After the split of Red Flag in 1967, the red faction of the "José Carlos Mariátegui Regional Committee" (CRJCM), led by Abimael Guzmán, carried out a series of activities and plenary sessions in Lima. This split marked a crucial moment in the history of the Peruvian radical left, giving rise …
In 1970, following internal conflicts within the PCP-Bandera Roja, Abimael Guzmán established the PCP-Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) in Ayacucho, Peru. This new faction emerged from the CR 'José Carlos Mariátegui' and was influenced by Guzmán's ideological vision. The split was marked by Guzmán's isolation from the main party, leading to …
In June 1975, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began the reconstitution of the party, incorporating new militants and rethinking the development of the people's war in the city. When a contradiction appeared within the Regional Committee, Abimael Guzmán opted to hold the Convention of the Regional Committee 'June 14' in Lima, specifically …
In 1978, the political group Patria Roja experienced its first split with the emergence of the Puka llaqta faction. This division highlighted the internal tensions within leftist groups in Peru, particularly as they faced the growing influence and radical actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. The split was a result of …
The anti-drug operations Verde Mar I and II were carried out by the Sinchis commandos along the right bank of the Huallaga River in 1979 and 1980, respectively. These operations inaugurated a series of large-scale interdictions against drug trafficking in the region. These operations are remembered in local memories as …
Operation Verde Mar I was a forced coca crop eradication operation carried out in 1979 in the Alto Huallaga region. This operation resulted in a failure that alienated the coca grower from the State. The failure of this operation, together with the subsequent Operation Green Sea II (1981) and other …
The Communist Party of Peru Shining Path held the I Conference called Define and Decide. This conference was a key moment in the preparation of the organization for the beginning of the armed struggle. During this event, the PCP-SL defined its political and military strategy for the coming years.
The district of Chungui was one of the territories most affected by the internal armed conflict in Peru. Between 1980 and 2000, 1,381 people were recorded dead and missing, almost 17% of the district's population counted in 1981. The conflict involved actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, the Armed Forces, and …
The burning of the municipality of San Martin de Porres was one of the first acts of violence of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in Lima, occurring almost parallel to the founding attack in Chuschi, Ayacucho, which marked the beginning of the armed struggle. This act was part of the initial conception …
The attack in Chuschi in 1980 marked the beginning of the actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. According to the CVR report, almost parallel to the attack in Chuschi, in Lima there was a fire in the municipality of San Martin de Porres, while a series of symbolic and intimidating acts …
The witness recounts the murder of her husband at the hands of Shining Path groups on the bridge, where they disarmed him. She also found a sick young woman in a room where the hikers had entered and introduced long 'chontas' through her vagina. The case evidences extreme sexual violence …
The declarant narrates that when she was gathering firewood she was chased by a subversive who subsequently raped her. The subversive told her: 'if you are not going to accept me, I am going to kill you'. The victim screamed for help but no one came to her aid.
A woman was forced to move with her husband by a group of hikers. The woman said she did not want to leave and threatened to denounce them if they did not release her husband. They then grabbed her and raped her. Then they cut off her breasts, shot her …
The general elections of May 1980 marked the return to democracy in Peru after the military government. Acción Popular (AP) obtained a clear victory, surpassing by far the required 36%. In the Andean South, AP won a majority in the departments of Apurimac, Cuzco and Madre de Dios, except in …
On May 17, members of the PCP-SL burned 11 ballot boxes in the Ayacucho locality of Chuschi, initiating the political and military plans for the start of the armed struggle. The political strategy was that the times of peace are over and the times of war are beginning. The military …
The internal armed conflict began in Metropolitan Lima on June 13, 1980, when approximately 60 youths from the MOTC (Movimiento de Obreros y Trabajadores Clasistas) threw Molotov cocktails at the Municipality of San Martin de Porres. This period is characterized by sabotage and attacks against state institutions, including ministries and …
In August 1980, there was an attack on the San Francisco police post, located in the Ayna district. This event represents one of the first armed actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Apurimac River Valley (VRA). The attack on the police post is part of the initial phase of …
On August 16, there was an attack against the Agrarian Bank of Huaraz. This attack was part of the escalation of political violence that had been developing in the country since the beginning of the armed struggle of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in May of that year.
On August 17, 1980, militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso knocked down a high-voltage power pole, causing the first general blackout in the city of Huancayo. This event was part of the first subversive actions of the PCP-SL in the region, which were characterized by attacks on the electrical infrastructure. The …
On November 9, 1980, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out its first attack in the department of Cuzco. The target was the Communal Educational Center located in the town of Tinta, capital of the province of Canchis. This attack marked the beginning of the Shining Path's violent actions in the Cuzco …
A month after the Shining Path raid that frustrated the municipal elections in the community of Anchonga at the end of 1980, an attack was carried out against the high tension towers that left the province of Angaraes in darkness. This attack was part of the first actions of the …
On December 11, 1980, the Plan Meris office, located in the district of El Tambo in Huancayo, was attacked with dynamite by militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This attack was part of the first subversive actions in the city of Huancayo during the beginning of the political violence. The attack …
On December 26, 1980, several dogs dawned hanging from electric lighting poles in downtown Lima. The dogs carried signs with the inscription 'Teng Siao Ping', in reference to the Chinese leader. This symbolic act was part of the first propaganda actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the Peruvian capital. The …
In 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso caused an explosion in the cloistered Carmelite Convent in Ayacucho. This attack was part of the first attacks by the subversive group against religious institutions in the region. The population strongly rejected this violent act against the cloistered nuns. Due to the strong negative reaction …
Between 1981 and 1986, a relatively small number of armed incursions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso were recorded in Villa El Salvador. These actions were directed against government entities, the district's only police station, banks and electricity towers. The incursions were part of the initial phase of the Shining Path's presence …
In 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out assassinations in the SAIS Tahuantinsuyo, located in the province of Santiago de Chuco. According to the report, the PCP-SL assassinated more than 6 people in this Agricultural Society of Social Interest. This event is part of the initial strategy of the PCP-SL to …
In 1981, community member Emiterio Huamán was assassinated by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the town of Oronqoy. This assassination had immediate consequences on the dynamics of the conflict in the area. Previously, the Forces of Order and the Mollebamba ronderos had been installed in Oronqoy for several months, but later …
One witness narrates that in the meetings that PCP-SL convened in her community, some of them raped, including one who raped a little girl. The case is evidence of sexual violence against minors in the context of forced meetings organized by PCP-SL.
In 1981, during the first wave of PCP-Sendero Luminoso violence in the province of Santiago de Chuco, members of the main Shining Path Shining Path forces carried out selective assassinations as part of their strategy to destroy the agrarian cooperatives. In SAIS San José, the Shining Path killed the administrator …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Civil Guard barracks in Sicuani, capital of the province of Canchis. This attack was part of a series of initial PCP-SL actions in the area, which also included damage to the railroad and the Municipality between January and May 1981. On May 26 of that …
During 1981, Peruvian law enforcement suffered 4 fatal casualties as a result of the internal armed conflict, representing 0.2% of the total number of law enforcement casualties during the entire period under investigation. According to information submitted by the Ministry of the Interior and the Joint Command of the Armed …
During the initial period of political violence in the southern Andes (1980-1983), the first two deaths were recorded in the department of Cuzco in 1981. This period was characterized by few attacks and acts of sabotage in the region. In Cuzco specifically, it was a period of propaganda actions and …
In 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out dynamite attacks against the Bishopric of Juli in the province of Chucuito, Aymara zone of the department of Puno. The attacks were specifically directed against the IER Palermo and the Bishopric itself. These attacks were part of the initial actions of the PCP-SL …
On January 5, 1981, the first assassination of a policeman by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso took place in Lima. Civil Guard Rigoberto Trigoso Daza was assassinated while guarding the house of the Minister of War. This event marked a turning point in political violence in the capital, being the first fatal …
On January 15, 1981, the house of the mayor of Izquierda Unida (IU) Jaime Ardiles Franco was attacked in the city of Puno. This attack was part of the first actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the department of Puno. Eleven days later, on January 26, the Superior Court of …
On January 15, 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the house of Izquierda Unida (IU) mayor Jaime Ardiles in the city of Puno. This attack was part of the first violent actions of the PCP-SL in the department of Puno, which were characterized by dynamite attacks against institutions and representatives of …
On January 19, 1981, an explosive charge went off in the police station located in the Santa Ana neighborhood of Huancavelica. This attack was part of the first actions of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the department of Huancavelica, which had begun its operations in July 1980 with the demolition of …
On January 21, 1981, the Civil Guard post of Mollebamba in the province of Cangallo was assaulted by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This attack was part of a series of sustained offensives against the police during 1981, with the aim of pushing back the forces of law and order and generating …
On January 24, 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso carried out a harassment attack against the 27 de Noviembre barracks located in the city of Cuzco. This attack was part of the initial period of violence (1980-1983) in the Southern Andes, characterized by propaganda actions and bombings against various public and private …
On January 26, 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Superior Court of Justice of Puno. This attack was part of the first violent actions of the subversive group in the department of Puno, which were characterized by dynamite attacks against institutions and representatives of the State. The attack on the …
On January 26, 1981, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Superior Court of Justice of Puno. This attack was part of a series of initial violent actions by the subversive group in the department of Puno. The attack occurred a few days after they attacked the house of IU Mayor Jaime …
On April 21, 1981, there was an attack against the police post of Luricocha, in the province of Huanta, Ayacucho. This attack was part of a series of actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against police posts during 1981. It was one of the first significant attacks against police installations in …
On April 26, 1981, Edmundo Cox Beuzeville was denounced in the city of Sicuani as responsible for 27 attacks. This denunciation took place in the context of the first years of the internal armed conflict, when the PCP-Sendero Luminoso began its actions in the department of Cuzco. On May 26 …
In the early morning of May 4, 1981, between 2:30 and 4:00 AM, a dozen terrorist acts were registered in different parts of Lima. The attacks caused material damage to both state and private sector properties. These attacks were part of the initial strategy of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso to use …
On May 26, 1981, Edmundo Cox Beuzeville was arrested along with other people in the town of Sicuani, province of Canchis, department of Cuzco. They were accused of being militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. This arrest took place in the context of the early years of the internal armed conflict, …
Alleged subversives set fire to the pastures of the SAIS "Ramón Castilla" in the province of Tarma. This event is part of a series of initial attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the Agrarian Societies of Social Interest (SAIS) in the central region of Peru. The attack is framed in …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Palermo Rural Institute, administered by the Maryknoll Fathers, near Juli in August 1981. A month after the attack on the institute, they threw a bomb against the headquarters of the Juli Prelature. Both assaults provoked a strong reaction of rejection from the local population, with …
On August 1, 1981, multiple simultaneous bombings took place in different parts of Lima. The targets included 4 premises of Acción Popular (AP), 3 of them located in San Martin and Barrios Altos, as well as 3 Peace Courts and the ESAL Office in Villa el Salvador. These attacks were …
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the Quinua police post, resulting in the death of Sergeant Ramiro Flores Sulca, who was the first policeman killed by this subversive organization. This attack was one of the first combat experiences for many young Shining Path cadres and served as a 'baptism' into armed subversion.
In the early morning of August 31, 1981, six terrorist attacks took place in different parts of Lima. These attacks appeared to all appear as products of the same rigorously planned plan or operation. The attacks were part of the initial strategy of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the capital, characterized …
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