When Belaunde assumed the presidency of the republic in 1963, he promised to carry out a broad and resolute agrarian reform. However, the APRA-UNO opposition systematically put the brakes on this reform, achieving, by means of a statute of exception, that Law No. 15037 of May 19, 1964 did not …
Law No. 15037 of May 19, 1964 was enacted during the government of Fernando Belaunde Terry as part of his commitment to carry out a broad agrarian reform. However, the APRA-UNO opposition systematically put the brakes on this reform by achieving, through a statute of exception, that the law did …
In 1980, President Fernando Belaunde Terry restored freedom of the press in his first act of government. That same year, Sendero Luminoso made its first official appearance, initiating terrorist acts. The violence broke out in a period of democracy and free press, causing initial bewilderment in the media, which had …
On May 18, with the participation of 6,382,002 voters, the General Elections were held. Fernando Belaunde Terry of Acción Popular won with 46% of the presidential votes, followed by Armando Villanueva del Campo of the PAP with 28% and Luis Bedoya Reyes of the PPC with 10%. The leftist blocs …
In June 1980, shortly before Fernando Belaúnde Terry assumed the presidency, the outgoing military government of Francisco Morales Bermúdez enacted secret laws concerning the National Defense System. These laws ensured that military institutions retained significant control over defense matters, limiting the power of the incoming civilian government. The laws were …
In November 1980, the Peruvian government, under President Fernando Belaúnde Terry, formalized the return of media outlets to private ownership. This marked a significant shift from the previous military regime's control, which had expropriated television and newspaper companies in the early 1970s. The return to democracy allowed media outlets to …
On October 12, the government decreed a state of emergency in five of the seven provinces of Ayacucho (Huamanga, Huanta, Cangallo, La Mar and Víctor Fajardo) and suspended for sixty days the constitutional guarantees related to individual freedom and security. This was the first time a state of emergency was …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry declared for the first time a state of emergency in Ayacucho commanded by the FFPP through supreme decree 036-81-IN. The state of emergency was extended for sixty days to five Ayacucho provinces: Huanta, La Mar, Huamanga, Cangallo and Victor Fajardo. General GC Carlos Barreto Bretoneche assumed …
On October 12, 1981, one day after the assault on the El Tambo police post, the President of the Republic, architect Fernando Belaunde Terry, declared a state of emergency in five provinces of the department of Ayacucho: Cangallo, Huamanga, Huanta, La Mar and Víctor Fajardo. This situation implied the suspension …
The Council of Ministers declared a state of emergency in Lima and Callao for sixty days through Supreme Decree 036.82.IN. This measure was taken in the context of a growing wave of terrorist attacks by the PCP-SL both in the capital and in the interior of the country. Prime Minister …
In response to escalating terrorist activities by the Shining Path (PCP-SL), President Fernando Belaúnde Terry declared a state of emergency in Lima and Callao on August 20, 1982. Despite this measure, the violence continued, including a significant attack on a police post in Vilcashuamán on August 22, resulting in the …
The PCP-SL celebrated Abimael Guzmán Reinoso's birthday with simultaneous attacks in Lima and Ayacucho during December 1982. This wave of attacks was part of an escalation of violence that characterized the end of that year. The attacks occurred in a context of growing terrorist activity that led the Armed Forces …
On December 26, 1982, President Fernando Belaunde Terry issued an ultimatum to the Shining Path. This occurred in a context of escalating violence in Metropolitan Lima, where the PCP-SL had intensified its subversive actions. During that year there had been multiple attacks, including general blackouts in Lima and Callao due …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry issued an ultimatum to the subversives to surrender their weapons before the Armed Forces took control of the emergency zone. This ultimatum took place in the context of a growing wave of terrorist attacks, especially in Ayacucho, and preceded the decision of the Armed Forces to …
General EP Clemente Noel Moral assured that since December 29, 1982, a military tribunal had been constituted to deal with cases of alleged police and military excesses. This statement was made on January 17, 1983. The tribunal was established in the context of the assumption of internal control of the …
On December 31, 1982, the Armed Forces assumed internal control of the department of Ayacucho in the face of a growing wave of attacks. A total of 2,000 military troops took possession of the provinces declared in a state of emergency, starting with the rural areas. This decision was precipitated …
During the early 1980s, the Peruvian government, under President Fernando Belaúnde Terry, faced criticism for its handling of human rights violations amid the internal conflict with the Shining Path (PCP-SL). Despite reports from organizations like Amnesty International about extrajudicial killings by state security forces, the government largely ignored these allegations. …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry appointed the Investigation Commission of the Uchuraccay Events on February 2, 1983, chaired by writer Mario Vargas Llosa. This commission was created to investigate the murder of eight journalists on January 26, 1983 in the community of Uchuraccay. The commission presented its report a month later, …
The Investigation Commission of the Uchuraccay Events, presided over by writer Mario Vargas Llosa and appointed by President Fernando Belaunde Terry on February 2, 1983, held a community assembly in Uchuraccay. This commission was created to investigate the murder of eight journalists on January 26, 1983. During the assembly, the …
On February 18, 1983, the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP) held its traditional Fraternity Rally. This annual political event was a characteristic activity of the Aprista party during the period of Fernando Belaunde Terry's government. The rally took place in a political context marked by the subversive violence of the PCP-Sendero …
The Investigation Commission of the Uchuraccay Events delivered its report to President Fernando Belaunde Terry in a special ceremony held in the Government Palace at the beginning of March 1983. The Commission had been constituted on February 2, 1983 by Supreme Resolution Nº 0016-83-PCM, with the task of preparing a …
The Investigation Commission of the Uchuraccay Events, appointed by President Fernando Belaunde Terry on February 2, 1983 and presided over by writer Mario Vargas Llosa, presented its report one month after its creation. The commission was created to investigate the murder of eight journalists on January 26, 1983 in the …
On March 10, 1983, a 24-hour national strike was held in rejection of the economic policies of Fernando Belaunde Terry's government. This strike was successful and was the largest mobilization that had taken place in the two and a half years of the Belaunde government. The strike showed the generalized …
On March 10, 1983, a 24-hour national strike was held in rejection of the economic policies of Fernando Belaunde Terry's government. This strike was successful and represented the largest work stoppage that had taken place in the two and a half years of the Belaunde government. The protest reflected the …
In April 1983, Fernando Rincón resigned as Minister of the Interior. This resignation took place in a context of intense criticism of his administration, particularly due to the Uchuraccay massacre that took place in January of that year and the systematic human rights violations denounced during his term. Despite criticism …
On May 9, 1983, the National Defense Council met, presided over by the President of the Republic Fernando Belaunde Terry. In this meeting, the evolution of the counter-subversive struggle in the country was discussed. This meeting took place in a context of intensified political violence, particularly in the department of …
On May 11, 1983, the First National Agrarian Unitary Congress began, an event of great importance for the peasant sector of the country. During this congress, the participants severely criticized the agrarian policy of Fernando Belaunde Terry's government. This event took place in a context of growing protests and social …
On May 30, 1983, the Peruvian government decreed a state of emergency throughout the country for sixty days, suspending several individual guarantees. This measure was taken in view of repeated acts of sabotage at different points of the interconnected electrical system. Days before, on May 27, there had been a …
On May 30, 1983, the Peruvian government decreed a state of emergency throughout the country for sixty days. This measure was taken in view of repeated acts of sabotage at different points of the interconnected electrical system and the growing wave of terrorist violence. Several of the individual guarantees were …
On May 31, 1983, it was announced that inflation surpassed the three-digit mark for the first time in Peru's history, reaching 101.4% in the annual accumulated figure from May 1982 to May 1983. This economic milestone occurred in the context of a serious economic crisis that worsened during that year. …
General GC Juan Balaguer was appointed Superior Director of the Civil Guard on June 3, 1983. This appointment signified his return to that position after two years of absence. The appointment took place in a context of intense anti-subversive activity and reorganization of the police forces in the country. Balaguer's …
On June 12, 1983, President Fernando Belaunde Terry visited Ayacucho in a context of intense anti-subversive military activity. Previously, on June 11, General EP Clemente Noel Moral had declared in El Observador that "Ayacucho is living a war situation and the detainees are considered prisoners of war". During his visit …
On June 14, 1983, the Unitary Union of Education Workers of Peru (SUTEP) carried out a national strike that was described as successful. This mobilization took place in a context of growing social conflict and political violence in the country. The teachers' strike was one of the multiple union protests …
On June 27, 1983, the resignation of the Minister of Labor, Alfonso Grados Bertorini, during the government of Fernando Belaunde Terry, was confirmed. Later, in August of the same year, it was announced that Patricio Ricketts Rey de Castro was leaving the Ministry of Labor to move to the Ministry …
On July 28, 1983, President Fernando Belaunde Terry presented his annual message to the Congress of the Republic. In this speech, Belaunde Terry demanded the reestablishment of the death penalty, in the context of the escalation of political violence that the country was going through. This message was given in …
Amnesty International (AI) sent letters to President Fernando Belaúnde Terry pointing out that human rights violations and excesses were being committed in the anti-subversive struggle. The president rejected the letters on August 18, 1983, calling the institution 'communist' and declaring that the letters would go 'directly to the trash can'. …
On August 15, 1983, changes were announced in the ministerial cabinet of Fernando Belaunde Terry's government. Patricio Ricketts Rey de Castro left the Ministry of Labor to become Minister of Education. Joaquín Leguía assumed the Labor portfolio replacing Ricketts. These changes took place in a context of confrontations between the …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry publicly rejected the letters sent by Amnesty International (AI) that pointed out that in the anti-subversive struggle, excesses and human rights violations were being committed. Belaunde Terry not only described this institution as 'communist', but also declared that these letters would go 'directly to the trash …
On the night of September 22, 1983, the strike of the Federation of Bank Employees in Peru was resolved. The strike had lasted ten days, during which demonstrations were held. With the resolution of the labor conflict, banking services were resumed throughout the country. This event was framed in a …
The Minister of Fisheries, Fortunato Quesada Lagarrigue, appeared in the Chamber of Deputies to answer the interpellation presented by the aprista parliamentary cell. This interpellation took place in the context of the approaching municipal elections and was part of the parliamentary activities of supervision of Fernando Belaunde Terry's government. The …
The Congress of the Republic approved the General Budget of the Republic for the following year. This approval took place in a complex political and economic context, marked by the terrorist violence of the PCP-SL and the MRTA, as well as by a serious economic crisis. The Minister of Economy …
On December 30, 1983, three new ministers were sworn in to the cabinet of President Fernando Belaunde Terry. José Benavides Muñoz assumed the portfolio of Energy and Mines. FAP Lieutenant General Jose Zlatar Stambuck assumed the portfolio of Aeronautics. Ismael Benavides Ferreiros assumed the Fisheries portfolio. This ministerial change took …
The peasant sector initiated the II National Agrarian Strike in February 1984. This strike took place in a context of growing social mobilization that also included student protests that had culminated that same month. The agrarian strike was part of a series of sectoral mobilizations against the policies of Fernando …
On March 22, 1984, a national strike called by the National Popular Assembly was held, which was described as successful. This mobilization took place in a context of growing social and political conflict in the country, with multiple protests from different sectors. The strike generated violent repression by the forces …
During April 1984, a transportation workers' strike in Peru lasted 48 hours. This strike took place in a context of multiple social mobilizations that characterized that period, including strikes by the medical union and municipal workers. The transport workers' strike was part of a wave of labor protests that affected …
A motion of censure was presented in the Chamber of Deputies against the Minister of the Interior, Luis Pércovich Roca, due to the violent repression of the national strike that had taken place previously. This motion was presented in the context of growing criticism of the government's handling of the …
Senator Sandro Mariátegui Chiappe assumed the portfolio of Foreign Affairs on April 9, 1984, replacing the outgoing minister. This ministerial change took place in the context of Fernando Belaunde Terry's government, during a period of intense political and social crisis in the country. Mariátegui Chiappe would later also serve as …
On April 17, 1984, Tito Jaime, who was a coca growers' leader and provincial mayor of Leoncio Prado in the department of Huanuco, was assassinated. The event occurred in a context of intense political violence in the country, during the first government of Fernando Belaunde Terry. This assassination took place …
On April 23, 1984, a strike of municipal workers began in Peru. This strike took place in a context of intense social and labor unrest during the government of Fernando Belaunde Terry. The civil construction workers' movement joined other protests and strikes that characterized this period, including strikes in the …
A Congress of the Acción Popular (AP) party was held, in which the current led by Javier Alva Orlandini won. This internal political event of the governing party took place in a context of political and economic crisis, as well as the intensification of subversive violence in the country. The …
Premier Sandro Mariátegui Chiappe appeared before the Congress of the Republic to present his government plan. This presentation was made in the context of the political and social crisis that the country was going through during the government of Fernando Belaunde Terry. Mariátegui Chiappe had assumed the Foreign Affairs portfolio …
Alvaro Rey de Castro was provisionally appointed to a governmental position on May 8, 1984. This appointment was made as a replacement for another authority who left his post. The political context at the time included the presentation of Premier Sandro Mariátegui Chiappe before Congress to present his government plan. …
The television program Visión, hosted by César Hildebrandt Pérez-Treviño, was suspended by the government. The suspension occurred after the presence of the Minister of the Interior, Luis Pércovich Roca, in the program was frustrated. The measure was taken after the program broadcast two reports on the poor success of police …
On July 1, 1984, the General Command of the Peruvian Army issued an official communiqué denying the versions that were circulating about the possible removal of General Adrián Huamán Centeno from his position as political-military chief of the emergency zone. This statement came two days before Huamán Centeno, accompanied by …
After the increase in terrorist actions in June 1984, EP General Adrián Huamán Centeno, accompanied by EP General Óscar Brush Noel, met with President Fernando Belaunde Terry on July 2, 1984. Two days earlier, on July 1, the General Command of the Peruvian Army had issued a communiqué denying versions …
On July 6, 1984, an Official Communiqué was published in which the President of the Republic Fernando Belaunde Terry and the members of the Joint Command of the Armed Forces analyzed the new measures to be taken against narcoterrorism. The communiqué gave instructions to eradicate narcoterrorism with the participation of …
The Minister of the Interior, Luis Pércovich Roca, publicly stated that the government had not considered it convenient to implement a state of siege in the country. This statement came after an Official Communiqué was published on July 6 in which the President of the Republic Fernando Belaunde Terry and …
The Peruvian government decided to extend for thirty days the state of emergency throughout the country, which included the suspension of constitutional guarantees. This measure was taken after the Minister of the Interior, Luis Pércovich Roca, stated that it had not been considered convenient to implement the state of siege. …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry denounced that Peru was the focus of an international conspiracy. This denouncement included accusations about the narcotics trade and the importation of counterfeit money in favor of terrorism. The statement was made in a context of escalating terrorist violence in the country. This allegation was part …
The Minister of the Interior, Luis Pércovich Roca, made public statements in which he considered that there was an "intimate collaboration between the Italian mafia dedicated to drug trafficking and the terrorism practiced in the country". This statement was part of the government's narrative that sought to link terrorism with …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry described terrorism as 'narco-terrorist mafia' on September 16, 1984. This statement came days after the Minister of the Interior, Luis Pércovich Roca, considered on September 6 that there was an 'intimate collaboration between the Italian mafia dedicated to drug trafficking and the terrorism practiced in the …
Luis Pércovich Roca resigned as Minister of the Interior on October 12, 1984. He was replaced in the Interior portfolio by General EP Óscar Brush Noel. Pércovich had been a controversial figure during his tenure, being criticized by leftist sectors who accused him of promoting dirty war methods. His departure …
On November 29, 1984, a national strike was called by the General Confederation of Peruvian Workers (CGTP) and the National Unitary Command of Struggle (Comando Nacional Unitario de Lucha). This strike took place in a context of intense political violence and escalation of the internal armed conflict in the country. …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry enacted the law creating the Glass of Milk program in all municipalities of the country. This law established a nationwide social program aimed at providing supplementary feeding through the distribution of milk. The program was implemented at the municipal level throughout Peru. It was enacted during …
During 1985 and 1986, in the government of Dr. Alan Garcia Perez, a Peace Commission functioned and made a critical evaluation of the indiscriminate policy of the first years of the conflict implemented by the previous government of President Fernando Belaunde Terry. Initial energy was shown in the face of …
The Peruvian government created the Inti as the country's new monetary unit. This economic measure came into effect on February 1, 1985, during the administration of President Fernando Belaunde Terry. The creation of the Inti was part of the economic policies implemented in a context of economic crisis and political …
The Minister of the Interior, General EP Óscar Brush Noel, publicly revealed the existence of a black list containing names of potential victims of the PCP-SL (Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path). This revelation took place in a context of escalating political violence in the country, during the last …
The government approved the regulation of the teacher's law during the government of Fernando Belaunde Terry. This regulation established several aspects related to the rights of teachers in the country. Among the most important aspects, the regulation stated that teachers have the right to free unionization. This measure took place …
On June 5, 1985, the outgoing government of President Fernando Belaúnde Terry enacted Law 24150, which regulated the powers of the Military Political Command in areas declared under a state of emergency. This law granted military authorities significant control over political and judicial matters, a move that was not opposed …
On June 5, 1985, Legislative Decree 24150 was enacted, establishing norms to be complied with in states of exception (or emergency) in which the Armed Forces assume control of internal order, in all or part of the territory. This legislative decree regulated the states of emergency and the attributions of …
Leonor Zamora, mayor of Ayacucho, was arrested by court order on charges of misappropriation of funds and against the duties of office. The detention was ordered by a judge. This event occurred during the month of July 1985, in the context of the transition from the government of Fernando Belaunde …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry publicly denounced that Peru was the focus of an international conspiracy. This conspiracy, according to the president, included the narcotics trade and the importation of counterfeit money in favor of terrorism. The denunciation was made in a context of escalating terrorist violence in the country and …
On January 29, 1988, Fernando Belaunde Terry, Luis Bedoya Reyes and Mario Vargas Llosa laid the foundations for the constitution of the Democratic Front (FREDEMO). This political alliance brought together Acción Popular (AP), the Partido Popular Cristiano (PPC) and the Movimiento Libertad. FREDEMO was officially constituted on April 14, 1989, …
On January 29, 1988, Fernando Belaunde Terry (leader of Acción Popular), Luis Bedoya Reyes (leader of the Partido Popular Cristiano) and Mario Vargas Llosa (leader of the Movimiento Libertad) laid the foundations for the constitution of the Frente Democrático (FREDEMO). This political alliance brought together AP, PPC and Movimiento Libertad …
On April 14, 1989, the Democratic Front (FREDEMO) was officially constituted when its leaders subscribed the bases of the common government plan. This political alliance was made up of Acción Popular (AP), the Partido Popular Cristiano (PPC) and the Movimiento Libertad. The leaders who signed the agreement were Fernando Belaunde …
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