On October 10, 1989, the deadline for the registration of candidates for the presidential elections in Peru was October 10, 1989. A total of ten presidential candidates were registered. Among the most prominent candidates were Mario Vargas Llosa for FREDEMO, Luis Alva Castro for PAP, Henry Pease García-Yrigoyen for IU …
On October 16, 1989, a police strike took place in Peru. This event occurred in a complex political context, during the government of Alan Garcia Perez, marked by intense political violence and preparations for the general elections. The police strike took place a few days after the closing of registration …
On April 8, 1990, general elections were held. IU reached 8% and Izquierda Socialista obtained 5% of the vote. FREDEMO came in first place with 33% of the vote followed by Cambio 90 with 29%, while APRA came in third place with 22% of the vote. Mario Vargas Llosa (FREDEMO) …
Presidential candidate Alberto Fujimori Fujimori presents the outlines of his government plan for Cambio 90. The plan is basically aimed at stabilizing the country's economy. To achieve this objective, he proposes to reduce the hyperinflation that was affecting Peru at the time. The proposal includes the promotion of both domestic …
The second round of the presidential elections was held between Alberto Fujimori Fujimori (Cambio 90) and Mario Vargas Llosa (FREDEMO). The official results gave a resounding victory to Fujimori with 62% of the votes against 38% for Vargas Llosa. The victory was promptly recognized by his contender. Prior to the …
Leaders of the Glass of Milk grassroots organizations, mothers' clubs and soup kitchens made a dramatic appeal to President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori to immediately implement the Social Compensation Program. This call came in a context of economic and social crisis, where grassroots organizations expressed the urgent need to implement social …
By means of a supreme decree, the government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori declared a state of emergency for thirty days in the provinces of Arequipa, Cuzco, Puno, Piura, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Maynas, Huaraz, Chimbote, Lima and Callao. As a consequence of this measure, individual guarantees were suspended in all these provinces. …
The Hurtado Miller cabinet appeared before the National Congress to present the government program of Cambio 90. This cabinet included figures from different political parties, among them the Minister of Education Gloria Helfer Palacios (who resigned from IU to take office), Fernando Sanchez Alvabera in Energy and Mines, and Carlos …
The Senate approved the granting of extraordinary powers to the Executive Branch so that, within sixty days (until November 30, 1990), it could issue legislative decrees creating, modifying or eliminating taxes and eliminating tax exemptions. This measure was taken in the context of the new government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, …
President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori and the Minister of Defense, Jorge Torres Aciego, presented a new counter-subversive strategic concept that represents a significant change in the approach to the fight against subversion. This new strategy emphasizes non-military sectors, prioritizing the importance of education, health, agriculture and housing. The change of approach …
President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori announces the initiation of a broad governmental family planning program based on the use of contraceptive methods. This announcement is made in the context of the first months of his administration, after assuming the presidency in July 1990. The program represents a public policy aimed at …
President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori proposes the creation of military tribunals to try subversives, leaving civilian responsibility in the background. He points out that, in this way, the State could have an effective instrument to safeguard society. This proposal is framed in a context of concern about the government's respect for …
The government issued Supreme Decree 171-90-PCM, which specified that the actions of members of the Peruvian Armed Forces and National Police in the zones declared in a state of emergency were subject to military justice. This decree established that police and Armed Forces personnel accredited in the emergency zones would …
The government issued Supreme Decree 171-90-PCM, which specified that the actions of members of the Peruvian Armed Forces and National Police in areas declared in a state of emergency were subject to military justice. This decree stipulated that police officers and Armed Forces personnel accredited in the emergency zones remained …
President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, in a message to the nation, shows fragments of one of the videos seized from the leadership of the PCP-SL. The videos had been seized on January 31, 1991 by the GEIN when they raided a house in the district of San Borja (Lima), where they …
President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori announces that the Rio Group will grant a bridge loan of around US$100 million. This announcement comes in the context of the economic reforms implemented by the government, which included measures to reform the Peruvian state and foreign trade. The loan was part of the government's …
The Torres y Torres Lara cabinet acquitted in the Chamber of Deputies a 92-question questionnaire on the anti-drug agreement signed between the governments of Peru and the United States. President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori had announced before Congress the policy of fait accompli and the decision not to modify the anti-drug …
An anti-drug agreement is signed between the governments of Peru and the United States. President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori announces before Congress the policy of fait accompli and the decision not to modify the anti-drug agreement with the US. The Torres y Torres Lara Cabinet, in the Chamber of Deputies, absolves …
The World Confederation of Organizations of Professional Teachers (CMOPE) alleges a series of murders, arrests and acts of violence against teachers who were members of the Single Union of Education Workers of Peru (SUTEP) since the beginning of the strike on May 8, 1991. The repression of this strike resulted …
In July 1991, the Peruvian government declared a state of emergency in the education sector in response to the indefinite strike of SUTEP (Sindicato Unitario de Trabajadores en la Educación del Perú) which had been going on since May. The measure was taken in order to avoid jeopardizing the school …
By means of Legislative Decree 655, the government eliminated any monopoly or exclusivity by PETROPERU and its subsidiaries with respect to the commercialization of hydrocarbons. This measure is part of the structural reforms implemented by the government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori during 1991. The decree was issued within the framework …
The Executive issued 79 legislative decrees on different topics, although most of them dealt with national security. Among these decrees were the national mobilization law, the national defense system law, the national intelligence system law, regulations for the Armed Forces in areas not declared in emergency, the recognition of self-defense …
Alfonso de los Heros Pérez-Albela was appointed as the new president of the Council of Ministers during November 1991. This appointment took place in a context of growing tension between the Executive and the Congress, particularly due to the issuance of 126 legislative decrees by the government. The new cabinet …
Congress approved the General Budget Law for 1992 at the end of the first ordinary legislature in December 1991. However, President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori made 29 observations on 41 articles of the law sent by Congress on the last day of the year. By not enacting the law, the President …
The Executive Branch, in an unprecedented act, promulgates and publishes in the official gazette El Peruano the Annual General Budget Law, making observations to 15 of its 313 articles. This fact creates an unprecedented constitutional crisis by not fully enacting the law sent by Congress. By making these observations, the …
The Standing Committee of Congress authorized President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori's visit to Ecuador for talks with his counterpart, Rodrigo Borja Cevallos. The purpose of the visit was to discuss aspects that promote integration between both nations. This visit took place in a context of border tensions, since in October 1991 …
During an extraordinary legislature self-convened by the Congress, 28 bills were approved that modified or repealed legislative decrees previously issued by the Executive Branch. Among these bills were those related to national pacification, which were positively modified by the Parliament. President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori described the results of this extraordinary …
The government decrees law 25433, which modifies article 31 of the habeas corpus law. This modification regulates the power of the judge to suspend momentarily those acts that may constitute violations of constitutional rights and that have been judicially challenged. The decree is produced in the context of the Government …
On April 5, 1992, at 10:30 p.m., the Constitutional President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, with the support of the police, announces the dissolution of the National Parliament and the total reorganization of the Judicial Power, the National Council of the Magistracy (CNM), the Court of Constitutional Guarantees and the Public Prosecutor's …
On April 5, 1992, President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, with the support of the forces of law and order, announced the dissolution of the National Parliament and the total reorganization of the Judiciary. As part of this coup d'état, the president of the Senate, Felipe Osterling Parodi, and the president of …
On April 6, 1992, one day after the self-coup d'état perpetrated by President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, the new ministerial cabinet was sworn in under the presidency of Oscar de la Puente Raygada. This cabinet assumes functions within the framework of the so-called "Emergency and National Reconstruction Government", after the dissolution …
On April 6, 1992, one day after the coup d'état perpetrated by Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, the new cabinet was sworn in under the presidency of Oscar de la Puente Raygada. That same day, in the first session of the ministerial cabinet, the new president of the Council of Ministers read …
On April 21, 1992, Máximo San Román Cáceres was sworn in as constitutional president before members of the dissolved Congress of the Republic at the Lima Bar Association headquarters. The ceremony was attended by 44 of the sixty senators and 149 of the 180 deputies. This act took place after …
On April 21, 1992, the ad hoc commission of the Organization of American States (OAS) arrived in Lima and began interviews with representatives of the different political forces. This commission was sent after the meeting of OAS foreign ministers in Washington on April 13, where it was decided to "deplore" …
The Emergency and National Reconstruction Government presents its timetable for the full reestablishment of the constitutional and democratic order of the country. This presentation takes place in the context of the coup d'état of April 5, 1992, when President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori dissolved the Congress and reorganized the Judiciary. On …
In a message to the nation, President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori ratifies the government's decision to effectively face the fight against terrorism. He states that there will be life imprisonment for subversive leaders and organizers. In addition, he proposes faceless judges to protect the identity of the magistrates who hear these …
The government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori called for elections for a Constituent Congress, achieving a pro-government majority in the process. This call took place in the context of the self-coup of April 5, 1992, when Fujimori dissolved the National Congress and reorganized the Judicial Power. The aim of the Constituent …
The Congress approves with 47 votes in favor and 11 against the General Amnesty Bill (26479) which will benefit those sentenced for criminal acts during the fight against terrorism and the attempted coup of November 13, 1992. The law also includes acts of infidelity and insult to the nation and …
President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori promulgated Law 26492, which establishes as obligatory the application of the controversial Amnesty Law, whose bill has been supported by the majority of Congress. With this, Judge Antonia Saquicuray Sanchez's ruling on the inapplicability of the amnesty benefit for those involved in the Barrios Altos case …
The hostage crisis ends with the military intervention that achieves the release of the hostages kidnapped in the Japanese ambassador's residence. There are 17 victims: the member of the Supreme Court, Carlos Giusti Acuña; two officers of the EP; and the 14 MRTA subversives who assaulted the residence. After the …
Vladimiro Montesinos Torres and Alberto Fujimori Fujimori are interviewed on the television program La Revista Dominical. After the interview, the host of the program, Nicolás Lúcar de la Portilla, announces his resignation in a press conference saying 'I am not a good example'. This event evidences the influence of the …
Peace between Peru and Ecuador was consolidated when Presidents Alberto Fujimori Fujimori and Jamil Mahuad placed the last milestone on the border. However, the handing over of one square kilometer in Tiwinza does not convince many sectors, including high-ranking military officers and the population of Loreto. This act marks the …
The Peruvian presidential election of 2000 saw incumbent President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori receiving 49.9% of the vote, just shy of the majority needed to avoid a runoff. Alejandro Toledo, his main opponent, garnered 40.2% of the vote. The election was marked by controversy and allegations of electoral fraud, leading to …
The 2000 general elections are held. Several exit polls show the winner as the candidate of Perú Posible, Alejandro Toledo Manrique. However, as the quick count is carried out, the electoral results change, in such a way that President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori appears as the winner of the electoral race. …
In July 2000, President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori of Peru began his third presidential term. He appointed Federico Salas Guevara as the President of the Council of Ministers and Minister of Education. Fujimori outlined his administration's priorities for the next five years, focusing on strengthening democratic institutions and improving employment and …
Former presidential candidate Alejandro Toledo Manrique calls for a three-day mobilization called the March of the Four of His Own, in protest against the fraudulent re-election of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori. The first day passes peacefully with thousands of people mobilizing from different parts of the capital. On July 28, acts …
President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, at around 9:00 p.m. on September 16, announced his decision to call new elections, in which he would not participate, and the immediate deactivation of the SIN. This announcement follows the Kouri-Montesinos video scandal and marks the beginning of the end of the Fujimori regime.
Ollanta Moisés Humala Tasso, lieutenant colonel of the Peruvian Army Artillery and commander of the 501st Anti-Aircraft Artillery Group, revolted with his troops and demanded the resignation of President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori, whose government and authority as supreme head of the Armed Forces he considered illegitimate. This military uprising occurred …
Alberto Fujimori Fujimori travels to Asia from where he announces his resignation. On November 19, the president of the Council of Ministers, Federico Salas Guevara, officially and definitively confirms that the president of the Republic, Alberto Fujimori Fujimori Fujimori, will present his resignation before Congress. After the announcement, the Joint …
Congress approves the legislative resolution that declares Alberto Fujimori Fujimori's vacancy as President of the Republic due to his permanent moral incapacity. Valentín Paniagua Corazao, President of the Legislative Power, indicates that this 'may imply Fujimori's disqualification' to hold any political office in the future.
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