Complete database of events related to the internal armed conflict in Peru, extracted from the Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (CVR). 5,159 events documented from 1817 to 2003.
The senatorial commission on pacification presents a harsh balance sheet on the social cost of political violence in the country during 1991. This report was presented in the context of intense confrontations between the Executive Branch and the Congress, particularly on issues of national pacification and legislative decrees. The balance …
The Executive Branch, in an unprecedented act, promulgates and publishes in the official gazette El Peruano the Annual General Budget Law, making observations to 15 of its 313 articles. This fact creates an unprecedented constitutional crisis by not fully enacting the law sent by Congress. By making these observations, the …
On 24 December 1991, the MRTA (Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement) executed the second Toma de Juanjui as part of their 'Fernando Valladares Military Campaign'. This campaign aimed to criticize the economic and political conditions imposed by the government of Alberto Fujimori. The MRTA also conducted simultaneous incursions in Tarapoto, Saposoa, …
In the early 1990s, grassroots organizations in Lima, particularly those involved in community kitchens, faced intimidation and discrediting campaigns by Sendero Luminoso. These campaigns targeted leaders like María Elena Moyano, who was a prominent figure in the Federation of Women of Villa El Salvador. The actions were part of a …
On December 22, 1991, the former mayor of Huamanga, referred to as L.Z.C., was assassinated in Ayacucho, Peru. The incident occurred near the Plaza de Armas, as the victim was leaving a social event at the 'Wari Club'. The assassination was carried out by an individual named 'Carrión', who shot …
Óscar de la Puente Raigada assumed the Ministry of Education on December 12, 1991, in the context of ministerial changes during the government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori. This appointment took place at a time of political tension between the Executive and the Congress, with multiple legislative decrees being issued and …
On December 3, 1991, Hory Chlimper Halfin, a principal shareholder of Farmaindustria and Droguerías Kahan, was kidnapped by members of the MRTA. The abduction occurred at his workplace in Lince, Lima, as he was intercepted by armed assailants. The kidnappers used multiple vehicles and weapons to execute the operation, and …
In late 1991, the MRTA (Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement) attempted a significant operation to take over the town of Pichanaki in the Chanchamayo province of Peru. Despite deploying all available resources and personnel, the operation was unsuccessful. Subsequently, in January 1992, a nearby MRTA camp was destroyed by the Peruvian …
At the end of 1991, the army installed a military base in Pausa, capital of the province of Paucar del Sara Sara. This military installation took place very late compared to other areas of Ayacucho, due to the late arrival of violence in this province. From this military base in …
The Group of Analysis concluded its functions with the presentation of a counter-subversive manual by Lieutenant Colonel Rodríguez Zabalbeascoa on November 18, 1991. This presentation led to a presidential commendation for the group, which included various military officers. The commendation was partly due to an exposition on the situation of …
In Campanilla, drug traffickers operated openly with the protection of armed guards and the complicity of military officials. On November 9, 1991, a national aircraft took off carrying drugs, highlighting the organized nature of the operations. Corruption extended to high-ranking military officials, including Commander Arias Córdova, who facilitated the transport …
On November 7, 1991, Johny Acha Rafael was murdered and his body was found in a sack in a place called Jardín Azul. The incident was widely reported in international media, including CNN and France Presse, and led to public denunciations. Following the denunciations, local leaders and the community faced …
At 10:30 p.m. on the night of November 3, 1991, a bizarre massacre took place on Huanta Street, located half a block away from the 26th Comandancia de la Plaza Italia in Lima. In this attack, 16 people were killed and four others were seriously wounded. The event occurred in …
In November 1991, 37 peasants were massacred in the district of Santo Tomás de Pata, province of Angaraes, department of Huancavelica. The victims included women, the elderly and children. This event was part of the context of political violence that affected the country during the internal armed conflict. The massacre …
In November 1991, the Peruvian government issued 126 legislative decrees, with 29 of them being promulgated in the final days of the authorized period. These decrees, particularly those related to national pacification, exceeded constitutional limits and increased military powers, leading to tensions between the executive and legislative branches. Despite attempts …
In November 1991, the Peruvian government promulgated 79 legislative decrees, primarily focused on national security. Among these, Decree 699 and its complement, Decree 700, were particularly controversial as they pertained to the educational system. These decrees allowed the military to play a significant role in educational matters in emergency zones, …
In response to the violence and terrorism affecting San Juan de Lurigancho, a large march for peace and development was organized on October 27, 1991. This event was a significant demonstration against terrorism, with participants carrying banners denouncing violence and promoting the value of life. The march was part of …
In October 1991, Bishop Cipriani wrote an article addressing the issue of violence in Peru and the role of the Church in achieving peace. He proposed measures such as moralizing the judiciary and police, ensuring security for judges, and regulating the state of emergency. Cipriani emphasized the Church's role in …
On September 14, 1991, in the settlement of Juan Pablo II, community leaders Fortunato Collazos Crispín and Alfredo Aguirre Berrocal were assassinated by the Shining Path (PCP-SL). This event occurred amid heightened tensions and accusations of terrorism against local leaders, as the PCP-SL had increased its presence in the area. …
On 6 September 1991, the Peruvian Army established a base in Raucana, Lima, as part of a military intervention to counter subversive activities. A large contingent of soldiers surrounded the town, announcing their presence as a civic action. The intervention was marked by a public demonstration against terrorism, with local …
Rosa Pretell, the supervisor of the women's boarding school at the UNE, was assassinated on September 4, 1991. The crime was claimed by the PCP-SL, who accused her of collaborating with the military by providing information about the students. This event highlights the tensions and dangers faced by individuals perceived …
In September 1991, the Destacamento Colina, an elite military group, was formed under the command of Teniente Coronel EP Fernando Rodríguez Zabalbeascoa. This group included sub-officials who had previously encountered issues with military justice. The formation was ordered by the command of the Peruvian Army, with the group initially operating …
In September 1991, a bomb exploded at a FEPOMUVES storage center in Villa El Salvador, Peru, destroying food supplies meant for community kitchens. The attack was publicly attributed to the Shining Path (PCP-SL) by María Elena Moyano, although the group denied responsibility. The incident highlighted internal conflicts and suspicions of …
In September 1991, a group of 169 Asháninkas from the community of Cutivireni were forcibly displaced due to repeated attacks by the Shining Path (PCP-SL). With the assistance of Father Mariano Gagnon, they were airlifted to the Urubamba Valley, where they found refuge with the Matsiguenga community of Kiriketi. This …
On 21 August 1991, following a violent mobilization by the residents of Raucana to prevent a judicial eviction order, local leaders captured three intelligence agents infiltrated in the area. The agents, Captain PNP César Basauri García, Captain EP Luis Vílchez Vera, and Sub-officer EP Richard Carles Talledo, were held for …
The country's military chiefs met with representatives of human rights organizations. The objective of the meeting was to deploy joint efforts to prevent the situation of violence from worsening in the country. This meeting took place in a tense context, after a 104-day teachers' strike that ended on August 23. …
On August 13, 1991, presumed terrorists attacked a restaurant in Niñobamba, Peru, killing its owner, Raúl Jaico. The attackers looted the establishment, set it on fire, and planted explosives, effectively demolishing the site. This incident was linked to the activities of the PCP-SL, as indicated by intelligence reports.
On August 9, 1991, members of the Shining Path (PCP-SL) assassinated two Polish priests, Miguel Tomaszek and Zbigniew Strzalkowski, along with local officials, including the mayor Justino León Maza, in the area known as 'Pueblo Viejo'. The attackers left signs with communist symbols and slogans on the bodies. The following …
On the night of August 9, 1991, approximately 15 members of the Shining Path (PCP-SL) attacked the district of Pariacoto in the province of Huaraz, Ancash, Peru. The attackers, armed and masked, detained local authorities and two Polish priests, Miguel Tamaszek and Zbigniew Strzalkwski. The priests and the mayor were …
On August 9, 1991, two Franciscan priests, Zbigniew Strzalkowski and Michel Tomasek, were abducted by members of the Shining Path from their parish house in Pariacoto, Peru. They were taken to a location near the cemetery and executed. This event was part of a series of violent acts against the …
On August 9, 1991, two Polish Franciscan priests, Michel Tomaszek and Zbigniew Strzalkowski, were assassinated by a group of Shining Path militants in Pariacoto, Ancash, Peru. This attack was part of a broader campaign by the Shining Path to intimidate and undermine the influence of the Catholic Church in Peru …
The La Cantuta Massacre refers to the abduction and murder of nine students and a professor from La Cantuta University in Lima, Peru, in August 1991. This event was part of a series of human rights violations during the internal conflict in Peru, involving state forces and insurgent groups. The …
In August 1991, a ceremony was held at the SIE maintenance workshop attended by high-ranking military officials, including generals and intelligence officers. During the ceremony, a new emblem was presented, symbolizing the intelligence and operational groups within the SIE. The Colina Detachment was formed in memory of Captain EP Colina …
In August 1991, Santiago Martin Rivas and Carlos Pichilingüe Guevara developed the Plan Cipango, ostensibly to guide the Army Intelligence's operations against subversive elements. However, it is believed to have served as a cover for the activities of the Grupo Colina death squad. The plan's operational areas coincided with locations …
In August 1991, a military truck was attacked within a university in Peru during a period of military intervention. The incident was part of a broader context of political resistance by the PCP-SL, who sought to leverage student dissatisfaction with military presence. Despite the attack, the resistance was primarily political …
In August 1991, two Polish priests, Michael Tomaszek and Zbigniew Adan Strzalkowski, were murdered by members of the Communist Party of Peru (PCP-SL) in Pariacoto, Ancash. Shortly after, on August 25, 1991, Italian priest Alessandro Giusseppi Dordi Negroni was also killed by the same group near Chimbote. These events highlighted …
By means of Legislative Decree 655, the government eliminated any monopoly or exclusivity by PETROPERU and its subsidiaries with respect to the commercialization of hydrocarbons. This measure is part of the structural reforms implemented by the government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori during 1991. The decree was issued within the framework …
During August 1991, three opposition political groups held their party congresses in Peru. The organizations that held these events were Confluencia Socialista, the Partido Aprista Peruano (PAP) and the Movimiento Libertad. These congresses took place in a political context marked by tensions between the Executive and the Congress, as well …
On July 31, 1991, Peru promulgated a new Penal Execution Code as part of a broader penal reform in the early 1990s. This code was intended to replace the 1984 code, but unlike its predecessor, it was never regulated, leading to a lack of general norms and the proliferation of …
In 1991, the U.S. Congress expressed grave concerns over human rights violations in Peru under President Fujimori's government. Despite the U.S. Executive's belief in progress on human rights and anti-narcotics efforts, Congress highlighted ongoing issues, citing reports of disappearances and violations. A letter to President George Bush criticized the Peruvian …
On July 19, 1991, a military commando conducted a covert operation at the home of university professor Francisco Solier García, resulting in the assassination of Solier, his wife, and his son. The operation employed firearms with silencers, a method characteristic of anti-subversive operations by the military. Testimonies suggest that Solier …
On July 19, 1991, University of Ayacucho professor, engineer Francisco Sollier, was murdered along with his wife, son and nephew in Huamanga. The bodies of the four victims were found in a mine shaft on July 4, although the report mentions this date of discovery after the date of the …
Luis Antonio Morales Ortega, a well-known journalist, was murdered on July 13, 1991, in Ayacucho, Peru. Five days later, on July 18, 1991, Celestina Huallanca Hinostroza, a witness to the murder, along with her family, was killed in their home. The murders are believed to be connected to her status …
The 'Acuerdo político nacional para la pacificación' was signed during a meeting at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Peru. This agreement was part of a peace initiative convened by the President of the Council of Ministers, Carlos Torres y Torres Lara. Various political parties and movements participated in this …
In 1991, the Shining Path (PCP-SL) planned an attack on the city of Tingo María, using Naranjillo as their base. The attack was scheduled for 16 July, coinciding with the local festival of the Virgen del Carmen. However, the Peruvian army, alerted by local informants, preemptively intervened, thwarting the attack …
On 16 July 1991, the PCP Sendero Luminoso prepared an attack on the city of Tingo María. However, due to a warning from a local rondero, the Army was able to prepare and successfully confront the attack. The confrontation resulted in forty deaths, including subversives, civilians, and five soldiers.
The assassination of a journalist in Ayacucho was meticulously planned and executed with alleged support from high-ranking military officials. Surveillance on the journalist began on May 14, 1991, and the operation was carried out by a team of four individuals. The mission was to eliminate the journalist by July 13, …
Luis Morales Morales was killed on July 13, 1991, in Ayacucho, Peru. The incident involved an attack where Morales was shot five times with a .38 caliber revolver. The attackers fled the scene in a white Toyota or Datsun vehicle, as detailed in intelligence reports and corroborated by police records.
On July 11, 1991, Viviano Hilario Mancha discovered the semi-buried body of his grandson, Héctor Hilario, along with other unrecognizable bodies at the entrance of the 'Misteriosa' mine. The initial attempt to recover the bodies was thwarted by the military, who detained a group of villagers assisting the authorities. Witnesses …
In 1991, the community of Santa Bárbara experienced a military incursion where a group of villagers was kidnapped and subsequently killed by dynamite at the Misteriosa mine. This event marked the beginning of the end of the conflict in the area, as continuous military patrols and self-defense actions nearly eradicated …
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