province of Cangallo. This event took place in the context of a series of raids on villages and harassment of authorities that characterized the Shining Path's strategy during that year. The incursion to Paras occurred days …
On July 9, 1982, miners from Canarias, in the province of Victor Fajardo, were killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The victims were accused of being informers. The Canarias mine played an important role in the area for a long time as a supplier of dynamite for the subversives. This assassination …
On July 11, 1982, a group of subversives of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took the town of Ñuñungayo, located in the district of Vilca, province of Huancavelica. During this raid, the Shining Path militants assaulted the village's communal store. This action is part of the first "town seizures" that the PCP-SL …
On July 22, 1982, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso set fire to the warehouse of the Sociedad Agraria de Interés Social (SAIS) of Huancavelica. This attack was part of a series of subversive actions in the Vilca basin that intensified during that year. The objective of these actions was to …
On July 28, 1982, the second attack on the Vilcashuamán police post by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took place. This attack was part of a series of assaults on police posts that the PCP-SL carried out during 1982 in the area. The Vilcashuamán post had been attacked for the first time …
On July 31, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out simultaneous sabotage against public infrastructure in the province of Vilcashuamán. On that day, the Vischongo mini-hydroelectric plant and the Vilcashuamán power plant were simultaneously destroyed. This attack was part of the Shining Path's strategy of sabotaging public infrastructure, which was considered …
On July 31, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso executed a simultaneous sabotage against the electrical infrastructure in Vilcashuamán. In this coordinated action, both the Vischongo mini-hydroelectric plant and the Vilcashuamán power plant were destroyed. This attack was part of the Shining Path strategy of sabotaging public infrastructure, which was considered an …
In August 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an attack against the antenna of Onda Azul radio station, belonging to the Bishopric of Puno. This attack was part of a series of violent actions directed against Catholic Church institutions in the department of Puno. In the same month there was …
In August 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out attacks against institutions linked to the Catholic Church in the city of Puno. The targets were the Superior Court of Justice of Puno and the antenna of Onda Azul radio station, both belonging to the Catholic Church. This attack was part of …
On August 2, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso blew up 5 high tension towers, causing a general blackout in Lima and Callao. This attack was part of the initial strategy of sabotage and attacks against state infrastructure that characterized the period 1980-1984. Attacks on high voltage pylons were a recurrent tactic …
The province of Andahuaylas was declared an emergency zone on August 6, 1982 due to the increase in the actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region. This province, which borders the department of Ayacucho, was part of the main Regional Committee of the PCP-SL, made up of the departments …
On August 18, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso simultaneously attacked the Civil Guard posts of Orurillo and Umachiri, located in the province of Melgar, department of Puno. This attack was part of the initial actions of the Shining Path in the department of Puno during the period 1980-1983. The attack on …
On August 19, 1982, there was a generalized blackout in Lima accompanied by multiple attacks in different parts of the city. This event was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's strategy of carrying out sabotage to the electrical infrastructure and simultaneous attacks against state institutions. The blackouts were provoked by blowing …
On August 24, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the ERPS (Empresa Rural de Propiedad Social) Oxani, which belonged to the SAIS Sollocota, located in the province of Azángaro, department of Puno. This attack was part of the initial actions of the PCP-SL in the department of Puno during the period …
On August 24, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Oxani Social Property Rural Enterprise (ERPS), which belonged to the Sollocota Social Interest Agricultural Society (SAIS), located in the province of Azángaro. This attack was part of the Shining Path's strategy to destroy the associative companies created by the agrarian reform, …
In September 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated the Nieto Cisneros brothers in the town of Matara, district of Accocro, province of Huamanga. This event was part of the initial strategy of the PCP-SL to eliminate local authorities and people considered enemies of their revolutionary project. Subsequently, in May 1983, Matara …
On September 8, 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an assault on the Huancapi prison in the province of Fajardo. This event took place in the context of a series of armed actions aimed at expelling the police from rural areas and consolidating the territorial control of the PCP-SL in …
Juan Vilca Cutipa, lieutenant governor of Tiramaza in the province of Azángaro, was assassinated on September 9, 1982. This assassination occurred in the context of a series of attacks perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Puno region. On the same day of Vilca Cutipa's assassination, attacks were also registered …
On September 22, 1982, a group of peasants from Chuschi were killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. These peasants had been accused of abigeos (cattle rustling). This event was part of a series of selective assassinations that the PCP-SL carried out during 1982 against authorities, villagers and people accused of various …
On September 23, 1982, a teacher was murdered in Pomacocha by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The teacher was executed after refusing to read a subversive proclamation demanded by the Shining Path militants. This murder was part of a series of executions of authorities and people accused of "snitching" or opposing the …
In October 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an incursion in Santo Tomás de Pata, Angaraes province. During this action, the subversives looted merchants' stores to steal supplies and destroyed machinery and equipment. In response to this attack, a few days later the police 'Sinchis' raided the area for the …
On October 1, 1982 there was an assault on the Civil Guard post located in Erapata, district of Vilcabamba, province of La Convención, Quillabamba. During this attack, one Civil Guard died. This event is part of the first armed actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Apurimac river valley area. …
Alejandro Huamán, president of the Uchuraccay community, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in late November or early December 1982. The murder was in retaliation for having led the expulsion of Shining Path militants from the community in October 1982. He was also punished for having removed and burned a …
On November 5, 1982, the governor of Alcamenca, in the province of Fajardo, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This assassination was part of a series of executions of local authorities and people accused of 'snitching' that intensified during that year. The event occurred in the context of the PCP-SL's …
On November 10, 1982, a teacher from Huancaraylla was murdered by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This murder was part of a series of systematic executions of authorities and people accused of 'snitching' that the PCP-SL carried out during that period in the province of Fajardo. The assassination occurred in the context …
On November 19, 1982, the first People's Trial was held in Huancasancos against a person identified as "Moises". This event marked the beginning of the public popular trials carried out by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in this province. The popular trials that led to executions were the most shocking assassinations for …
On November 25, 1982, a peasant farmer from Taca, Fajardo province, was murdered accused of 'snitching'. This murder was part of a series of systematic executions that the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out against authorities and people considered 'enemies' during that period. The event was part of the Shining Path's strategy …
On November 25, 1982, post office employees in Huancapi, Fajardo province, were killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The victims were accused of 'soplonaje' (being informants). This murder was part of a series of executions that the PCP-SL carried out during November 1982 against authorities and people considered 'enemies' in the …
In December 1982, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso killed twelve villagers in Pumahuasi, also known as Rumichaca, in the district of Santillana, province of Huanta. This event is part of a series of murders perpetrated by Sendero Luminoso in the highland communities of Huanta during that period. The murders took place in …
In December 1982, the Armed Forces (FFAA) were charged with conducting the counter-subversive struggle in the department of Ayacucho. This event marked a crucial turning point in the Peruvian internal armed conflict. From that moment on, there was a notable escalation of violence, especially from 1983 onwards, reaching its highest …
Valentín Loayza Cuya was kidnapped in December 1982 in the Tiquihua/Hualla area, Fajardo province. During 1983 and 1984, Tiquihua was under the control of the 'unknown' (a term used to refer to the PCP-Sendero Luminoso). As a result of Shining Path control in the area, military bases were established in …
On December 27, 1982, the inhabitants of the Maraypata annex in Churcampa clashed with a group of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso who wanted to punish them for having formed peasant patrols. In the confrontation, several subversives died and were buried nearby. This event represents one of the first cases of organized …
On December 29, 1982, Supreme Decree 068-82 IN was issued ordering the Armed Forces to assume internal control of the Department of Ayacucho. The command was assigned to General Roberto Clemente Noel Moral. This measure was taken in the context of increased violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and marked the …
On December 30, 1982, the province of Chincheros was created, dividing the former province of Andahuaylas in the department of Apurimac. This creation took place in a context of intensification of the internal armed conflict in the area, since the province of Andahuaylas had been declared an emergency zone on …
During 1983, Peruvian law enforcement agencies suffered 13 fatal casualties as a result of the internal armed conflict, according to information submitted by the Joint Command of the Armed Forces and the Ministry of the Interior to the CVR. Of these casualties, 4 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 9 …
From 1983 onwards, there was a notable escalation of violence in the department of Ayacucho, especially after the armed forces were put in charge of the counter-subversive struggle in December 1982. The year 1984 corresponds to the moment of greatest intensity of the conflict, which caused the highest number of …
The first phases of the internal armed conflict were marked by its eminently Ayacucho character and by the high peaks of violence reached in 1983 and 1984. Between 1982 and 1985, the conflict was practically confined to the department of Ayacucho. In December 1982, the Armed Forces (FFAA) were charged …
The year 1984 corresponds to the moment of greatest intensity of the Peruvian internal armed conflict, causing the highest number of deaths and disappearances reported to the CVR (19% of the total number of victims). This period is part of the initial phase of the conflict, centered essentially in the …
In 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attempted to thwart the electoral process in the locality of Marcabalito, district of Huamachuco, province of Sanchez Carrion. This event was part of the Shining Path's strategy to sabotage democratic institutions and local authorities in the region. The attempt is part of the initial period …
In 1983, a military base was installed in Churcampa, department of Huancavelica. This installation was part of the Peruvian State's counterinsurgency strategy against the advance of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region. The military base was established in the context of the constant strikes and strikes by miners in 1982, …
At the end of 1983, a military base was installed at the Cobriza mining center, a production unit of Centromín Perú. This military installation was in response to a violent attack perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the middle of the night on January 1, 1984, when the subversive group …
In 1983, a military base was installed in Marcavalle, district of La Oroya, as part of the Peruvian State's counter-subversive strategy. This military installation had a significant impact on the presence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the metallurgical zone of La Oroya, considerably limiting its capacity for action in the …
The first subversive action recorded in Alto Huallaga occurred in 1983 against the facilities of the Control and Reduction of Coca Cultivation in Alto Huallaga (CORAH) project, located in Tingo Maria. This attack marked the beginning of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's actions in the Alto Huallaga region. The PCP-SL sought to …
In January 1983, the first popular trial was held in Sacsamarca organized by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against Professor Emilio. The professor was accused of being a traitor by the Shining Path and publicly executed in the town square. This popular trial was one of the first events of its kind …
In January 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered 12 people in the town of Vilcanchos, province of Víctor Fajardo. This event occurred in the context of an escalation of violence in the area, where the PCP-SL intensified its actions against authorities and villagers accused of being enemies of their cause. The …
In January 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso committed a collective assassination of villagers in the locality of Llusita, province of Victor Fajardo. This event was part of the Shining Path's strategy to 'beat the countryside' by assassinating authorities and 'enemies' in general. Later, in April 1983, the disappearance of 4 community …
In January 1983, community members of Huaychao, in the highlands of the province of Huanta, killed seven Shining Path members in reaction to the assassination of community authorities. This action represents one of the first violent responses of peasant communities to the authoritarian project of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The event …
In January 1983, the first incursions and assassinations took place in the peasant communities of the department of Cuzco, specifically in the province of Acomayo. These events marked the beginning of the violence of the internal armed conflict in this area of the department. The province of Acomayo also suffered …
An armed group dressed in civilian clothes broke into the Iguaín hacienda. The men entered the house and took out two girls. First they raped them and then shot them to death. The bodies of the victims were found with obvious signs of rape and execution.
The mayor of a community had been threatened with death by the PCP-SL so that he would resign his post. When he refused, the Shining Path members entered the mayor's house, arrested his wife and murdered her. Her body showed signs of having been raped. The case is evidence of …
At the end of 1983, the Army installed a counter-subversive base in the provincial capital of Churcampa, as part of the military strategy to counteract the actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region. This base was added to another previously installed in the locality of Millpo, in the high …
In 1983, the community members of Canchacancha took action against the Shining Path-PCP Shining Path guerrillas who had attacked their community. In the confrontation, the community members managed to capture several subversives, although they lost community member Albino Tacuri Condori. Those captured were handed over to the police, but their …
On January 18, 1983, a group of subversives of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attempted to demolish a microwave tower of the National Telecommunications Company (ENTEL) located 20 kilometers from Huancayo. This attack was part of a series of violent actions that Shining Path militants carried out against public and private infrastructure …
On January 20, 1983, the first public appearance of armed militants of the PCP-SL took place in Lima. Four militants burst into the university dining hall where they harangued the diners present. During the action, they distributed a document on the advance of the war in the country. In addition, …
The community members of Huaychao and Macabamba murdered seven members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This event occurred in the context of an inter-communal rebellion against Shining Path in the highlands of Huanta province. The event was preceded by the assassination of the president and lieutenant governor of the Huaychao community …
On approximately January 22, 1983, five members of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path were killed in the community of Uchuraccay. According to testimonies, these five Shining Path members were not carrying weapons, only two of them were carrying empty Gloria milk jars. This event occurred in a …
On January 23, 1983, the guide Juan Argumedo was captured 5 kilometers from Uchuraccay, at the point called Yuracyacu. He was taken to the community of Uchuraccay for interrogation. Three days later, on January 26, Juan Argumedo García was murdered together with eight journalists and the community member Severino Huáscar …
On January 23, 1983, a patrol of Sinchis arrived in the community of Uchuraccay carrying food. During this visit, the Sinchis were surprised by the organization adopted by the community for their defense. This visit occurred two days after the killing of seven PCP-SL members in the communities of Huaychao …
Following an inter-communal agreement adopted two weeks earlier, the inhabitants of Uchuraccay and other neighboring communities such as Huaychao, Cunya, Paria and Carhuahurán went to Iquicha to capture members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. During this expedition, they detained 13 people, among them the lieutenant governor, accusing them of being collaborators …
In the context of escalating violence in Peru, the community of Uchuraccay engaged in intercommunal trials on January 27, 1983, targeting individuals suspected of supporting the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. These trials were part of a broader rebellion against the insurgent group, led by traditional community authorities. The trials highlighted the community's …
The day after the capture of fourteen Iquichan peasants suspected of belonging to or supporting the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, the villagers of Uchuraccay gathered in the square to judge the prisoners. The trial was carried out by taking the detainees one by one to the square to testify before the community. …
On February 4, 1983, in an extraordinary legislature, the Schwalb cabinet was presented before the Peruvian Parliament. This cabinet, headed by Fernando Schwalb López Aldana as Premier, had been announced on the first day of January of that year. The presentation before the Parliament was a protocolary act necessary for …
On February 7, 1983, a group of approximately 15 armed people attacked the warehouses of the Monterrey store in Lima. This attack was part of the first stage of the internal armed conflict in the capital, characterized by sabotage and attacks on state institutions and private companies. The event occurred …
The first popular trial carried out by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Lucanamarca occurred on February 17, 1983. The victim was a 74-year-old community member who served as vice-president of the community. This community member had held almost every position in both the community and the district throughout his life. He …
On February 18, 1983, the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP) held its traditional Fraternity Rally. This annual political event was a characteristic activity of the Aprista party during the period of Fernando Belaunde Terry's government. The rally took place in a political context marked by the subversive violence of the PCP-Sendero …
In March 1983, a Civil Guard post was installed in Illahuasi, as part of the State's strategy to intensify its presence in the rural area of Andahuaylas in the face of the advance of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This installation was part of a broader process of establishing new police posts …
On March 13, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the premises of Cooperación Popular in the city of Puno. This attack was part of a series of initial actions by the subversive group in the department of Puno during the first years of the internal armed conflict. The targets of the …
In April 1983, fifteen villagers from Huancaraylla, a district in the province of Victor Fajardo, were disappeared by military personnel from the Cangallo base. This event occurred in the context of the military offensive that began in January 1983, when the Armed Forces entered the area to combat the PCP-Sendero …
In April 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out armed incursions in the towns of Lucanamarca and Huancasancos in Ayacucho. These incursions resulted in approximately 80 deaths in total between the two localities. The CVR report mentions these events in the context of contrasting the unequal media coverage that different massacres …
The central leadership of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso directly decided to carry out this massacre in retaliation for the organization of self-defense patrols in the area and the death of one of their local cadres. The final toll was 79 community members (including children, women and the elderly) brutally murdered with …
In April 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso perpetrated a collective murder in the town of Llusita, in the province of Víctor Fajardo. This event took place in the context of the intensification of violence in the region during 1983, the year with the highest death toll in the entire department of …
In April 1983, several residents of Totos, a district in the province of Cangallo, were detained by members of the Peruvian Army. Some of the detainees were later killed. This event took place in the context of the military offensive initiated in January 1983 against supposed support bases of the …
On April 20, 1983 in Ocros, subversive elements of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered 18 peasants in the town of Juquisa for refusing to follow Shining Path slogans. This event occurred in the context of increasing violence in the province of Cangallo after the installation of the Totos military base.
On April 20, 1983, in Juquisa, district of Ocros, province of Cangallo, 18 peasants were killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The victims were executed for refusing to follow PCP-SL slogans and for being registered on a Shining Path list as "government dogs". This event is part of the PCP-SL's strategy …
On April 22, 1983, peasants from the town of Carhuanca were murdered by subversive elements of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This event was part of the escalation of violence in the province of Cangallo during 1983.
On April 23, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the premises of the Acción Popular party in the city of Puno. This attack was part of a series of actions directed against public and local institutions of the ruling party during the first years of the internal armed conflict in the …
On April 28, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the premises of the Agrarian Bank in the city of Juliaca, province of San Roman, department of Puno. This attack was part of a series of initial actions by the PCP-SL in the department of Puno during the period 1980-1983, characterized by …
In May 1983, residents of Hualla, a district in the province of Victor Fajardo, were detained and later disappeared by soldiers from the Canaria barracks. This event took place in the context of the military counteroffensive initiated in January 1983 against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region. The detention and …
In May 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered the town of Yerbabuena taking advantage of the absence of the Republican Guard. During this incursion, the subversives assassinated 29 villagers. This attack took place in a context of increasing violence in the Chungui area, where the PCP-SL sought to expand its territorial …
In May 1983, the first PCP-Sendero Luminoso raids and assassinations took place in peasant communities in the department of Cuzco. Among these initial attacks was the one in the district of Sucuytambo, in the province of Espinar. This event is part of the beginning of the violence in the Cuzco …
In May 1983, a patrol of the Peruvian Army committed severe human rights violations against the residents of the Quispillacta community. The army arbitrarily detained and subsequently killed the villagers. This event occurred during a period of intense conflict between government forces and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Ayacucho region.
In the early morning of May 20, 1983, days before the feast of the Holy Spirit, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the community of Uchuraccay and killed around 20 villagers. This attack was part of a series of reprisals by the PCP-SL against the community, which had staged one of the …
On May 21, 1983, over 100 militants from the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the community of Canchacancha, Peru. The attackers fired guns, launched explosives, and threatened to destroy the community unless there was an immediate surrender. Despite the community's efforts to defend themselves, several residents were killed or injured, and multiple …
On May 21, 1983, a group of more than 100 militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided Canchacancha shouting allusive to the "armed struggle", shooting with firearms, throwing explosives and threatening to destroy the community. The attack left 5 people dead (Mariano Conde Cancho, 52 years old, Jesús Labio Conde, 52 …
In the early morning of May 21, 1983, an unspecified number of hikers, men and women, from the "lower part" (Hualla, Tiquihua, Canaria, etc.), led by "comrade Omar", prepared an attack against Sacsamarca. When the hikers were in the Pallqa annex, one of the community members they had arrested managed …
On May 27, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso dynamited 10 high tension towers in Lima, causing a general blackout in the city. This action was part of the subversive strategy of sabotaging the capital's electrical infrastructure. The attack took place in the context of the first stage of the internal armed …
In June 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso killed 14 people in Accocro, a district in the province of Huamanga. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of violence following the entry of the Armed Forces into the region in January 1983. Accocro was the scene of multiple massacres during …
In June 1983, there was a change in police forces in the district of Andarapa, province of Andahuaylas. The Republican Guard that had been operating in the area was replaced by members of the Civil Guard. This change in law enforcement occurred in the context of the intensification of the …
On June 24, 1983, a group of thirty subversives of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated Alcira Benavides Albeo in Madrid, annex of Huarautambo, district of Yanahuanca. She was accused of being a "gamonalista" and was subjected to a popular trial before her execution. After the assassination, her hacienda was looted and …
In July 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso perpetrated a massacre against ronderos and community members in Buenavista, Los Morochucos district, Cangallo province. This attack took place in the context of the intensification of violence in the region during 1983, a year that registered the highest number of deaths in the department …
In July 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an explosive attack against the premises of the Student Federation of the San Antonio Abad del Cuzco National University. This attack was part of the Shining Path's initial strategy to establish a presence in the university in Cuzco. The attack took place …
In July 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the town of Sachabamba, Chiara district, Huamanga province, killing 20 community members. This event was part of a series of massacres perpetrated by the Shining Path in the district of Chiara during 1983, which also included the murder of 10 community members in …
In July 1983, there was an armed confrontation between columns of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and ronderos from Vilcashuamán. This event took place in the context of the generalized violence that characterized 1983 in the area, with the highest number of deaths in the region. The confrontation was part of the …
On July 11, 1983, at approximately 7:28 p.m., a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked with shrapnel and explosives the main office of the Acción Popular political party located on Paseo Colón. The attack was carried out by a group of subversives who threw three dynamite charges inside the premises …
At midnight on July 16, 1983, after the feast of the Virgin of Carmen in Uchuraccay, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the community, killing another 20 Uchuraccaínos. This attack was part of a series of systematic reprisals by the PCP-SL against the Uchuraccay community, which had led one of the first …
On July 16, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out its second bloody attack against the community of Uchuraccay. In this raid, approximately 20 people were killed. This attack was part of a series of three PCP-SL raids against Uchuraccay in 1983, in retaliation for the murder of journalists and hikers …
On July 21, 1983, the Peruvian capital suffered the most serious power outage in its history. This blackout allowed the execution of several terrorist attacks in the city. The event occurred in the context of an intense campaign of violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, which had declared its second wave …
A major police operation was carried out in the city of Huancavelica on July 24, 1983. The operation was characterized by the number of police personnel involved and the significant number of people detained. More than forty people were arrested during this operation, accused of being alleged subversives or collaborators …
On July 27, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Camelid Technical Research Institute located in La Raya, on the border between the departments of Cuzco and Puno. This attack marked an important moment in the expansion of the internal armed conflict into the high provinces of the department of Cuzco. …
In August 1983, Julio Orozco Huamaní, the secretary general of the Federation of Campesinos of the Valley of the Apurímac River, was assassinated at the Hacienda Lusiana, a base of the Peruvian Navy. This event marked a significant escalation in the violence in the region, leading to the disbandment of …
In August 1983, the courthouse in Acobamba was dynamited. This attack occurred in the context of an intensification of PCP-Sendero Luminoso actions in the province, which included assassinations of peasants and attacks against public infrastructure. In the same month, in the community of Llamacancha, the Shining Path attacked five houses …
In August 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso perpetrated a massacre in the town of Ñuñunhuayco, district of Cangallo, province of Cangallo, Ayacucho. The attack resulted in the murder of 13 villagers and the razing of the village. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of violence in the area …
In August 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso perpetrated a massacre in the Yaquia ranch, located in the district of Lucanamarca, province of Huancasancos. The attack resulted in 8 peasants dead and 2 wounded. This event was part of the context of generalized violence that characterized 1983 in the area, when the …
Fortunato Gavilán García, lieutenant governor of Uchuraccay, was killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso when he tried to flee into the jungle. Gavilán had been a central figure in the events of January 1983, actively participating in the capture and threatening of peasants from Iquicha, whom he threatened to kill by …
In September 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated five community authorities in the town of Cayramayo, Santillana district, Huanta province. This was part of the Shining Path's strategy of eliminating traditional authorities and any form of organization existing in the peasant communities. The assassination of local authorities was part of the …
In September 1983, a subversive column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the district of Lircay, province of Angaraes. During this incursion, the Shining Path forced local authorities to resign from their posts under threat. This action was part of the PCP-SL strategy of 'emptying the existing power' in the countryside …
In September 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered 10 community members in the town of Bellavista, district of Chiara, province of Huamanga. This event was part of a series of massacres perpetrated in the area during 1983, a year that saw a dramatic intensification of violence in the provinces of Huamanga, …
On October 1, 1983, a delegation of the Peruvian Investigative Police (PIP) traveled to Uchuraccay in search of the community members who had been requisitioned for the judicial process related to the massacre of journalists that occurred in January of that year. Upon arriving in the community, the members of …
On October 15, 1983, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a harassment attack against the Churcampa police post. This attack took place in the context of a series of subversive actions aimed at destroying the existing system of authorities and harassing police posts in the region. The action was …
Francisco Alanya Huayra, a community leader, was murdered on October 16, 1983 by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. He was accused of collaborating with the military in the counter-subversive base of Milpo. This murder occurred in the context of the installation of counter-subversive bases in the area and the Shining …
In November 1983, five community members from San Agustín, Santa Rosa, were disappeared by members of the army. This event occurred during the initial period of military intervention in the Apurimac River Valley, when the Armed Forces were beginning to establish their presence in the area. The disappearance of these …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Civil Guard police post in Tinta, province of Canchis, department of Cuzco. This attack was part of the first incursions of the PCP-SL in the high provinces of the department of Cuzco. The attack on Tinta occurred in the context of an escalation of subversive …
DIRCOTE (Directorate Against Terrorism) captured Antonio Diaz Martinez, who was a leader of the PCP-SL (Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path) since its beginnings. The Minister of the Interior pointed out that, with the capture of Antonio Diaz Martinez, for the first time, a prominent figure of the PCP-SL …
On December 9, 1983, a group of hikers arrived in the community of Santa Carmen pretending to be police officers. Once there, they tortured and killed 7 local community members and a businessman from Talavera, Andahuaylas. This event occurred in the context of the expansion of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in …
On December 11, 1983, villagers from various communities in the districts of Vilca, Manta and Acobambilla (province of Huancavelica) were gathered by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Vilca. The subversives organized these villagers as a 'mass' to assault three Production Units of SAIS Cahuide: Tucle, Laive and Antapongo, located …
On December 24, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out its third bloody attack against the community of Uchuraccay. In this third attack, 8 more peasants lost their lives. This attack was part of a series of three PCP-SL raids against Uchuraccay in 1983: on May 20 (approximately 20 killed), July …
In 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated a group of workers of the Control and Reduction of Coca Cultivation in Alto Huallaga (CORAH) project and destroyed the Aucayacu police post. This action was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to achieve political hegemony in the Alto Huallaga area. The attack followed a …
Between 1984 and 1990, the Peruvian Army carried out successive lightning operations on both banks of the Huallaga River in order to surprise drug traffickers and the Shining Path organization operating in the area. These operations led to confrontations with PCP-SL companies that resulted in many deaths on both sides. …
In January 1984, in the locality of Mayocc, district of Ocros, province of Cangallo, 15 peasants were killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The peasants were executed for refusing to join the ranks of the PCP-SL. This event was part of the Shining Path's strategy to "beat the countryside" and eliminate …
During January and February 1984, PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants continuously harassed the police at the Cobriza mining camp, located in the district of San Pedro de Coris, province of Churcampa. This harassment was part of the subversive strategy of attacking mining facilities and companies in the region. The Cobriza mining camp …
In January 1984, the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) was founded and the agreements of its First Central Committee were reached. On January 22, the first action claimed by the MRTA took place: opening fire on a police station in Villa El Salvador (VES) after the murder of a resident …
On New Year's Eve 1984, there was a terrorist attack that left Lima and other cities in the country in darkness as they prepared to welcome the new year. This attack was part of the escalation of violence that characterized the period, in a context where the PCP-Sendero Luminoso intensified …
Elba Barrientos, president of the Mothers' Club of Acos Vinchos in Huamanga, was assassinated along with her son in 1984 during a PCP-Sendero Luminoso raid. This assassination is part of the systematic offensive by the PCP-SL against leaders of popular women's organizations, especially those linked to welfare organizations such as …
In 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an attack on the Coca Reduction and Eradication Project in Alto Huallaga (CORAH) in Monzon. This was the second attack on CORAH installations, following one in late 1983 in another locality. The attack resulted in the death of 19 project workers. This event …
In 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Pucate cooperative located in the district of José Crespo y Castillo, in the Huallaga basin. During this attack, the PCP-SL assassinated the President of the cooperative along with six leaders and members. This attack was part of a series of violent actions that …
The year 1984 represents the moment of greatest intensity of the internal armed conflict in Peru, causing the highest number of deaths and disappearances reported to the CVR, reaching 19% of the total number of victims. This peak is part of the initial period of the conflict, centered essentially in …
The year 1984 marked the first peak of violence in the internal armed conflict, being the moment of greatest intensity that caused the highest number of deaths and disappearances reported to the CVR (19% of the total number of victims). This period is part of the initial phase of the …
During 1984, Peruvian law enforcement suffered 27 fatal casualties in the context of the internal armed conflict, representing 1.6% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period under investigation. Of these casualties, 15 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 12 to the Police Forces. This year …
Elba Barrientos, president of the Mothers' Club of Acos Vinchos in Huamanga, was assassinated along with her son in 1984 during a PCP-Sendero Luminoso raid. This assassination is part of the systematic offensive by the PCP-SL against leaders of popular organizations, especially women who led mothers' clubs and welfare organizations. …
Flavia Gastelu was a leader of Rondas Campesinas in Ayacucho who was assassinated in 1984. She held the position of President or leader of the Rondas Campesinas. Her death is part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive against social leaders, particularly women community leaders. The case of Flavia Gastelu represents one …
In 1984, the first organized peasant resistance efforts were registered through self-defense committees in the province of Angaraes, department of Huancavelica. These organizations emerged mainly in the communities of Cuticsa, Yuraccocha, Anchahuay, Julcamarca, Secclla and Atunakihuay in response to the violence unleashed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The formation of these …
In 1984, the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru (MRTA) emerged amidst a severe economic crisis and increasing violence from the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The MRTA sought to distinguish itself by promoting its armed struggle and recruiting political and military cadres, some of whom left university to join guerrilla fronts. The organization began …
Throughout 1984, Uchuraccay was repeatedly attacked by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, the military and the peasant patrols of the surrounding communities. These attacks resulted in numerous deaths and the complete abandonment of the town. The survivors fled to the jungle, Tambo, Huanta, Huamanga and Lima. Not only did the State leave …
On January 5, 1984, a column of subversives of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took the capital of the district of Yauli in the province of Huancavelica. After haranguing the assembled population, the Shining Path militants murdered two villagers who had refused to collaborate with them. This action was part of the …
On January 14, 1984, there was a confrontation between the forces of law and order and presumed Shining Path members in the town of Cobriza, province of Tayacaja, department of Huancavelica. The confrontation resulted in the death of 18 people identified as seditionists or presumed members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. …
On January 22, 1984, in Villa El Salvador, Lima, elements of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Civil Guard post. This attack took place in the context of the intensification of subversive actions in Metropolitan Lima during the first stage of the internal armed conflict (1980-1984). The attack was part of …
On January 24, 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a new "people's trial" in the town of Morcolla, Lucanas province. During this event, four villagers were killed under the accusation of "snitching", that is, of being informers for the forces of law and order. This was the second popular trial …
On February 7, 1984, in the community of Sacsamarca, the former president of the community's Administrative Council was assassinated by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The victim was accused of collaborating with the police. This murder is part of the PCP-SL's strategy of eliminating local authorities and people considered to …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso planned a second military campaign to be carried out in two waves. The first wave was programmed from March 1984 to May 1984, and the second wave from June 1984 to December 1986. This planning was part of the subversive group's military strategy to expand and consolidate …
On March 21, 1984, eighteen military trucks arrived in the districts of Manta and Vilca, in the province of Huancavelica. This massive arrival of military troops was part of the Peruvian State's counter-subversive strategy in response to the presence and actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Vilca river basin. …
The mayor of Tingo Maria, Tito Jaime Fernandez, was assassinated on April 19, 1984 by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This assassination occurred between two assaults on the town of Aucayacu, where the PCP-SL had attacked the police post with a death toll of twenty. The assassination of the mayor was part …
On April 30, 1984, there was an armed confrontation between the Civil Guard and subversive elements of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the town of Erapata, Lucmahuayco. The clash resulted in the death of 22 subversives and a police sergeant. This event was part of the escalation of violence that characterized …
In May 1984, the towns of Villa Virgen and Pomabamba were taken over by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This event is part of the expansion of violence in the department of Apurimac during 1984, when the internal armed conflict began its upward trend in the southern Andes. The seizures of these …
On May 3, 1984, the town of Villa Virgen in Vilcabamba was taken over by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This event was part of a series of subversive actions in the Apurimac River Valley during 1984. Days later, on May 17, the town of Pomabamba in the same province of Vilcabamba …
On May 15, 1984, a column of PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants assaulted the town of Pilcas in the province of Andahuaylas. During this attack, the Shining Path killed 35 peasants. This event occurred in a period when the PCP-SL controlled a good part of the rural space of Andahuaylas and was …
On May 17, 1984, the town of Pomabamba in Vilcabamba, province of La Convención, was attacked by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This attack was part of a series of subversive actions in the Apurimac River Valley during that period. Days earlier, on May 3, the town of Villa Virgen in the …
In June 1984, soldiers from the Concepción military base killed six people identified as Shining Path guerrillas in the town of Tantar, Vilcashuamán district. This event occurred in the context of the military counteroffensive initiated in 1983 against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region. The Vilcashuamán military base had been …
In June 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Huamanguilla police post. This attack took place in a context of intensifying violence in the province of Huanta, where subversive forces, law enforcement and peasant patrols were engaged in constant confrontations. The attack was part of the Shining Path's strategy to weaken …
On June 24, 1984, during the celebration of the feast of Corpus Christi, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an armed incursion against the town of Huancasancos. The attack resulted in thirty wounded and eight dead, among them the chief captain of the military base installed in the place. This attack …
During the celebration of the feast of Corpus Christi in Huancasancos, a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the town. The attack resulted in thirty wounded and eight dead, among them the chief captain of the military base installed in the place. This incursion occurred in a context of intensifying …
In July 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso killed 40 people in Ccanis, a community located in the highlands of the city of Huanta. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of the internal armed conflict in the area, during the period of greatest violence in the provinces of Huanta, …
In July 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered 12 people in the district of Hualla, Fajardo province. This event is part of a series of murders committed by the PCP-SL in the area during that year. Most of the murders that appear in the Hualla accounts were committed by the PCP-SL. …
During the celebration of the patron saint's day in Huarcayocc, Vilcashuamán district, 10 people were arrested by the military. The detainees were taken to the Ocros military base. Subsequently, these people disappeared without any news of their whereabouts. This event took place in the context of military operations against alleged …
In July 1984, there was an armed confrontation between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and peasant ronderos in Trigopampa, a locality in the district of San José de Ticllas. This confrontation was part of the context of the organization of counter-subversive peasant patrols in the area, which were expanding rapidly in 1984. …
In July 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso killed 10 people in Incapampa, a locality in the district of San José de Ticllas. This occurred in the context of confrontations between the PCP-SL and the peasant patrols that were being organized in the area. The same month, in Trigopampa (also in San …
In July 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso perpetrated a massacre in Pacucro, Huamanguilla district, Huanta province, killing more than 40 people. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of the armed conflict in the area, during one of the most violent years recorded in the provinces of Huanta, Huamanga …
On July 2, 1984, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso broke into the towns of Huayrapata, San Antonio de Paterini, San Martin and Quillabamba, all located in the district of San Francisco, province of La Mar. The attackers killed forty peasants who had collaborated with the forces of law and order. …
On July 24, 1984, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated the provincial mayor of Huancayo, Saúl Muñoz Menacho, who belonged to Izquierda Unida (IU). This assassination occurred in the context of an escalation of violence that had begun on June 22, 1984 throughout the country. The attack was part of …
On July 28, 1984, a column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the town of Morcolla, in the province of Lucanas, Ayacucho. This was the bloodiest of the three Shining Path incursions recorded in Morcolla during 1983-1984. The Shining Path column killed 36 people during this raid. In addition to the …
On July 28, 1984, the mayor of the district of Santillana, Alberto la Rosa, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. Along with him was executed Juan Contreras, who was a former mayor of the same district. This assassination was part of the Shining Path's strategy to eliminate local authorities and …
In August 1984, the new head of the political-military command, General Adrián Huamán Centeno from Andahuaylino, participated in a meeting in Vinchos that brought together approximately eight thousand peasants from 44 communities that had organized themselves into peasant patrols. This meeting represented a significant moment in the consolidation of peasant …
On August 1, 1984, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso knocked down an electrical system tower in the district of Pazos, province of Tayacaja. This attack was part of the Shining Path's strategy of sabotaging the region's electrical infrastructure. The attack took place in a context where military pressure was increasing, …
On August 24, 1984, the Joint Command of the Armed Forces issued an official communiqué about the discovery of a mass grave in Pucayacu. The communiqué suggested that the bodies found in the grave were those of members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso killed in confrontations with the Armed Forces. Two …
In September 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the town of Huanchi, Santa Rosa district, and killed 9 community members. This event was part of a series of attacks perpetrated by the Shining Path in the Apurimac River Valley during 1984, a year of intense violence in the area. The attack …
In September 1984, a massacre occurred in Putis, Peru, where 154 people, including women and children, were killed by state agents. The massacre was a reprisal against the community for alleged collaboration with the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. Victims were forced to dig their own graves under false pretenses before being executed, …
On September 29, 1984, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso disguised as police officers assassinated a group of peasants in Chilcayoc. This attack took place in a context of growing community opposition to Shining Path actions. Previously, on August 13 of the same year, another group of Chilcayoc community members on …
In October 1984, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered 16 people in the Ayna district. The bodies of the victims were found on the banks of the San Francisco River. This event was part of the escalation of violence that characterized 1984 in the Apurimac River Valley, a period in …
In October 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso killed 7 community members in the town of Huanchi, Santa Rosa district, in the Apurimac River Valley. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of Shining Path violence in the area, during the period in which the PCP-SL sought to consolidate its …
In November 1984, approximately 40 subversives of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered the village of Lucmahuaycco, located in Cusco, in order to raise awareness among the population. At approximately 11 p.m. that same day, the forces of law and order together with the Mollebamba ronderos entered the village. As a result …
In November 1984, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso committed a collective murder in Hualla, a district in the province of Victor Fajardo. According to the report, 12 people were found dead in the house of Eustaquio Pariona, all killed by the PCP-SL. This event occurred in a context of generalized violence in …
On November 9, 1984, in the district of Acobambilla, Huancavelica province, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered three local authorities. The victims were a teacher, the municipal agent and the district governor, who were executed accused of being "informers". Two days later, on November 11, the Shining Path also assassinated …
Marcos de La Cruz Quispe, a rondero from the district of Acobambilla, was murdered by PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants on November 11, 1984. This murder occurred two days after the PCP-SL executed a teacher, the municipal agent and the district governor of Acobambilla, who were also accused of being 'informers'. The …
On November 24, 1984, a combined police, military and self-defense committee operation, apparently coming from the province of La Mar in Ayacucho, disappeared the community of Lucmahuayco. The villagers were killed and the survivors were taken to the city of Quillabamba to be prosecuted as terrorists. The counter-subversive forces accused …
On November 29, 1984, a national strike was called by the General Confederation of Peruvian Workers (CGTP) and the National Unitary Command of Struggle (Comando Nacional Unitario de Lucha). This strike took place in a context of intense political violence and escalation of the internal armed conflict in the country. …
On December 5, 1984, in the district of Puca, province of Huanta, department of Ayacucho, 120 members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered 22 ronderos. This attack was part of the escalation of violence that characterized 1984 in the emergency zone of Ayacucho. The event occurred in the context of confrontations …
On December 23, 1984, a column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso surprised the villagers of Pampaccoris, in the province of Tayacaja, department of Huancavelica. The attack was perpetrated as revenge against the villagers because they had helped the Armed Forces in a previous operation. This event was part of the escalation …
In the district of Huariaca, the first Shining Path incursions date back to 1985. Huariaca was an obligatory transit point for PCP-SL militants to enter neighboring districts in the province of Ambo (Huánuco). These first incursions marked the beginning of the Shining Path's presence in the area, which would later …
In 1985, in the district of Huaccaña, province of Parinacochas, the mayor and two villagers were murdered. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of PCP-Sendero Luminoso actions in the southern part of Ayacucho. The district of Huaccaña had been identified as an area with PCP-SL support bases …
In mid-1985, an organization was formed and developed in the city as part of the Revolutionary Movement for the Defense of the People (MRDP). This organization was created by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of its operational structure in Lima. The MRDP was part of the central apparatus of the …
In 1985, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out multiple raids on the Vinchos mining company located in Pallanchacra, Pasco province. These actions included assassinations, looting and burning of the mining facilities. The raids took place on more than one occasion during that year, as part of the PCP-SL's expansion strategy in …
During 1985, Peruvian law enforcement agencies suffered 31 fatal casualties in the fight against armed subversion, according to information provided by the armed forces and the Ministry of the Interior to the CVR. Of these casualties, 15 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 16 to the Police Forces. These deaths …
In 1985, most of the Agricultural Societies of Social Interest (SAIS) and Agricultural Production Cooperatives (CAP) in small plots were dissolved. This process occurred after a period of economic and administrative crisis of these associative enterprises created during the Agrarian Reform. The dissolution of these business structures was used by …
Between 1985 and 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered a stage of retreat after the violent state repression in Ayacucho and penetration into other social and geographic spaces. It sought to generate support bases and expand its actions in the central, northeastern and southern Andean regions and in the cities. It …
Members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Uchiza police station, detained 15 policemen and took them to the Plaza de Armas. In the presence of all the villagers they tortured, cut and killed 8 policemen. The others were spared because, according to the attackers, they did not commit any abuse, …
In 1985, there was an armed confrontation between a military patrol of the Peruvian Army and a contingent of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in a place known as Llanaslla, very close to the community of Santa Barbara, in the district of Huachocolpa. The confrontation resulted in the death of around 45 …
On January 10, 1985, four subversives assassinated two Republican guards who were guarding a high-voltage tower in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima. This attack was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's strategy of attacking electrical infrastructure and eliminating members of the forces of law and order. The attack …
On January 25, 1985, the first assault on a police post in the region took place in San Sebastian, near the city of Cusco. This attack marked the beginning of the violent actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the forces of law and order in the department of Cusco. Two …
On January 29, 1985, approximately 40 people attacked the Civil Guard post in Orurillo, province of Melgar, department of Puno. This attack was part of the actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Puno region during the period of expanding violence. The attack on Orurillo took place in the context …
In February 1985, a sergeant of the Republican Guard was murdered in Chiaraje, located in the highlands of Canas, department of Cusco. This assassination occurred in the context of the expansion of PCP-Sendero Luminoso violence into the southern Andes. The event occurred shortly after the first assault on a police …
On February 18, 1985, an armed confrontation took place in the area of Pichari, province of La Convención, department of Cuzco. As a result of the combat, 13 PCP-Sendero Luminoso terrorists were killed. Four civilian guards were also wounded in the confrontation. This event was part of the period of …
During April and May 1985, an armed incursion took place in the communities of Accocharcas and Hatumpampa. The event involved both the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the forces of law and order. As a result of this incursion, seven community members lost their lives. This event was part of the context …
Between April 11 and 15, 1985, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out several actions in the province of Azángaro, department of Puno. The actions took place in several localities including Azángaro, Arapa and San Juan de Salinas. This period corresponds to the phase of expansion of violence in the department of …
On Sunday, April 14, 1985, the day of the presidential elections, one hundred villagers from San Juan Baños de Rabí traveled to Yanahuanca to exercise their right to vote. This act represented a demonstration of direct resistance against the subversive incursions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The villagers put to flight …
On April 19, 1985, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an assault against the Civil Guard detachment in Urcos, Quispicanchi province. This attack was part of the first phase of real violence in the Cuzco region, which began with the harassment and attack on rural and urban police posts. The assault …
Luis Alberto Aguilar Cajahuamán was a professor, APRA militant and professor at the Daniel Alcides Carrión National University. He had been elected Deputy in the elections of April 14, 1985. In May 1985 he was assassinated by a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. His assassination precipitated the decision of the …
In July 1985, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the Sol Naciente farm, located in the district of Ayna, province of La Mar. During this incursion, the Shining Path guerrillas assassinated local villagers. The attack resulted in the death of 5 people. This event occurred in the context of the …
In August 1985, 15 villagers were murdered in the town of Huarcatan. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of the internal armed conflict in the Ayacucho region, during a period in which both the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the forces of law and order and the peasant patrols …
In August 1985, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso declared the provinces of Melgar, Azángaro and Huancané as 'red zones', although according to the CVR report the reality was quite different from this declaration. This period was characterized by the actions of the PCP-SL, which included dynamite theft, dynamiting bridges, knocking down high …
In November 1985, the Caudalosa Grande mine in Castrovirreyna province was attacked by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The Shining Path dynamited part of the mining facilities and beat and threatened the superintendents to force them to hand over dynamite and explosive guides. This attack was part of a broader PCP-SL strategy …
Civil Guard Demetrio Cano Garibay was killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso while he was working outside a bank agency in the district of San Martin de Porres. Two armed men got out of a vehicle and shot him at point-blank range and then sped away.
On December 6, 1985, the ronderos of Totora confronted the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This confrontation occurred in the context of a series of Shining Path actions in the Vilcabamba area during November 1985, when the PCP-SL had restarted its actions by taking over several villages and recruiting youths between 10 and …
On December 21, 1985, a collective murder took place in the community of Irquis, district of Sivia, perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This event occurred in the context of the violence in the Apurimac River Valley, during the period when the Shining Path was in retreat in the face of …
On December 22, 1985, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the facilities of the SAIS (Sociedad Agraria de Interés Social) Túpac Amaru. During the subversive incursion, they burned seven vehicles and set fire to the SAIS facilities. This attack was part of a systematic campaign by the PCP-SL against the …
In 1986, journalist Luis Morales Ortega received a death threat from the PCP-Sendero Luminoso urging him to disseminate a communiqué announcing upcoming 'executions' against six people considered 'undesirable'. The letter ended by threatening him: 'if you don't listen, you will be number 6'. The communiqué was signed by the 'SL …
In 1986, armed confrontations took place in the former Cochabamba farm, which was part of the SAIS Tahuantinsuyo in the province of Sánchez Carrión (Huamachuco). This event is framed in the context of the violence generated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region, where the Agricultural Societies of Social Interest …
The affiant's daughter-in-law was forced to move with her husband by a group of hikers. The woman said she did not want to leave and threatened to denounce them. Then they grabbed her and raped her. Then they cut off her breasts, shot her and she fell dead. The victim's …
From 1986-1988, the internal armed conflict in Peru took on a relatively more national character, expanding beyond the department of Ayacucho where it had been practically confined between 1982 and 1985. This period marked a new phase of the conflict characterized by the expansion of the actions of the PCP-Sendero …
At the beginning of 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso managed to remove the police posts in the province of Azángaro, Puno. This event occurred after the PCP-SL declared the provinces of Melgar, Azángaro and Huancané as "red zones" in August 1985. The situation of the internal armed conflict in this area …
On January 10, 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an attack against the Agricultural Societies of Social Interest (SAIS) San José and Illari in the department of Puno. Five people were killed in this attack. This attack was part of a wider offensive by the PCP-SL in Puno that continued …
Adán Castillo Vega, former president of the Student Federation of the University of the Altiplano, died when the dynamite he was carrying to carry out an attack in the city of Puno exploded. The incident occurred in the context of the actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the department of …
Between February and April 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a series of assassinations in various communities in the province of Aymaraes. These violent actions marked the first continuous violent actions of the PCP-SL in the Apurimac region. In the following months until July, the attacks and confrontations extended to …
In February 1986, a strike of Centromín Perú workers was called and lasted until March of that year. This strike took place in a context of union division, when the APRA mining leaders had formed the FETIMMAP in August 1985 to compete with the FNTMMSP. The strike represented a test …
Peruvian Army Health Lieutenant Colonel José Farro was killed in the district of Comas. Twenty-one dynamite cartridges were found in his vehicle. This assassination was part of the series of selective annihilations that the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out against members of the armed forces in Lima during 1986.
President Alan Garcia Perez gave a message to the nation on February 7, 1986. This message took place in a context of widespread political violence, with actions by both the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the MRTA. The presidential message was one of the outstanding political events of 1986, according to the …
From February 9 to 14, 1986, the Third Central Committee of the MRTA (Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement) was held. This event represented a meeting of the leadership of this subversive organization to define strategies and political lines. The CVR Report document briefly mentions this event in the context of the …
Avelino Zamora, a member of the Republican Guard, was killed as part of the selective annihilations that the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out against members of the forces of law and order in Lima during 1986.
Lieutenant Commander AP Jorge Alzamora Bustamante was murdered in his car in front of his home in the district of Pueblo Libre by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of their strategy of selective annihilations.
Air Force Captain Jorge Alzamora was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of their strategy of selective annihilations against members of the armed forces in Lima.
Alberto Burgos, an agent of the Peruvian Investigative Police who worked in the Directorate against Terrorism (DIRCOTE), was killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of its campaign of selective annihilations against members of the forces of law and order.
Members of the Civil Guard Edgar Vizcarra and Gilberto Aspajo were killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso on their way to work. This double murder was part of the strategy of selective annihilations against the forces of law and order.
Members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated Rear Admiral Carlos Ponce Canessa as he was leaving his home in Jr. Jiménez Pacheco No. 157. The hikers, made up of three men and two women from the special detachment, had been following the victim closely. They shot him with a machine gun …
Carlos Ponce Canessa, a distinguished officer of the Peruvian Navy, was assassinated by members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso on 5 May 1986 in the district of Magdalena, Lima. This event was part of a series of selective assassinations initiated by the PCP-SL in 1986, targeting political, military, police, and civilian …
In June 1986, inmates accused of terrorism and belonging to the PCP-Sendero Luminoso staged riots in the prisons of Lurigancho, Santa Bárbara del Callao, and the island of Frontón. The prisoners took control of the facilities, captured weapons, and held hostages, aiming to discredit the government of President Alan García. …
In 1986 there was a prisoner riot in Lima prisons that resulted in multiple deaths. The report specifically mentions that five people from the Chungui area died during this riot. This event occurred in the context of the Peruvian internal armed conflict, when many accused of belonging to the PCP-Sendero …
On June 3, 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso burned the SAIS Union headquarters in Azángaro and distributed the cattle among the population. This attack was part of a systematic campaign by the PCP-SL against the associative companies created by the agrarian reform, which they considered an expression of a semi-feudal society …
On June 17, 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated 7 people who were taken to the Wakauta farm, belonging to the Kunurama Rural Social Property Company (ERPS). This event occurred in the context of a PCP-SL offensive in Puno that had begun in May 1986, which included multiple attacks against the …
In June 1986, inmates accused of terrorism of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso rioted and took control of wards in Lurigancho and El Frontón prisons. Between June 18 and 19, operations were carried out to retake control. The official toll was 124 inmates dead in Lurigancho and 119 in El Frontón. There …
Combined forces detained about 150 people in Nuñoa between June 19 and July 12, 1986. Of the detainees, 88 people were transferred to Ayaviri. Some of the detainees died during or after the transfer. These detentions occurred in the context of the intensification of PCP-Sendero Luminoso actions in the Puno …
During the first half of 1986, in the province of La Convención there were multiple attacks and assassinations perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. On June 22, 1986, specific attacks were registered in Totora and Vilcabamba. These attacks were part of a series of violent actions that included the murder of …
On June 28, 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated a councilman and a leader in Layo, province of Canas, department of Cuzco. This event was part of the period of expansion of violence in the southern Andes, when the Shining Path intensified its actions against local authorities and leaders in the …
On June 28, 1986, in the district of Layo, province of Canas, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out selective assassinations against local authorities. A municipal councilman and a local leader were assassinated as part of the Shining Path's strategy of eliminating authorities and state representatives in the high provinces of Cuzco. …
In July 1986, mass graves were discovered in Ayahuanco. This discovery occurred in the context of the intensification of the internal armed conflict in the Ayacucho region. The discovery of these mass graves is evidence of the magnitude of the violence that affected the area during the period of the …
In July 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated authorities in the district of Sarhua, province of Victor Fajardo. This event was part of the Shining Path's strategy of eliminating local authorities who opposed or did not collaborate with their political-military project. The assassination of authorities was a central tactic of the …
Navy non-commissioned officer Juan Asto was killed in Comas by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of their campaign of selective annihilations against members of the armed forces in Lima during 1986.
On July 7, 1986, the first confrontation between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the army took place in the department of Apurimac, specifically in Soccos, Aymaraes province. This event marked an important milestone in the escalation of the internal armed conflict in the Apurimac region. Four days later, on July 11, …
On July 11, 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out its first attack on a police post in the province of Aymaraes, Apurimac. This attack occurred in Chucapuente, a few days after the first confrontation between the PCP-SL and the army in Soccos on July 7 of the same year. This …
On July 27, 1986, Lieutenant Governor Hermógenes Huellca was assassinated in the department of Cuzco. This event occurred during the period of expanding violence in the southern Andes (1984-1988), when the PCP-Sendero Luminoso intensified its actions against local authorities and state representatives. Huellca's assassination was part of a systematic strategy …
On the night of August 21, 1986, a detachment of the PCP-SL tried to take the town of Uchiza. The population confronted the subversive detachment, forcing it to retreat. This failed attempt to take the town occurred in the context of the growing presence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the …
On August 26, 1986, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso gathered the population of the hamlet of Paraíso and several of the surrounding sectors to publicly execute two unknown men. According to the Shining Path, these men were thieves and therefore deserved to die. This event was part of the PCP-SL's …
Republican Guard Eduardo Bonilla Ramos was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso as part of a series of selective annihilations against members of the forces of law and order in Lima during 1986.
On September 19, 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the SAIS Huayna Capac in Muñani. This attack was part of a series of violent actions carried out between September 18 and 21, 1986 in the province of Azángaro. During these days, the PCP-SL also kidnapped 20 peasant delegates in Azángaro, assassinated …
In October 1986, the military killed 13 villagers in the towns of Pomatambo and Parcco Alto in the province of Vilcashuamán. This event occurred in the context of the military counteroffensive against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region. The event took place during the period of intensification of the internal …
In October 1986, a Shining Path commando mortally wounded Vice Admiral Geronimo Cafferata, former Commander General of the Navy. This assassination was part of the PCP-SL's campaign of selective annihilations against authorities and government officials.
On December 15, 1986, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the San Rafael mine located in the district of Antauta, department of Puno. During the attack, the subversives murdered 3 engineers working in the mine. In addition to the murder of the workers, the attackers stole boxes of dynamite from the mining …
On December 20, 1986, an armed confrontation took place in Chaccocunca, district of Azángaro, department of Puno, between State forces and militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The confrontation resulted in the death of 10 hikers. This event was part of the period of expanding violence in the department of Puno, …
Sergeant Francisco Santos Juscamayta Alejos (32 years old) boarded an urban transport vehicle after finishing his work. Three people of peasant appearance with a white sack and a woman got on with him. When the minibus arrived at the El Tambo sector, the assassins opened his sack, took out firearms, …
In the last months of 1987, the smaller and more remote hamlets, located southeast of the plateau in the area of the Cahuide SAIS in Junín, began to be victims of looting perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The looting included food and horses, as well as forced recruitment of villagers. …
In 1987, the Peruvian government implemented a significant change in its counter-subversive policy, shifting from a strategy of indiscriminate repression to one aimed at recovering the civilian population from the hands of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This change materialized with the arrival of Major Miguel Seminario Ayacuchano, who was appointed head …
In 1987, in the town of Hualay, province of Huamachuco (Sánchez Carrión), a group of PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants executed the president of the Rondas Campesinas, his wife and the Lieutenant Governor. This attack was part of the Shining Path's strategy to harass and eliminate local authorities and leaders who opposed …
In 1987, there was an attack by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the police post in the district of Gorgor, in the province of Cajatambo. The attack resulted in two fatalities, policemen Medina and Davila. This attack was part of the expansion of the operations of the PCP-SL's main force bases …
Janio García Herbozo was executed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the main square of the town of Gorgor, Cajatambo province. Prior to his execution, he was subjected to a "popular trial" where he was accused of extorting money from the inhabitants of Cochas. This murder was part of a series …
Beginning in 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began to establish a more organic presence in Villa El Salvador, after an initial period (1981-1986) of relatively small armed incursions against government entities, the police station, banks and electricity pylons. This new phase represented a strategic shift towards a more structured and permanent …
In 1987, police raids began in Huaycán, during which nearly 300 villagers were detained in two successive raids. These operations were part of the State's response to the presence and infiltration of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Huaycán Project. The raids continued intermittently until March and April 1991. Later, in …
From 1987 onwards, there was an upsurge in violence that reached another peak in 1989 and remained at relatively high levels until 1992. This new escalation was provoked by the expansion of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's actions into new regional scenarios, in what they called the 'leap to strategic balance'. The …
In 1987, violence in the Peruvian internal armed conflict began to escalate again, after a period of decline that reached its lowest point in 1986. This new period of escalation reached a peak in 1989 and remained at relatively high levels until 1992, the year of Abimael Guzmán's capture. Although …
Between January and April 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began a campaign of sabotage against factories in Lima, marking the beginning of a new phase in its urban strategy. These first sabotages were claimed by El Diario, a press organ linked to the PCP-SL, pointing them out as the beginning of …
In 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso made its appearance in the mining settlement of Morococha. The Morococha unions were dominated by the 'Pukallacta' group, a radical faction of Patria Roja, with which the Shining Path would appear that year. It is considered possible that some Shining Path militants who had been …
César López Silva, national leader of the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP), was assassinated in front of his home on January 30, 1987. This assassination took place in the context of an escalation of political violence in Metropolitan Lima, where the PCP-Sendero Luminoso intensified its actions against political leaders and civil …
On January 30, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked several police posts and communities in the province of Canas, department of Cuzco. This attack was part of a series of violent actions that the subversive group carried out in the high provinces of the department during the period of expanding violence. …
César López Silva, a prominent political leader and President of the Federación Médica del Perú, was assassinated by members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Lima on January 30, 1987. López Silva was a member of the Partido Aprista Peruano and held significant influence as a charismatic leader with a promising …
On February 5, 1987, approximately 60 elements of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the police post of Checca and Quehue in the province of Canas, Cuzco. During the attack, the subversives stole ammunition, two weapons and set fire to the police station. The civil guards pursued the attackers and an armed …
On February 7, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Pomacanchis police post in the province of Acomayo, department of Cuzco. This attack was part of the expansion of violence in the provinces of the department of Cuzco during the period 1984-1988. The province of Acomayo had begun to become an …
On February 26, 1987, several high-tension towers fell in the district of Pilcomayo, province of Huancayo. This attack was perpetrated by PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants as part of their strategy of sabotaging the electrical infrastructure. The attack caused one of the innumerable blackouts suffered by the city of Huancayo during that …
In March 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso dynamited the Civil Guard post of Luchubamba, in the district of Sitacocha, Cajabamba province. The attack resulted in the death of a policeman and one of the Shining Path attackers. Later, in October of the same year, a group of fifteen hikers entered Luchubamba …
In April 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso suffered a hard blow with the fall of its main column in the province of Azángaro, department of Puno. This event represented a significant setback for the subversive organization in the Puno highlands region. The fall of this column occurred in a context where …
The Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) made its appearance in the department of Puno in April 1987, with propaganda and sabotage actions in the cities of Puno and Juliaca. The first recorded attack was on April 13, 1987 against the premises of the Puno Credit Bank, marking the beginning of …
On April 8, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated the mayor of San Juan de Salinas, Zenobio Huarzaya, who was a militant of Izquierda Unida (IU). This assassination took place in the context of a systematic campaign by the PCP-SL against local political authorities in the department of Puno. San Juan …
Zenobio Huarsaya Soncco, district mayor of Izquierda Unida (IU) of San Juan de Salinas in the province of Azángaro, Puno, was murdered in the Plaza de Armas of his town. The crime was perpetrated by a group of members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso made up of eight men and three …
On April 13, 1987, the MRTA-MIR (Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru - Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria) made its first public appearance in the department of Puno with an attack against the premises of the Banco de Crédito. This event marked the beginning of MRTA operations in the Puno region, differentiating it …
On April 19, 1987, a military convoy was ambushed on its way to the district of Huachocolpa in the province of Huancavelica. The attack was perpetrated by a column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. As a result of this armed action, ten military personnel and four civilians were killed. This was …
Juan Berrospi, president of Cooperación Popular, was assassinated by PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants in the city of Huancayo in May 1987. This assassination was part of a campaign of 'selective annihilations' that increased since January 1987, targeting public officials, members of the security forces and local authorities. Berrospi's murder occurred in …
On May 7, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Civil Guard police post in Urubamba, province of the department of Cuzco. This attack was part of a series of violent actions that the PCP-SL carried out against police posts in the provinces of Cuzco during the period of expanding violence …
Félix Ortega, who was president of the Junín Development Corporation, was assassinated on May 8, 1987 in the city of Huancayo. His death was part of a series of "selective annihilations" carried out by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against public officials and members of the forces of law and order in …
On May 25, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Pisac police post in the province of Cuzco. During the attack, Civil Guard Jaime Quispe was killed. This attack took place in the context of a series of PCP-SL offensives against various police posts in the high provinces of Cuzco during …
On May 31, 1987, a detachment of approximately 200 PCP-Sendero Luminoso subversives attacked the Uchiza police post. The attack resulted in the death of six policemen. This was the second attempt to take the town of Uchiza, after a first failed attack in August 1986 when the population confronted the …
On June 8, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Paucartambo police post in the province of the same name in the department of Cuzco. This attack was part of a series of PCP-SL raids against various police posts in the upper provinces of Cuzco during June 1987. The attack took …
On June 16, 1987, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated the APRA provincial mayor of Picota, Rafael Saavedra Saavedra. This assassination was part of the selective annihilation strategy of the PCP-SL against local political authorities, especially those linked to the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP). The crime occurred in the context …
In July 1987, five community members were murdered in Putis, a locality in the district of San José de Santillana in the province of Huanta. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of the internal armed conflict in the region, during a period of relative calm between 1985 …
On August 23, 1987, in the hamlet of El Montón, Cachachi district, Cajabamba province, a column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso executed four people. The victims were the Lieutenant Governor, the former Justice of the Peace, a local worker and his son. During the raid, the Shining Path also shaved a …
A month after Rodrigo Franco's assassination, in August 1987, another APRA leader, Nelson Pozo, national undersecretary of organization of the PAP, was killed by the Shining Path as part of the campaign of selective annihilations against APRA cadres.
On August 7, 1987, in the community of Santa Barbara, district and province of Huancavelica, ten villagers were murdered by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The victims were accused of being "snitches" or informants for the police. This event took place during the period of withdrawal and new subversive offensive …
On August 9, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated the prefect of Abancay, Víctor Urbiola Valer, who was a militant of the Peruvian Aprista Party. This assassination took place in the context of the victory of the PAP in the general and municipal elections, after which the authorities of this party …
On August 29, 1987, a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Civil Guard headquarters and an army barracks in the very center of the city of Cuzco. This attack demonstrated the confidence in their forces that the PCP-SL had at the time. The attack was part of a series …
On August 29, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an attack against the Cuzco barracks. This attack was part of a series of violent actions that the subversive group carried out in the city of Cuzco during this period, which included attacks against public and private premises, takeovers of radio …
On September 10, 1987, a police station located in the Chilca District Council, in the heart of the city of Huancayo, was attacked with high explosives by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The attack caused extensive damage to the police facilities. This attack took place in the context of a …
On September 12, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the police post in Chuquibambilla, capital of the province of Grau in Apurimac. This attack was part of an escalation of violence in the department during 1987, a period in which the authorities of the Peruvian Aprista Party became the focus of …
In response to escalating violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, the province of Aymaraes in Apurímac, Peru, was declared in a state of emergency on September 23, 1987. This was due to a series of violent acts, including the destruction of infrastructure and selective assassinations by the group. The state of …
Tomás Irigoyen, manager of CITECIL, was murdered on October 1, 1987. The assassination occurred in the context of a strike that had been going on at the factory for a month. This crime was part of a PCP-Sendero Luminoso practice of assassinating officials as a way of resolving labor conflicts. …
Nelson Pozo Calva, undersecretary of organization of the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP), was assassinated on October 1, 1987. This assassination took place in the context of a series of selective attacks against APRA political leaders in Metropolitan Lima. The crime was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's strategy of eliminating political …
On October 16, 1987, a group of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered the village of Chinche Tingo, where three recently elected local authorities were assassinated. This attack occurred in a context in which, after the decline of subversive actions in the highlands since 1987, the villagers had once again elected their …
On November 11, 1987, in the community of Lachocc in the district of Acobambilla, province of Huancavelica, a local woman was murdered by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The victim was accused of being a "snitch" or informer for the police. This murder took place in the context of a …
A group of hikers murdered Luis Capcha, administrator of the Laive Production Unit of SAIS Cahuide, hanging him in his own office. First they subjected him to a kind of 'popular trial' where some of the sanctioned workers complained. Witnesses indicated that 'the engineer was not abusive and respected labor …
On December 25, 1987, under the command of Major Miguel Seminario Ayacuchano, Chapi was repopulated and renamed Belén de Chapi in commemoration of the Christmas holiday. Major Ayacuchano, who was appointed as head of the Chapi base between October and December 1987, changed the army's attitude towards the civilian population, …
On December 31, 1987, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso blew up 30 high-voltage towers of the Mantaro interconnected system. This attack was part of the Shining Path's strategy of sabotaging the country's electrical infrastructure, seeking to generate massive blackouts and demonstrate the subversive group's capacity for action. The attack on the Mantaro …
In 1988, an Army counter-subversive base was installed in the district of Santa Ana de Tusi, province of Daniel Alcides Carrión, department of Pasco. This military installation was part of the Peruvian State's counter-subversive strategy to combat the presence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region. The presence of this …
In 1988, PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants assassinated the leaders of the Ninacaca Communal Cooperative. During this raid, in addition to the assassination of the leaders, some animals were slaughtered to supply the PCP-SL militants, while others were distributed among the villagers. The presence of PCP-SL militants in Ninacaca and the neighboring …
During 1988 there was a sharp increase in law enforcement casualties, with a total of 141 fatalities (102 from the Armed Forces and 39 from the Police Forces), representing 8.4% of the total casualties during the entire conflict. This increase coincided with the period of the so-called 'jump to strategic …
From 1986-1988, the internal armed conflict in Peru acquired a relatively more national character, expanding beyond its initial epicenter in Ayacucho. This expansion coincided with the 'leap to strategic balance' undertaken by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and a refinement of the State's counter-subversive strategy. Between 1989 and 1991, the central region, …
Around 1988, another cycle of intense violence was unleashed in the new scenarios where the Shining Path had expanded its operations. The magnitude of the crimes and violations can be explained by similar causes to the first cycle. However, in this period the resistance of the population, its authorities and …
In 1988, the first MRTA (Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru) incursions were recorded in the Caco and Sheshea ravines in the Ucayali region. This MRTA presence preceded the arrival of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Ucayali River, which occurred between the end of 1989 and the beginning of 1990. The MRTA …
In the first months of 1988, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso approached the inhabitants of Morococha in a friendly and non-violent manner, seeking to recruit them as supporters of their organization. The Shining Path members visited stores and homes, such as that of one family where they tried to convince …
In 1988, in the locality of El Collpín, province of Santiago de Chuco, the Peruvian Army allegedly killed several peasants. This event occurred in the context of the counter-subversive offensive in the northern region of the department of Lima and southern Ancash, where the military forces were responding to the …
In 1988, in the town of Colca, Raquia district, Cajatambo province, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso executed two people accused of cattle rustling. This type of killing of people considered 'undesirable' or 'antisocial behavior' was part of the Shining Path's strategy to establish its presence in rural communities through acts of 'popular …
Abraham Victorio Herrera, known as 'Trucha', was executed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the locality of Tuntur-Tocanca, in the province of Cajatambo. This assassination occurred in the context of the expansion of the PCP-SL's main force base operations in the highlands north of Lima. The increase in violence in 1988 …
In 1988, the Maza brothers were murdered in the town of Nunumia by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. They were accused of cattle rustling by the subversive organization. This murder was part of a series of executions of people considered 'undesirable' or of 'anti-social behavior' that the PCP-SL carried out in the …
From 1988-1989 onwards, there was a significant differentiation in the social universes in which the main actors in the Peruvian internal armed conflict operated. While the victims of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso continued to come basically from the rural and Quechua-speaking world, the victims caused by State agents began to be …
In 1988, a column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the town of Haquira, killing two locals, two French cooperants, and a Peruvian technician working with the NGO CICDA. Over the following months, the group terrorized the provinces of Cotabambas and Chumbivilcas, leading to the murder of local leaders and causing …
On January 10, 1988, an armed confrontation took place in Qachiqasa, in the district of Chungui. This confrontation left 21 people dead. The event occurred in the context of military operations and confrontations between law enforcement and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the area. This event occurred shortly after the Chapi …
On January 18, 1988, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered four Banco Agrario workers on the road between Huahuapuquio and Cangallo. The victims were identified as René Cárdenas, José Medina, Luis Cabrera and Eliseo Flores. This attack was part of the Shining Path strategy of attacking State representatives and public officials in …
During the meeting of the national strike called jointly by the CGTP (left) and the CTP (aprista) on January 28, 1988, a violent confrontation took place between militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and demonstrators of the CGTP and Izquierda Unida in Lima's Plaza 2 de Mayo. This national strike had …
During the national strike called by the CGTP on January 28, 1988, hooded members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso infiltrated the march that was taking place in the Dos de Mayo square. Their objective was to try to dynamite the CGTP premises and assassinate the leader of the Communist Party of …
On February 18, 1988, in the town of Lachocc, province of Huancavelica, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked an army support group. In the attack, 9 military personnel and 2 civilians who were part of the support group were killed. This event took place in the context of the intensification …
On February 18, 1988, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an ambush in the town of Lachocc, district of Acobambilla, province of Huancavelica. Nine soldiers and two civilians lost their lives in this attack. This action was part of the PCP-SL offensive in 1988, when the subversive organization had …
On February 24, 1988, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the 10th Police Command located in the city of Huancavelica. This attack was part of a series of large-scale military actions carried out by the PCP-SL during 1988, when the subversive organization had managed to recompose and reorganize its forces, …
A group of 14 hikers entered the community of Yavina forcing the population to gather. The hikers beat and killed the President of the community José Aroni Alvis, cut his neck and smashed his head with a stone. They also assassinated 5 other people in the presence of the assembled …
In April 1988, a group of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso that was confused among striking workers assassinated the manager of the Hilados S.A. factory. The murder occurred in the context of a labor conflict in the company. Days after the crime, on April 12, El Diario, spokesman of the PCP-SL, pointed …
On April 11, 1988, businessman Brancko Pejnovil Baigm, owner of the Hilados S.A. textile factory, was assassinated in Lima. This assassination was part of the selective annihilation strategy implemented by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso during the transition period towards the "encirclement of the city". The attack is part of the context …
On April 11, 1988, the industrial community and the unions of workers and employees of the COPE factory formed a united front and took over the factory in response to the employers' refusal to negotiate their demands. The takeover occurred in the context of a labor conflict and the infiltration …
In May 1988, Pope John Paul II made his second visit to Lima. On the occasion of this papal visit, there was a significant increase in violence in the Peruvian capital. Shortly before the arrival of the pontiff, security forces defused a car bomb that had been placed near Air …
In May 1988, on the occasion of Pope John Paul II's second visit to Lima, there was an increase in violence in the Peruvian capital. Shortly before the papal visit, security forces managed to defuse a car bomb that had been placed near Air Base No. 8. This incident was …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso summoned some 100 delegates from various trade union bases from the eastern cone of Lima to participate in the so-called First Plenary of Classist Workers of the Central Highway. At this event, the Comité de Lucha de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas de la carretera Central (CLOTCCC) was …
In May 1988, a military patrol confronted a group of hikers in the town of Pucurhuay. In the crossfire, a 2-year-old boy, a 14-year-old boy, and a local collaborator of the subversives were killed. After this confrontation, within a few days the villagers formed the Civil Defense Committee (CDC) of …
On May 5, 1988, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an armed raid on the SAIS Picotani, located in Crucero, province of Sandia, department of Puno. During the attack, the subversives killed 6 civilian guards and the local justice of the peace. As a consequence of this attack, the teacher and …
On May 5, 1988, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the SAIS Picotani located in Crucero, Sandia province. During the attack, the Shining Path guerrillas destroyed the facilities of the associative enterprise. The attack resulted in the murder of six police officers and the local justice of the peace. Subsequently, teacher and …
On May 13, 1988, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso ambushed a military convoy in Erusco, near Cayara. Four members of the armed forces were killed in the attack: a captain, two corporals and a sergeant. This attack took place in the context of a new offensive by the PCP-SL in search of …
The Comité de Lucha de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas de la Carretera Central (CLOTCCC) published its founding manifesto in a full-page article in the newspaper El Diario. This committee was formed in May 1988 after a plenary meeting of approximately 100 delegates from various trade union bases from the eastern …
Carmen Rosa Cusquén, a lawyer, was assassinated on June 1, 1988 at the Loayza Hospital in Lima. This assassination took place in the context of the escalation of violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Peruvian capital, during the period of transition to the encirclement of the city (1985-1988). The …
On June 13, 1988, the province of Cotabambas in the department of Apurimac was declared an emergency zone for 30 days. This measure was taken in the context of the increase of PCP-Sendero Luminoso actions in the region. The declaration of emergency was part of the government's strategy to confront …
On June 26, 1988, the mayor of San Juan de Salinas, Jaime Centeno Jove, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This crime occurred in the context of a systematic campaign of selective assassinations against local authorities in the department of Puno. San Juan de Salinas was a district in the …
On July 2, 1988, nursing student Magnolia Zuñiga was murdered in the city of Cuzco. This crime occurred in the context of the escalation of violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region, during a period in which the subversive group was intensifying its actions against various sectors of the …
Walter Huayllani, a student and leader of the Communist Party of the San Antonio Abad del Cuzco National University (UNSAAC), was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This crime took place in the context of the struggle for political control of the university, where various subversive forces were trying to control …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called for an armed strike that lasted from July 18 to 22, 1988. This armed strike was carried out parallel to the national strike called by the CGTP (General Confederation of Peruvian Workers) scheduled for July 19 and 20. The armed strike was part of the actions …
On July 24, 1988, the newspaper El Diario published an extensive interview with Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, top leader of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The interview was published in a special supplement called the 'Interview of the Century'. This publication occurred during the second session of the First Congress of the PCP-SL, …
On August 9, 1988, the grave of Edith Lagos Saenz was destroyed. Flyers of the Rodrigo Franco Commando, a paramilitary group that claimed responsibility for the action, were found at the site. This act was part of a series of violent actions perpetrated by this commando against symbols and people …
On August 19, 1988, Luis Arce Borja, director of the newspaper El Diario, denounced the seizure of 100,000 copies of the special edition containing an interview with Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, leader of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This interview had been published on July 24, 1988 in a supplement called the 'Interview …
In September 1988, PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants ambushed an army patrol in the town of Chonta, in Laria, Huancavelica province. The attack resulted in the death of one officer and six soldiers, while fourteen other military personnel were wounded. This ambush was part of the 1988 Shining Path offensive, when the …
On September 17, 1988, several explosions occurred in the city of Churcampa. These explosions were claimed by the Rodrigo Franco Command (CRF). This event took place in the context of the new offensive implemented by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso since 1988 in the Huancavelica region. Subsequently, on November 30 of the …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called a second armed strike through the Popular Revolutionary Democratic Movement (MRDP) on September 27, 28 and 29, 1988, with the specific objective of boycotting the municipal elections scheduled for that month. This armed strike was part of an ascending sequence of actions that the PCP-SL implemented …
In October 1988, a subversive column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered the town of Puyhuán and killed 15 villagers. This attack occurred after two years of relative tranquility in the area, when the Shining Path restarted their actions in the province of Angaraes, taking advantage of the withdrawal of the …
On October 17, 1988, the day the national mining strike called by the Federation of Miners, Metallurgists and Steelworkers of Peru (FNTMMSP) began, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated Alejandro Patiño, former leader of the Morococha union. Patiño was an aprista (member of the PAP, the ruling party at the time) and …
Alejandro Patiño, former leader of the Morococha Mine Workers Union (STMM) and an APRA militant, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso on October 17, 1988. This assassination took place in the context of important mobilizations and strikes of mining workers demanding the recognition of the single national miners' list proposed …
On October 17, 1988, an indefinite national strike of mining and metallurgical workers began in Peru. This strike took place in a context of political violence in which the PCP-Sendero Luminoso had assassinated mining leaders who opposed the strikes, such as Fidencio Coronel in La Oroya and Alejandro Patiño Flores …
On November 7, 1988, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the San Ildefonso Prison in the city of Abancay, capital of the department of Apurimac. This attack was an attempt to repeat the successful assault on the Ayacucho prison carried out in 1982. The attack took place in a context of increased …
On November 11, 1988, César Valentín Palomino, provincial mayor of Huancayo, was assassinated. This crime took place in a context of intensifying political violence in the department of Junin, where both the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the MRTA were active. The assassination of democratically elected authorities was a recurrent tactic of …
On December 6, 1988, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered three aid workers from the International Cooperation Center for Agricultural Development (CICDA) in the district of Haquira, province of Cotabambas, Apurimac. The victims were two French aid workers and a Peruvian, as well as two other people. This attack was part of …
A group of hooded and armed hikers arrived in the community of Picutane. They gathered several villagers, locked them in a house and subjected them to torture. Then they selected some of the abductees, among them the community president, the lieutenant governor and a leader of the ronderos, and took …
In the early morning of December 25, 1988, three towers of the cable rail system that transported tungsten from San Cristobal to Marth Túnel were dynamited. This attack was part of a series of attacks against Centromín Perú's facilities that occurred during the last days of December 1988. The attacks …
On December 29, 1988, the Day for Peace was held, an event organized by the Municipality of Lima. This day took place in a context of intense political violence in the country, marked by the actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the MRTA, as well as by the government's response …
On December 30, 1988, at 11:25 pm, three explosions blew up the 1.80 meter diameter pipe that fed water to the La Oroya hydroelectric plant. This attack was part of a series of attacks against Centromín Perú facilities during the 1988 Christmas season. The attacks occurred in the context of …
On December 31, 1988, at 10:40 pm, three diesel electric locomotives belonging to Centromín Perú were destroyed. This attack was part of a series of violent actions carried out during the 1988 Christmas season against installations of the state mining company. The attacks occurred in the context of labor conflicts …
Elías Corcuera was a union leader of the United Left (IU) assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in San Martín de Porres during 1989. His assassination took place in the context of a Shining Path strategy of shifting from sabotage to selective assassinations, moving from infiltration of union and neighborhood organizations …
The witness's sister was sexually assaulted by two subversives in 1989. When the first one finished, the other abused her in the same way. Then they left her and fed her some cookies, threatening to disappear her if she told her family. The victim began to bleed, did not scream …
1989 was the year with the highest number of deaths of authorities and elected representatives in the entire conflict. It registered 68% of political authorities and 71% of municipal authorities assassinated in the entire decade. Approximately 53 provincial and district mayors were assassinated that year (33% of the total between …
Two hikers entered the declarant's house, took her to the side of a road and raped her. The incident occurred in the context of armed incursions by PCP-SL in the area.
Between the end of 1989 and the beginning of 1990, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso managed to form Organized Committees and Open Popular Committees in the villages located along the Tamaya River and on the banks of the Suaya, Butsaya and Noaya rivers. After an unsuccessful incursion in the hamlet of Iparia …
In 1989, violent confrontations took place between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and organized peasants from the communities of Chupaca and Santo Tomás de Paca in the department of Junín. These confrontations resulted in thirty community members dead in Chupaca and twenty-five community members dead in Santo Tomás de Paca. The confrontations …
In 1989, there were confrontations between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and organized peasants from the communities of Chupaca and Santo Tomás de Paca. These confrontations left twenty-five community members dead in Santo Tomás de Paca. The confrontations occurred in the context of peasant resistance against the control and demands of the …
Between 1989 and 1991, the central region, especially the department of Junín, became another of the main scenarios of the Peruvian internal armed conflict. This period marked the expansion of the conflict into new territories, acquiring a more national character after being concentrated mainly in Ayacucho. The year 1989 represented …
At the end of the 1980s, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso undertook what it called the "leap to strategic balance", marking a new phase of the internal armed conflict. This strategy implied the expansion of subversive action into new regional scenarios, giving the conflict a more national character. The year 1989 represented …
During 1989, Peruvian law enforcement forces suffered 149 fatal casualties in the fight against armed subversion, representing 8.9% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire conflict. Of these casualties, 101 corresponded to the Armed Forces (mainly the Army) and 48 to the Police Forces. This year …
María Torres Urbay was president of a peasant community or association of peasants in Ayacucho. She was assassinated in 1989 during the period of political violence in Peru. Her death is part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive against social leaders, particularly women leaders of grassroots organizations. The assassination of María …
In 1989, a group of PCP-Sendero Luminoso subversives dressed as military personnel surprised the population of Huaycahuacho and assassinated Rogelio Jurado, who was a community leader. The subversives disguised themselves as military personnel to deceive the population and be able to carry out their objective. This selective assassination was part …
In 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso destroyed the Waqrani Rural Education Institute (IER), located in the department of Puno. This institute belonged to the Catholic Church and was supported by the Unified Mariateguist Party (PUM). The destruction of IER Waqrani took place in the context of the rearticulation of a new …
Raul Santiago was a leader of the United Left (IU) in the district of Independencia who was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in 1989. His assassination was part of a Shining Path strategy to attack neighborhood leaders and leftist politicians in the Northern Zone of Metropolitan Lima. This crime took …
In the framework of the announcement of the arrival of the "strategic balance" in 1989, the PCP-SL modified its strategy in several areas of the country, including Villa El Salvador (VES), seeking to dispute the hegemony of the left and to unmask the supposed uselessness of its peaceful option for …
In 1989, in the province of Bolognesi, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso set fire to a TRANVICSA bus that was traveling between Chiquián and Aquia. During the attack, the hikers murdered Isaac Carmen, who was the owner of the vehicle. The murder was in retaliation for not having complied with …
In January 1989, the Farfán Gonzáles family was murdered in Huamanga. This event occurred during a period of intense violence in the city, when both paramilitary groups linked to intelligence services and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out selective assassinations. The event took place in the context of the intensification of …
At the end of 1989 and beginning of 1990, the Army promoted the organization of villagers in counter-subversive peasant patrols in the department of Pasco. This strategy sought to counteract the presence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso by mobilizing the organized civilian population. The peasant patrols joined the expanded military presence …
In 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a 'popular trial' in the community of Nunumia, Cajatambo province, which resulted in the murder of four people. The victims were Marcelino Mendoza Davila, President of the Cochas community; Agustin Chavarria Rojas, secretary of the same community; professor Raul Chavarria Rosales; and Antonio …
On January 19, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso called and carried out the first armed strike in Lima, specifically in the area of the Central Highway. This armed strike strategically coincided with the First Congress of the United Left that was being held in Huampaní, with the political objective of competing …
In February 1989, a large group of subversives from the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the village of Canayre in Llochegua. According to testimonies, the subversives came down the river from Ene. During the attack on the village, they killed 37 people. This attack took place in the context of the violence …
In February 1989, ten peasants were killed in the community of Santa Rosa de Pachaclla. According to the CVR report, the victims were identified as presumed Shining Path members. This event occurred in the context of the expansion of political violence in the Junin region, during a period of intense …
On February 28, 1989, one of the most bloody confrontations between the Self-Defense Committees and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took place in the community of San Francisco, province of Abancay, Apurimac. This confrontation resulted in the death of 30 ronderos (members of the Self-Defense Committees). The event occurred in the context …
A group of hikers returned to the Apaicancha annex and approached a neighbor's house where he lived with his daughter and wife. They stayed there and asked for food. This family requested to kill a neighbor who lived nearby. The hikers entered the hut and when they did not find …
On March 23, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an attack against Centromín's facilities in Cerro de Pasco as part of a new attack aimed at generating conditions for an upcoming armed strike. This action cost the lives of two members of the police forces and three company employees. The …
On March 27, 1989, the police station in Uchiza was attacked by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. During the hours-long combat, the commander of the post communicated with the Army detachment in Tingo María, but no help arrived. Ten police officers and three civilians were captured, subjected to a public trial, and …
On March 27, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an attack on the Uchiza police post that resulted in the death of 10 policemen and the complete destruction of the post. The attack was supported by the people of Uchiza in combination with drug traffickers in the area. This event …
In April 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took over the facilities of the University City of the UNSAAC and embandero, as part of its strategy to control the university. This event was part of the struggle for political control of the San Antonio Abad University that increased during this period, where …
On April 7, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso dynamited a locomotive owned by Centromín in Cerro de Pasco. This attack was part of a series of violent actions against installations of the state mining company that intensified since December 1988. The attack occurred in the context of a campaign by the …
On April 12, 1989, Self-Defense Committees began to be organized in the various provinces of the department of Apurimac. This organization was part of a new counter-subversive strategy implemented by the Armed and Police Forces between 1988 and 1989, a period that saw the highest death toll of the internal …
On April 12, 1989, a group of approximately forty armed members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, led by a woman known as 'comrade Rosa', arrived in Chongos Alto, Peru. They forcibly removed local authorities from their homes, subjected them to abuse, and executed them in the town square. The attackers left …
On April 15, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso dynamited the industrial relations offices and the air pipe at the Morococha mining camp, owned by Centromín Perú. This attack was part of a series of violent actions carried out by the subversive organization against mining installations in the central region of the …
On April 19, 1989, combined Army and police forces carried out a simultaneous raid on the universities of San Marcos and La Cantuta in Lima. More than 500 students were arrested during the operation. This operation was part of the counter-subversive strategy of the APRA government in a context of …
On April 26, 1989, Benigno Ayala, secretary general of Izquierda Unida (IU) in Cangallo, Ayacucho, was assassinated. The crime occurred in a context of intense political violence in the Ayacucho region, where both the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and paramilitary groups such as the Comando Rodrigo Franco were active. This assassination was …
The Peruvian Army (EP) and the Peruvian National Police (PNP) twice raided the Universidad Nacional del Centro in the department of Junín. The interventions were carried out in search of possible subversives. The military and police action was motivated by the distribution of flyers announcing an armed strike scheduled for …
On May 6, 1989, Pablo Li Ormeño, a member of the APRA party, was assassinated in Lima, leading to the resignation of the cabinet. This assassination was part of the Shining Path's campaign of selective annihilations against authorities and representatives of the State, 1989 being the year with the highest …
On May 6, 1989, there was a confrontation between the Peruvian Army and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Tambobamba, capital of the province of Cotabambas in Apurimac. This confrontation took place in the context of a new counter-subversive strategy implemented by the Armed and Police Forces, which established Counter-Subversive Bases and …
Between May 13 and 25, 1989, the main column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a devastating campaign in the provinces of Azángaro and Melgar. On May 19, they assassinated Marcelino Pachari Roselló, provincial mayor of Azángaro and militant of the Communist Party of Peru 'Patria Roja', who was inspecting …
Between May 13 and 25, 1989, the main column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began a military campaign in the provinces of Azángaro and Melgar, in the department of Puno. This campaign was part of the PCP-SL's expansion strategy in the high provinces of the southern Andes, in a context where …
On May 16, 1989, an armed strike took place in the city of Huancavelica. This event took place in the midst of a series of strikes called in the region, days after President Alan García Pérez traveled to Huancayo to call on the population to overcome fear. The armed strike …
On Friday, May 19, 1989, a group of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated Marcelino Pachari Roselló, provincial mayor of Azángaro. The mayor was inspecting the reconstruction of the bridge that had been blown up days before by a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This assassination was part of a series of …
On May 29, 1989, lawyer Marcial Capeletti was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso while giving his course at the San Cristobal de Huamanga National University. Capeletti was one of the leaders of the then ruling Peruvian Aprista Party (APRA). This assassination took place in the context of an intensification of …
On May 31, 1989, 'El Comercio' journalist and environmentalist Barbara D'Achille, along with CORDE-Huancavelica official Esteban Bohorquez, were assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Tinyacclla, Huancavelica. This double assassination was part of the PCP-SL's 'hit list' during the 1989-1990 Shining Path offensive, a period in which the subversive group claimed …
In June 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso perpetrated a collective murder in the locality of Isccana, district of Luricocha, province of Huanta. Seven people were killed in this event. This event took place during the period of intensification of the internal armed conflict between 1988-1991, when the PCP-SL launched a new …
In June 1989, there was a confrontation between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the peasant patrols in Llochegua. The confrontation resulted in the death of 3 ronderos. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of Shining Path actions in the Apurimac River Valley between 1986 and 1989, a period …
On June 3, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a bomb attack against soldiers of the "Húsares de Junín" regiment in the district of Barrios Altos, Lima. The attack resulted in the death of seven soldiers. This attack took place in a context of intensification of subversive actions in the …
In July 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso perpetrated a collective murder of more than 20 villagers in the locality of Mutuyccocha, district of Iguain, province of Huanta. This event was part of the period of intensification of the internal armed conflict between 1988-1991, when the PCP-SL launched a new offensive after …
On July 2, 1989, nursing student Magnolia Zuñiga was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the university city of Cuzco. This murder occurred a few days before the assassination of another student, Walter Huayllani, leader of the Communist Party-Unity of the UNSAAC, who was executed on July 7. These crimes …
Walter Huayllani, student and leader of the Communist Party-Unity of the UNSAAC, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso on July 7, 1989. This assassination occurred a few days after the murder of nursing student Magnolia Zuñiga on July 2 of the same year. Both crimes were part of the Shining …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called a class-struggle armed strike on July 20, 1989 in Lima, as part of a strategy to increase its presence in the capital and force the radicalization of the trade union movement. This strike was organized through organizations such as the Comité de Lucha de Obreros y …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called a second armed strike in the Central Region for July 27, 28 and 29, 1989. This measure was carried out in the context of the third national mining strike that would begin on August 14, 1989, and was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to generate conditions …
On September 14, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided Putaqasa, part of the Sacsamarca district. During the attack, nine community members were killed and houses were set on fire. This was one of multiple attacks on this community, which had previously been razed in 1987. Subsequently, on February 10, 1989, the …
In September 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered five people in the district of Huacapon, Cajatambo province. The victims were three local authorities: Mayor Juan Lizzeti Torres, Justice of the Peace Willy Lizzetti Salazar and Lieutenant Governor Inocente Cabanillas Rosales. Along with them, two teachers were murdered: Ángeles Concepción Chávez and …
The provincial mayor of Huamanga, Fermín Azparrent Taipe, was fatally shot by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in September 1989. This assassination took place in a context of intensifying internal armed conflict between 1988 and 1991, when both intelligence agents and PCP-SL groups carried out selective assassinations in the city. The attack …
In October 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso killed 10 community members in the town of Sallalli, Vinchos district, Huamanga province. This event occurred in a context of intensification of the internal armed conflict in the region, when the PCP-SL was launching a new offensive after declaring the transition to the "strategic …
Felipe Vergara was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the town of Astobamba, near the provincial capital of Cajatambo, in October 1989. This murder was part of a systematic campaign of aggression against resistant authorities and non-sympathizing teachers in the district of Huacapón and surrounding areas of Cajatambo. The crime …
By October 1989, the people of Tulumayo were facing severe food shortages as a result of restrictions imposed by the Shining Path. The subversives had ordered the communities to plant only for self-consumption and prohibited the commercialization of products. This order was enforced due to the terror imposed by the …
In October 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso killed 12 people in the town of Huayllay, district of Luricocha, province of Huanta. This event took place in the context of the intensification of the internal armed conflict between 1988-1991, a period in which the PCP-SL launched a new offensive after declaring the …
On October 4, 1989, Hector Delgado Parker, president of TV Channel 5, was kidnapped in Lima. This kidnapping was part of the escalation of violent actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the capital during the period known as "strategic balance". The kidnapping of a high-profile media figure like Delgado Parker …
On October 10, 1989, an armed confrontation took place in the district of Antauta, province of Melgar, between law enforcement forces and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This confrontation resulted in the death of 14 Shining Path members. On the same day, another PCP-SL attack took place in the district of Ananea, …
Enrique Castilla, textile leader and member of the Central Committee of the Unified Mariateguista Party (PUM), was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso on October 31, 1989. This assassination was part of the Shining Path's strategy of selective annihilation of political and union leaders who opposed their revolutionary project. The crime …
On November 1, 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso held a march in Manco Capac Square in Lima. During the event, there was a violent confrontation with police forces. As a result of the confrontation, three people lost their lives. This event was part of the most intense period of Shining Path …
In November 1989, a military patrol visited the community of Pusacpampa in the context of opposition to the Shining Path order in the region. The military gathered the population and urged them to organize themselves into peasant patrols. This visit was part of an Army strategy to encourage opposition to …
In November 1989, five members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso were killed by Peruvian Army troops in Palmayocc, Luricocha district, Huanta province. This event occurred in the context of the intensification of the internal armed conflict between 1988-1991, a period in which there was a significant increase in confrontations in the …
Demetrio Palomino, leader of the Agrarian Federation of Ayacucho, was assassinated in November 1989. His death was perpetrated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso (PCP-SL) as part of a systematic offensive against social and union leaders in the country. The case was registered in the complaints filed with the International Labor Organization …
Two days before the armed strike called to boycott the municipal elections of November 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attempted to carry out an armed march as a form of propaganda and agitation. The march resulted in a violent confrontation with the forces of law and order that ended with three …
In November 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated 4 ronderos belonging to the Santa Rosa peasant patrol, district of Ayna, province of La Mar. This attack took place in the context of the Shining Path offensive against the Self-Defense Committees and the peasant patrols that had organized to resist their presence …
In November 1989, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered 22 peasants in the town of Paccha, Vinchos district. The victims included ronderos and local community authorities. This attack occurred in the context of the second wave of sustained confrontations between the PCP-SL and the peasant patrols that took place between 1989 and …
In November 1989, a military patrol visited the community of Pusacpampa in the context of the opposition to the Shining Path order that was developing in the highlands of Canipaco and Cunas. During this visit, the military troops gathered the local population and urged them to organize themselves into peasant …
The police carried out an unexpected and violent raid on the offices of the newspaper El Diario on November 2, 1989. During the operation, 15 workers and journalists of the newspaper were arrested. This raid took place in the context of the counter-subversive struggle, given that El Diario was considered …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called an armed strike on November 3, 1989 with the intention of boycotting the municipal elections of that day. Two days before the strike, on November 1, the PCP-SL attempted to carry out an armed march as a form of propaganda and agitation, which resulted in a …
In December 1989, a significant confrontation occurred between the Peruvian National Police and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso (PCP-SL) in Hierba Buena, a hamlet near Calluán in the province of San Marcos. The police surrounded a PCP-SL detachment meeting in a local's house, leading to an engagement where the PCP-SL suffered substantial …
On December 15, 1989, in the district of Moya, province of Huancavelica, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered a teacher and a justice of the peace. This event took place in the context of the 1989-1990 Shining Path offensive, when the PCP-SL claimed to be close to a 'strategic balance' …
Under Alberto Fujimori's government, a military base was installed in the San Juan de Jarpa district in 1990 as part of the state counter-offensive against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Canipaco valley. This installation was part of a broader military deployment that included bases in Chicche (Vista Alegre Annex) that …
In January 1990, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso perpetrated a massacre in the town of Acosvinchos, killing 48 community members. This event took place in the context of the intensification of the internal armed conflict between 1988-1991, a period in which the PCP-SL launched a new offensive after declaring the transition to …
The first stage of the counter-subversive military battle in Alto Huallaga took place between January and August 1990, during the general elections. This stage was part of a change in the counter-subversive strategy of the Peruvian Army against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The period was characterized by military operations aimed at …
A 70-year-old woman was continuously raped by terrorists. They drove her crazy because they were always raping her and doing everything to her. They even tied her to a pole and took her best rams. The case is evidence of extreme sexual violence against an elderly person.
During 1990, Peruvian law enforcement forces suffered 138 fatal casualties in the fight against armed subversion, which represents 8.2% of the total number of casualties of law enforcement forces during the entire conflict. Of these casualties, 93 corresponded to the Armed Forces (mainly the Army) and 45 to the Police …
Julio Zevallos Ruiz, production manager of the company Pesa Perú, was murdered in 1990. This assassination was part of a series of actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso targeting company officials as a way to resolve labor conflicts. Starting in 1990, this type of assassination of managers and officials became a …
Antonia Arizapana Ignacio was a leader of an aid organization in the department of Junin who was assassinated in 1990. According to CVR records, the Peruvian Army was allegedly responsible for her death. Her case is part of the systematic violence against social leaders, particularly women leaders of grassroots organizations, …
Emilia Luna Peña was president of a trade union organization in the department of Junín. She was murdered in 1990, allegedly by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso (PCP-SL). Her death is part of the systematic offensive by the PCP-SL against social leaders, particularly women leaders of popular and trade union organizations. This …
Felipe Santiago Salaverry, former President of the Peruvian Social Security Institute (IPSS), was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in 1990. This assassination was part of a broader strategy of the PCP-SL to multiply the assassinations of officials linked to the APRA government of Alan Garcia. The crime occurred on the …
By the end of 1990, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso managed to establish absolute control over the entire Ene River and the upper Tambo up to the Poyeni bend. This control was the result of an intensification of actions that began in 1989, when PCP-SL increased its presence through regular visits to …
During 1990, the Asháninka Army began patrolling the Bajo Tambo area. This army was formed by the communities of Bajo Tambo under the leadership of Poyeni, in response to the advance of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region. In the same year there were several attacks against the PCP-SL Main …
Angel Ayala, an engineer from the Micro region of Bolognesi, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the town of Llaclla in 1990. This assassination took place in the context of an escalation of Shining Path violence in the area between 1989 and 1993, a period in which the PCP-SL …
In 1990, police posts were withdrawn from the districts of Huambalpa, Carhuanca and Vischongo in Ayacucho. This withdrawal of law enforcement left a power vacuum in these villages. Immediately after the police withdrawal, the subversive columns of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took advantage of the situation to organize incursions into these …
In the district capital of Locroja, the villagers, tired of the constant abuses and demands of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso subversives, decided to take action against the Shining Path Shining Path presence in their town. In mid-1990, the villagers assassinated "comrade Samuel", who was the local Shining Path commander in the …
In 1990, there was a confrontation between police forces and subversive elements of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the district of Ambar, province of Huaura. The confrontation resulted in the death of two subversives. This event occurred in the context of a Shining Path offensive that had spread between 1989 and …
In 1990, Juan Santiago was elected secretary general of the Cerro de Pasco mine workers union. On the night of the same day of his election, a Shining Path group attempted to assassinate him at his home, but they were unsuccessful. Under his leadership, the union was able to detect …
Eight subversives entered the house of the affiant's mother where she was staying. At the time, the affiant was three months pregnant. The subversives insulted and threatened them, asking them for money to help with the popular struggle. The affiant's husband was handcuffed, while one of the hooded men physically …
On January 9, 1990, retired Army General and former Minister of Defense Enrique López Albújar was assassinated by a commando of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) in the district of San Isidro, Lima. This selective assassination was part of the MRTA's strategy of carrying out military actions against specific …
On February 5, 1990, the mayor of the district of Cachachi, Eleuterio Roncal, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the town of Tambería Cachachi, Cajabamba province. This assassination was part of the Shining Path's strategy of systematic elimination of local authorities who resisted their political-military project or who did …
On February 17, 1990, two villagers were murdered in the district of La Merced, province of Churcampa, Huancavelica. The murders were perpetrated by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, who accused the victims of "collaborating" with the military. This occurred in the context of the PCP-SL's national offensive in 1990, when …
In March 1990, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) was formed within the DIRCOTE (Directorate against Terrorism) with the explicit objective of capturing the leadership of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This specialized police intelligence group was created at a critical moment in the internal armed conflict, when Metropolitan Lima had become the …
On April 13, 1990, in the district of La Merced, province of Churcampa, a married couple was murdered by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This murder occurred in the context of the PCP-SL's national offensive, which significantly increased the death toll in the provinces of Tayacaja and Churcampa. The victims …
In May 1990, the town of Yahuarmachay, Ayahuanco district, was razed to the ground. Members of the Peruvian Army perpetrated a massacre in which 47 people were killed. This event took place during the period of intensification of the internal armed conflict between 1988-1991, when there was a significant increase …
On May 13, 1990, three Peruvian Army helicopters arrived in the community of Quempiri, in the Ene Valley. Upon hearing the helicopters, the community's population fled to their farms in search of refuge. This attack was part of a series of military operations carried out by the Peruvian Army between …
Between June and September 1990, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) of DIRCOTE made significant progress in the fight against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. For the first time they reached a real trail that included documents, maps, reports on military actions and plans that would later lead to the capture of the …
On June 15, 1990, PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants assassinated the governor of the district of La Merced in Churcampa, Huancavelica. This assassination was part of a series of selective executions carried out by the PCP-SL against local authorities and alleged collaborators of the military forces in the area. The governor was …
In July 1990, the leaders of the Central Committee of the Rondas Campesinas del Alto y Bajo Tulumayo elaborated their first Statute. This occurred a few months after delegates from the 48 communities of Tulumayo met in a general assembly in March 1990 to agree on the formation of the …
On July 5, 1990, the MRTA raided the city of Yurimaguas with 95 armed men. During this operation, the insurgents attacked the local prison and freed the prisoners held there. This action was part of a period of intense MRTA activity, which included confrontations with the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the …
On July 10, 1990, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the SAIS Sollocota in the province of Azángaro, department of Puno, killing 7 peasants. This attack was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to destroy the associative enterprises created by the agrarian reform, in opposition to the peasant mobilizations that sought the democratic …
On July 10, 1990, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Azángaro market in the department of Puno. During this attack, 5 people were killed. This attack occurred on the same day that the PCP-SL also attacked the SAIS Sollocota in Azángaro, where 7 peasants were killed. These attacks were part of …
On July 12, 1990, an armed confrontation took place between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the military forces in Cochamarca, province of Oyón. This confrontation was part of the military-police offensive that dealt decisive blows to the Shining Path combat forces in the region during 1989 and 1990. The event occurred …
The second stage of the counter-subversive military battle took place from August 1990 to July 31, 1992 in Alto Huallaga. This phase was based on recovering the zones liberated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. Starting in 1991, a change in counter-subversive strategy was implemented, which improved the image of the armed …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called the fourth armed strike in Lima on August 9, 1990, in protest against the set of economic measures implemented by the government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori. This strike was part of an ascending sequence of armed strikes that the PCP-SL organized between 1988 and 1992 in …
On August 14, 1990, a car bomb exploded, killing one person and injuring 18 in the city of Puno. The day after the attack, the owner of the vehicle used in the attack, former police sergeant Melitón Candia Guzmán, was found dead. This attack occurred in the context of the …
On October 4, 1990, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated the Deputy Mayor in the district of Sanagorán, province of Sánchez Carrión. This assassination is part of the PCP-SL's systematic strategy of eliminating local authorities in the Huamachuco region. Previously, in 1984, the PCP-SL had already assassinated Mayor Alejandro Polo Baca and …
In 1991, due to the gradual change in the Navy's counter-subversive strategy, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began to retreat to some areas along the Ucayali River and lost control of the villages along the Federico Basadre Highway (CFB). This change of strategy implied that the Navy stopped carrying out bloody operations …
During 1991 there was one of the highest number of fatalities among Peruvian law enforcement personnel in the internal armed conflict. According to information provided by the armed institutes and the Ministry of the Interior to the CVR, 207 law enforcement personnel died that year, representing 12.4% of the total …
Feliberta Sacha Martinez was a leader of an aid organization in Huancavelica who was assassinated in 1991. Her death is part of the offensive by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the leaders of popular and grassroots organizations that intensified from mid-1991 onwards. The PCP-SL systematically attacked women leaders working in welfare …
Rayda Maruja Dávalos Arias was a union leader murdered in Apurímac during 1991. According to CVR records, she held the position of union leader in Trade Unions or Federations of Workers, workers or employees. Her death is part of the offensive of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against social and union leaders …
In 1991, the Puerto Ocopa native community created a native patrol on its own initiative as part of the counter-offensive against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the central jungle. This patrol was formed in the context of the intensification of the counter-subversive struggle that was taking place in the Tambo and …
In 1991, the native communities of the area, particularly the Shipibo-Conibo of Lake Imiria, decided to join the Self-Defense Committee (CAD) of the hamlet of Puerto Alegre as a sub-base to combat subversion. This decision was made after PCP-Sendero Luminoso repeatedly tried to impose its laws and organize committees in …
Fifteen hikers broke in and detained the villagers. The declarant's sister-in-law refused to go with them because she was pregnant. One of the subversives told her 'Let's see, take out your chest'. She did so and the subversive pressed her breasts. When they verified that she was pregnant, they let …
In 1991, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a series of selective assassinations in Santiago de Chuco as part of its strategy of eliminating local authorities and people considered enemies of its political-military project. The victims included the mayor, the sub-prefect, an APRA leader and a local hospital worker. These murders …
The year 1991 marked a decisive turning point in the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive in the Central Jungle region. Beginning that year, the Armed Forces, together with the Asháninka population organized in Rondas or Self-Defense Committees, began an important counter-offensive that hit the PCP-SL hard, especially in the Ene River area. …
In 1991, an armed confrontation occurred between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the Peruvian Army at the Port of Mantaro, on the Huallaga River. The subversives ambushed the military forces as they attempted to cross the river to Mantaro, attacking them from positions on the hill. The attack resulted in significant …
The process of forming the peasant patrols in the Canipaco Valley began in 1991, after the installation of military bases in the region. The military gathered as many people as possible from each community and explained the reasons and needs for organizing the patrols. This formation was part of the …
In 1991, native communities in Ucayali, including the Shipibo-Conibo, resisted the attempts of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) to recruit their youth into the guerrilla movement. The community of Caimito, among others, refused to join the armed struggle and engage in coca cultivation. Instead, they allied with the CAD of …
The massacre of Ccano-Huanta was perpetrated by members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in February 1991. This event was part of a series of systematic and widespread killings during the internal armed conflict in Peru from 1980 to 2000. The PCP-SL aimed to impose a 'New Order' through terror, targeting individuals …
A large contingent of PCP-Sendero Luminoso members murdered 36 villagers while they were worshiping in the community's Evangelical Pentecostal Church. The attackers continued killing, beating with clubs and shooting with guns. According to survivor testimony, the attackers said 'we are going to finish off these miserable dogs, we are going …
In April 1991, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out an attack against the premises of the Instituto Libertad y Democracia, directed by Hernando de Soto, who at the time was an advisor to President Alberto Fujimori. This attack was part of a reactivation of subversive actions in the capital during Fujimori's …
On April 19, 1991, ronderos from Musoqpampa, in the district of La Merced, entered the town of Ccásir and arrested Pedro Cajamarca Navarro, a young man who had been recruited against his will by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The ronderos handed him over to the military at the counter-subversive base in …
On May 1, 1991, in the locality of Quillispampa, Cajabamba province, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso executed the President of the Peasant Community. The assassination was perpetrated under the accusation of not collaborating with the subversive organization. This was part of the Shining Path's strategy of eliminating local authorities who resisted their …
Through Supreme Decree 024-91-DE/SGP, the Peruvian government extended the state of emergency for a sixty-day period beginning May 9, 1991 in the provinces of Chumbivilcas, Canas, Espinar and Canchis, located in the department of Cuzco, in the context of the Alberto Fujimori government's counter-subversive struggle against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and …
Porfirio Suni Quispe, professor, peasant leader and representative of the United Left (IU) in the government of the José Carlos Mariátegui Region, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Juliaca on May 14, 1991. Previously, on May 5, 1988, Suni had been arrested and tortured, falsely accused of participating in …
On May 22, 1991, a Shining Path column raided Huasahuasi, a district in the province of Tarma. In this attack, four people were killed: the nun Irene McCormack, the community president Pedro Pando, the former deputy mayor Alfredo Morales and the leader Agustín Vento. This event was part of the …
In June 1991, there was an armed confrontation between Peruvian Army troops and members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Aucayacu, Leoncio Prado province, Huanuco department. The confrontation resulted in the death of sixty-five members of the PCP-SL who were killed by the military forces. This event occurred during the so-called …
In June 1991, the Movimiento de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas (MOTC), a front organization of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, initiated a wave of violence against the Tejidos La Unión factory in Ate Vitarte, assassinating company officials. This attack occurred after the PCP-SL failed in its attempts to win union leadership in …
On June 7, 1991, a contingent of subversives from the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered the district of La Merced and carried out a massacre against local authorities and villagers. The victims were Prospero Valencia Porras (district mayor) and his wife Rufina Guevara; Oswaldo Porras Valencia and his wife Juana Santos Mancco; …
A column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso executed five peasant ronderos in the province of Chumbivilcas. This attack was part of the Shining Path's strategy to confront the nascent peasant patrols that were being promoted by the military bases in the highland provinces. The PCP-SL considered the community patrols as "mesnadas" …
On June 18, 1991, 35 students from the Universidad Nacional del Centro in Huancayo disappeared. This event occurred during the so-called 'red month' of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, a period of intense violent actions that extended from May 17 (anniversary of the beginning of their war) to June 19 (heroic day …
On June 22, 1991, Professor Victor Zavala Cataño, who had links with the University of La Cantuta since the beginning of the internal war, was arrested by the GEIN (Special Intelligence Group). Zavala Cataño was a member of the leadership cell of Socorro Popular del Perú, an organization of the …
A group of Sivia patrols, made up of ronderos from different communities, went to Sello de Oro where they clashed with hikers. The confrontation resulted in the death of 13 people. This event is framed in the context of the confrontations between the peasant patrols and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in …
In July 1991, for the first time, a state of emergency was decreed in the high provinces of the department of Cuzco. This measure was taken in a context of worsening PCP-Sendero Luminoso operations in the region. The period corresponds to the phase of counter-subversive strategies (1989-1992), when the Armed …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated Professor Iván Pérez, professor at the Faculty of Economics of the San Antonio Abad National University of Cuzco. Perez was a militant of the Peruvian Communist Party (PCP Unidad) and was an advisor to the provincial mayor of Cuzco, Daniel Estrada. This assassination took place in …
On July 17, 1991, the provincial mayor of San Antonio de Putina, Prudencio Sulca Huayta, was assassinated in the department of Puno. This crime took place in the context of an intensification of selective attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, which followed its peculiar symbolic pattern of attacking local authorities and …
On July 17, 1991, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated the provincial mayor of San Antonio de Putina, Prudencio Sulca, along with two municipal councilors in the Calacala farm. This assassination was part of a systematic campaign of elimination of local authorities carried out by the Shining Path in the department of …
On July 17, 1991, the provincial mayor of San Antonio de Putina was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This assassination was part of a series of violent actions perpetrated by PCP-SL urban annihilation commandos in Puno during 1991. The attack against this municipal authority took place in a context of …
In the early morning of July 18, 1991, an annihilation squad entered the Solier-Huallanca home and murdered Celestina Huallanca (teacher and witness to the murder of Luis Antonio Morales Noriega), her husband Francisco Solier Garcia, her son Waldy Solier Huallanca (14 years old) and her nephew Carlos Jose Rodriguez Cordero …
On July 26, 1991, a column of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated four peasant ronderos in the area of Tocto, province of Chumbivilcas. This attack took place in the context of the confrontation between the PCP-SL and the nascent peasant patrols that were being promoted by the military bases in the …
On July 30, 1991, there was a confrontation between the 'ronderos' (members of the Self-Defense Committees) of Santa Rosa and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the province of Grau, Apurímac. This confrontation is framed in the period of counter-subversive strategies (1989-1992), when the Armed Forces established an alliance with the peasantry …
Juana López was assassinated in Callao in August 1991, in the context of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive against leaders of grassroots organizations. Her murder occurred in the midst of a wave of violence against women leaders that intensified in mid-1991. This crime was part of a series of murders and …
On August 18, 1991, the head of the National Civil Defense Institute in Juliaca was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This assassination was part of a series of selective executions of authorities and public officials that the PCP-SL carried out during that period in the department of Puno. The attack …
On August 18, 1991, the head of the National Civil Defense Institute in Juliaca was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This assassination was part of a series of violent actions perpetrated by the subversive organization in Puno during 1991, which included the assassination of authorities and political leaders. The attack …
On August 30, 1991, journalist and Cambio 90 leader Gustavo Zuñiga was shot and killed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the city of Juliaca. This assassination took place in the context of an upsurge of subversive violence in Puno during 1991, especially of urban annihilation commandos. The crime was part …
On August 31, 1991, Juana López León, Coordinator of the Glass of Milk Program in the Juan Pablo II human settlement in El Callao, was murdered by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. Juana had begun her work in 1985 during an invasion in the area of Gambetta in Callao and since then …
Doraliza Espejo was a leader of grassroots organizations assassinated in San Juan de Lurigancho in September 1991. Her assassination occurred in the context of a PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive against leaders of popular women's organizations that had begun in mid-1991. This crime was part of a series of attacks and assassinations …
On September 6, 1991, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the town of Pucará in the province of Lampa, department of Puno. During the attack, the subversives killed 5 policemen and proceeded to burn several public and private buildings. Among the structures destroyed were the municipality, the Entel Peru office and approximately …
On September 14, 1991, on the eve of the anniversary of the Juan Pablo II human settlement, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated two neighborhood leaders: Fortunato Collazos Crispín, deputy secretary general, and Alfredo Aguirre Berrocal, secretary of press and propaganda. These murders were part of the Shining Path's strategy to take …
In October 1991, a PCP-Sendero Luminoso annihilation commando was captured in Callao. This capture allowed access to valuable information on the zoning of the Shining Path annihilation commandos operating in Metropolitan Lima. The captured commando was part of the military structure of the PCP-SL operating in the Callao area and …
In November 1991, PCP-Sendero Luminoso terrorists assassinated 10 peasants in the town of Huari for belonging to the peasant patrols. This attack was part of a broader offensive against self-defense organizations in the area. The same month, another Shining Path column had raided the district of Santo Tomás de Pata, …
In November 1991, the March 'Against Hunger and Terror' took place, led by the leaders María Elena Moyano and Emma Hilario, among others. This march took place in a context of intensified threats and attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the leaders of women's grassroots organizations. The march was an …
On December 5, 1991, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated Doraliza Espejo Márquez, a leader of the José Carlos Mariátegui Human Settlement in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho. She was murdered for having collaborated in a food distribution organized by the Army. This crime was part of the PCP-SL's strategy …
In 1992, in the province of Oyón, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso ambushed a Peruvian Army detachment in the town of Paran. This attack represented a decisive blow against the Shining Path forces in the province of Oyón, marking a turning point in the internal armed conflict in this area. The confrontation …
Shirley Espinal Gutarra was a leader of parents' organizations or associations in Junín who was assassinated in 1992. Her death is part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive against social leaders, particularly women leaders of popular organizations. The PCP-SL is identified as the alleged perpetrator of her murder. Her case is …
Marcelina Díaz Ramírez was a leader of welfare organizations in Ayacucho who was assassinated in 1992. Her death occurred in the context of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's offensive against leaders of popular and grassroots organizations, particularly those linked to soup kitchens and social assistance programs. The PCP-SL considered these leaders as …
The capture of Abimael Guzmán, the main leader of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, occurred in 1992 and marked a turning point in the Peruvian internal armed conflict. This event occurred during the period of the so-called 'leap to strategic balance' when PCP-SL members had intensified their attacks against police and military …
On January 13, 1992, a worker from the first sector of Villa El Salvador was shot at the door of his home. This attack occurred in the context of a series of assassinations and assassination attempts committed by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso at the beginning of 1992 in the district. On …
María Elena Moyano Delgado, leader of the Popular Federation of Women of Villa El Salvador and deputy mayor of the district, was assassinated on February 15, 1992. The assassination occurred in a context of intensified attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against popular leaders and local authorities. Days earlier, on February …
The leader of the Popular Federation of Women of Villa el Salvador and deputy mayor of the district María Elena Moyano was brutally assassinated by the Shining Path. This event shocked public opinion, marking a milestone in what until then had been the resistance to the advance and harassment of …
On March 5, 1992, in the villages of Pihuan, Jurau-Cochas, in Cajatambo, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso murdered 10 people for supporting the formation of peasant patrols. The victims were: Máximo Herbozo Tolentino, Cristina Morales Blas, Elena Herbozo Morales, Eusebio Tolentino Navarro, Cirilo Tolentino Medina, Jorge Estrada Mendoza, Perpetua Chavarría López, Máximo …
On April 5, 1992, President Alberto Fujimori executed a self-coup d'état in Peru. This event marked a turning point in the counter-subversive strategy of the internal armed conflict. After the self-coup, repression intensified in a selective manner, with continuous reports of arbitrary detentions, torture and disappearances by counter-subversive forces. The …
Between May 6 and 9, 1992, the government decided to retake by force the control of the wards where the accused and convicted terrorists of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso were being held. On May 6, members of the National Police entered by surprise and in the face of resistance used firearms …
On May 14, 1992, a contingent of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso entered three annexes of the district of Ulcumayo, in the province and department of Junin. This action was part of a series of terrorist incursions that the PCP-SL carried out in May 1992 in various districts of the area, as …
On May 16, 1992, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso decreed an armed strike that paralyzed the entire region of Huancayo. This event was part of the period of greatest violence in the Mantaro Valley (1989-1992), when the PCP-SL was implementing its V Plan to 'Develop Bases for the Conquest of Power'. The …
On June 5, 1992, a PCP-Sendero Luminoso truck bomb exploded in front of the Channel 2 facilities in Lima. The explosion completely destroyed the television channel's facilities and caused the death of three channel workers. This attack was part of the PCP-SL's escalation of violence in Lima during the period …
In July 1992, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the community of Pallcca, an annex of the Sacsamarca district in the province of Huancasancos, and killed 8 people. This event occurred in the context of the latest episodes of violence in Zone I of the south central region, shortly after the Challhuamayo …
On July 16, 1992, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso detonated a car bomb on Tarata Street, in the heart of the residential district of Miraflores in Lima. This action was part of the Shining Path's strategy of "sounding board" and "strategic balance" that sought to demonstrate their ability to strike even in …
The explosion of a car bomb in the center of Miraflores, on Tarata Street, left 20 dead and 132 wounded. The impact of the attack in the media spread panic and a feeling of insecurity among the public. The same day a series of attacks took place in other sectors …
The Tarata attack occurred on July 16, 1992 in Lima. According to the CVR report, this attack was part of a wave of Shining Path violence that culminated after the police intervention in the Canto Grande prison between June 6 and 9, 1992, which resulted in the assassination of prominent …
Car bomb attack perpetrated on Tarata Street in the Miraflores district of Lima. This attack was part of the escalation of violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso during 1992, a year in which the subversive organization intensified its terrorist actions in the capital. The attack occurred a little more than a …
The "armed strike" of the Shining Path in Lima on July 22 and 23 left a tragic toll of 8 dead, 38 wounded, 5 car bombs, 13 urban transport vehicles set on fire and 23 explosive devices. This armed strike was successful and consolidated the image of "Shining Path" in …
On Sunday, July 29, 1992, a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the district of Inchupalla, province of Huancané, department of Puno. During this action, the subversives killed four local authorities and a child. This attack was part of an upsurge of subversive violence in Puno during 1991 and 1992, …
The third stage of the counter-subversive military battle took place from August 1, 1992 to 1994, focused on clearing operations against the PCP-SL in Alto Huallaga. This phase followed the capture of Abimael Guzmán in September 1992 and was characterized by intensive military operations to regain territorial control. During this …
The VI Convention of CUAVES (Comunidad Urbana Autogestionaria de Villa El Salvador) held at the end of August 1992 was essentially taken over by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, surprising all observers by the level of control exercised by the subversive organization over this event. The influence of the PCP-SL in CUAVES …
The arrest of Abimael Guzmán, leader of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, occurred in September 1992. This event marked a turning point in the internal armed conflict, although the PCP-SL maintained military capacity to develop actions against the population and the forces of law and order in the central region even after …
Following the capture of Abimael Guzmán Reynoso, the leader of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, in September 1992, there was a notable decrease in reported cases of forced disappearances by state agents in Peru. This decline was attributed to the disbanding of the Sendero Luminoso organization and the implementation of anti-terrorism legislation …
On September 12, 1992, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) of the Counter-Terrorism Directorate (DIRCOTE) successfully captured key figures of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, including its leader Abimael Guzmán Reynoso, also known as 'Presidente Gonzalo'. This event marked a significant blow to the subversive group, leading to the initiation of their VI …
The Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) of the DINCOTE captured Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, maximum leader of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, together with the party's top leadership, in a residence located in the district of Surquillo. This capture marked a decisive turning point in the internal armed conflict, since after it the actions …
On September 12, 1992, the ronderos of Asillo confronted the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in a combat that resulted in the death of 7 members of the subversive organization. This confrontation took place in the context of the growing organization of counter-subversive peasant patrols in the department of Puno. The event is …
On September 12, 1992, the ronderos of Asillo confronted the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in a battle that resulted in the death of seven subversives. This confrontation took place in the context of organized peasant resistance against the subversive presence in the Puno area. The event occurred shortly before the capture of …
On September 15, 1992, the Ronda Campesina de Chongos Alto was officially formed and Zenón Lapa Campuzano was appointed president. This self-defense organization arose in the context of the counter-subversive struggle against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Canipaco area. By 1992, the Army had registered 1586 ronderos in the region. …
Martha Huatay was a lawyer who assumed the leadership of Socorro Popular (SoPo), an organization of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso with a very complex structure that, after its militarization in 1986, came to displace the Metropolitan Committee in importance. Socorro Popular acted almost always through its 'gray' or 'front' organizations, such …
In November 1992, there was a confrontation between the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and the peasant patrols in Torrerumi, Sivia district. The local ronderos went out to look for the Shining Path guerrillas after they had killed two villagers in a previous raid. This confrontation is part of the dynamics of violence …
PNP Colonel Manuel Alberto Tumba, head of the Administration Division of DINCOTE and part of the team that intervened in the capture of Abimael Guzmán, was treacherously murdered by a Shining Path special detachment when he was walking to his car a block away from his home. He had been …
In 1993, in the ex-SAIS of Tabacal, Cachachi district, Cajabamba province, a self-defense committee was formed in response to the pressure and violence exerted by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This process is framed in the context of the counter-subversive strategy that promoted the formation of Self-Defense Committees to complement military and …
Due to the intense violence in the area, the army militarized the province. In response to the escalation of actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, the Peruvian state installed three military bases in strategic locations in the province of Barranca. This militarization was part of the counter-subversive strategy implemented in the …
In 1993, the Peruvian Army retook control of Venenillo, located on the left bank of the Huallaga River. As part of this operation, it established a military base at the entrance to Bolsón Cuchara, thus consolidating control of the hamlets located along the Marginal Highway on the right bank of …
On January 30, 1993, an armed confrontation took place between the Peruvian army and the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the district of Phara. The combat resulted in the death of 8 hikers, an officer and two army soldiers. Subsequently, 9 additional Shining Path members were captured in the so-called Support Base …
A young woman left Previsto for Huanuco and was intercepted by PCP-SL subversives who were guarding the area. When she was detained, she explained that she was coming to visit her mother. The subversives replied that she did not participate in the meetings and accused her of snitching. After three …
On March 16, 1993, law enforcement forces captured a PCP-Sendero Luminoso annihilation commando operating in the provinces of Lampa, Azángaro, Carabaya and Melgar in the department of Puno. Among those arrested were two active army soldiers, which demonstrated the Shining Path's infiltration into the armed forces. This capture was part …
On March 28, 1993, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out one of its most spectacular actions in the department of Cuzco, trying to emulate other similar actions carried out in Ayacucho and Apurimac. The attack on the Q'enqoro prison resulted in the successful escape of 31 subversives, among PCP-Sendero Luminoso and …
On April 28, 1993, the counter-subversive forces presented to the press a group of captured militants of subversive organizations in the department of Puno. Seventeen PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants and two MRTA militants who had been captured in operations carried out in the area were presented. This presentation was part of …
On May 2, 1993, in the town of Huamansalla, district of Huamachuco, province of Sanchez Carrion, the Peruvian National Police killed six members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in an armed confrontation. This event occurred in the context of the counter-subversive offensive that intensified since 1992, after the capture of Abimael …
In July 1993, members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso intercepted several vehicles in Charapa, Ayna district. During the raid, the subversives seized merchandise from the passengers, including noodles, rice and sugar. As a result of this attack, 16 people were killed by the Shining Path militants.
In July 1993, peasant ronderos from Santa Rosa detained a group of people in the context of the internal armed conflict. During this event, 4 people were detained and 21 people were killed by the ronderos. This event is part of the period of violence between the counter-subversive peasant patrols …
On July 18, 1993, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a bomb attack that completely destroyed the Yamobamba hydroelectric plant, which supplied electricity to the city of Huamachuco. As a result of the attack, the entire city was without electricity for more than 8 months. This attack took place in the …
Juan Mallea was detained and tortured by the DINCOTE, the anti-terrorism police in Peru, in July 1993. He was presented at a press conference as the author of plans that led to the discovery of the remains of the disappeared from 'La Cantuta'. The event was used to accuse him …
Combined police and army forces took the town of Salko and captured 10 hikers on August 6, 1993. This operation was part of the counter-subversive strategy in the high provinces of Cuzco, where the joint action of counter-subversive forces and self-defense committees was beginning to be successful. The event was …
Martha Cayetano Torres, political commander of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the province of San Roman in the department of Puno, was captured by combined police and army forces. She was presented to the press in Cuzco on October 6, 1993, together with 11 other Shining Path militants captured in various …
On October 10, 1993, twenty-four families returned to Uchuraccay after a long period of absence, uprooting and diaspora. The community had ceased to exist in mid-1984 when the surviving families fled to nearby communities and towns in the highlands and jungle of Ayacucho, as well as to the cities of …
A group of twenty-four families returned to Uchuraccay after almost a decade of absence. This return was possible after months of coordination promoted by Elías Ccente, with the support of the National Evangelical Council of Peru. The community had been totally depopulated due to repeated attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, …
On October 16, 1993, in a ceremony similar to those held in Ayacucho and Huallaga, the army gave weapons to the ronderos to fight for pacification in the communities of Pasqueña in the Chaupihuaranga ravine. The communities benefited were Paucar, Tangor, Vilcabamba, Chango, Mito, Huarautambo, Choquicancha, Chipiputa, Hualacircas, Rocco, San …
On October 20, 1993, shotguns and ammunition were delivered to nine Self-Defense Committees in the province of Paucartambo, in the department of Cuzco. This delivery of weapons was part of the counter-subversive strategy implemented by the Armed Forces in the southern Andean region during the pacification period. The Self-Defense Committees …
Between 1991 and 1992, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso consolidated its new popular committees in the Bellavista area and formed a battalion on the banks of the Abiseo River with the objective of definitively taking Dos de Mayo. In November 1993, the Shining Path managed to take the town of Dos de …
In December 1993, the so-called 'Peace Agreement' divided the PCP-Sendero Luminoso between the followers of Abimael Guzmán and the members of Sendero Rojo, headed by comrade 'Feliciano'. This agreement marks a breaking point in the subversive organization after the capture of its leader Abimael Guzman in September 1992. In Apurímac, …
In 1994, the Peruvian army installed a military base in Chiquibamba, Cachachi district, Cajabamba province. This installation was part of the counter-subversive strategy implemented by the armed forces in the northern region of the department of Cajamarca. The base was established in the context of the fight against the PCP-Sendero …
The third stage of the counter-subversive military battle in Alto Huallaga took place from August 1, 1992 to 1994, focused on clearing operations against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This stage followed the capture of Abimael Guzmán in September 1992 and was characterized by intensive military operations to regain territorial control. In …
A Shining Path column entered the hacienda where the affiant worked, capturing her entire family. Later they stole their belongings and took them to an abandoned house, where they raped the affiant in the presence of her husband and children. The case is evidence of sexual violence as a form …
In January 1994, following intelligence operations, the armed forces captured three important Shining Path commanders known as Viajero, Rayo and Pescador in the Huallaga Front. According to the Military Chief of the Huallaga Front, the testimonies provided by these captured commanders were extremely important for the planning and execution of …
During 1994, Peruvian law enforcement suffered 67 fatal casualties in the internal armed conflict, representing 4.0% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period investigated. Of these casualties, 52 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 15 to the Police Forces. This year is in the period …
Beginning in 1994, the armed forces assumed definitive control of the Upper Huallaga area after years of PCP-Sendero Luminoso domination. This control was consolidated after the PCP-SL began to retreat to the left bank of the Huallaga River in 1992, losing control of the villages on the right bank due …
Between April and May 1994, the Armed Forces carried out Operation Aries with the objective of eliminating the presence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the area. The operation involved intense military patrol activity and even aerial bombardment of villages and homes with rocket grenades from helicopters. The areas of greatest …
In June 1994, Manuel Barrientos García, mayor of the Sacsamarca district, was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The perpetrators dressed as military personnel to commit the crime. This assassination occurred almost as an isolated episode, being one of the last events of violence in the area, two years after the …
In August 1994, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began to take advantage of the Law of Repentance in the department of Cuzco. This process occurred after the capture of Abimael Guzmán and the internal division of the PCP-SL between the followers of the so-called 'Peace Accord' of December 1993 and …
In September 1994, La Libertad had 32 anti-subversive bases installed as part of the Peruvian State's counter-subversive strategy. These military bases were established to combat the presence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the region, especially in provinces such as Santiago de Chuco and Sánchez Carrión. The bases were part of …
Seven armed subversives entered the affiant's house where they raped his daughter. They then took provisions and part of his animals. As a result of the rape, the young woman became pregnant but the baby died at birth. The case is evidence of sexual violence with serious consequences for the …
On October 27, 1994, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso tried to attack the Q'enqoro prison again in order to free their detained militants. This attempt took place in a context of desperation of the subversive group, after in August of the same year several of its militants began to take …
On December 25, 1994, in the town of Muyoc, province of San Marcos, department of Cajamarca, the police killed three members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This confrontation took place in the context of the decline of Shining Path violence in the region, after the capture of Abimael Guzmán in 1992 …
In 1995 there was a significant increase in law enforcement casualties in the upper Huallaga area. According to information provided by the Joint Command of the Armed Forces and the Ministry of the Interior to the CVR, 132 law enforcement personnel died that year (104 from the Army and 28 …
During 1995, 132 law enforcement fatalities were recorded in the internal armed conflict, representing 7.9% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period. Of these casualties, 104 corresponded to the Armed Forces and 28 to the Police Forces. A new and brief increase in casualties was …
On May 10, 1995, an armed confrontation took place between PCP-Sendero Luminoso militants and Peruvian army troops in the province of Daniel Alcides Carrion, department of Pasco. The confrontation resulted in the death of one soldier. This event occurred in the context of counter-subversive operations that had been taking place …
On January 24, 1996, in San Martin Pangoa, a district in the province of Satipo in Junin, there was a confrontation between ronderos and militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. During this confrontation, the PCP-SL killed three ronderos. This event occurred in the context of the final phase of the internal …
On May 14, 1996, there was an armed confrontation between members of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso and peasant patrols in the town of Santo Domingo, located in the Conchucos area. The confrontation resulted in the death of two hikers. This event occurred in the context of the decline of Shining Path …
Nancy Segura Haro was a leader of a welfare organization in Huanuco who was assassinated in 1997. Her death was part of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive against women leaders of popular and grassroots organizations throughout the country. She was one of many women leaders working in aid organizations who were …
Oscar Ramirez Durand, known as 'Feliciano', was captured in July 1999. Feliciano was one of the main leaders of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso who opposed the Peace Accord proposed by Abimael Guzmán in 1993, leading the faction that intended to continue the armed struggle. His capture was presented by Alberto Fujimori …
Oscar Ramirez Durand, alias Feliciano, was captured in Jauja, although the circumstances surrounding the incident are unclear. Feliciano was one of the main leaders of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso after the capture of Abimael Guzman. His capture represents a major blow against the subversive organization.
On November 28, 1999, there was an armed confrontation between members of the Peruvian Army and militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the area of Alto Sanoven, district of Satipo. The combat resulted in the death of 2 military personnel and 4 subversives. This confrontation occurred in the context of …
Interview with Saturnina Figueroa, widow of Severino Huáscar Morales Ccente, in the community of Uchuraccay. Severino Morales was identified in Shining Path documents as 'commissary of the Popular Committee of Uchuraccay' and was locally responsible for the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the community. The interview is part of the CVR's investigations …
In May 2002, the villagers of Uchuraccay handed over to the members of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission a list with the names of 135 Uchuraccaínos who died as a result of political violence between 1983 and 1984. This delivery was part of the TRC's documentation work on the victims …
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