In 1971, around a thousand families, consisting of migrants and residents from the slum areas of central Lima, occupied state and private lands on the Primero de Mayo hill in Pamplona. The government, led by General Juan Velasco Alvarado, relocated these settlers to a large sandy area 26 kilometers south …
In 1991, María Elena Moyano, a municipal authority and community leader in Villa El Salvador, Peru, opposed forming an alliance with the police and military to combat the PCP-SL (Shining Path). Despite pressure from both the local government and the military, Moyano publicly denounced the PCP-SL while refusing to collaborate …
During the period 1991-1992, the PCP-SL intensified a process of threats, intimidation and selective assassinations against leaders of popular women's organizations, mainly in Lima and Callao. The PCP-SL considered these organizations as opposition forces that impeded the development of their plans in the city. Among the leaders assassinated were Juana …
In 1991, María Elena Moyano, a prominent leader of the Federation of Women (FEPOMUVES), faced attacks from the newspaper El Diario, which accused her and the organization of being revisionist and manipulative. The situation escalated when a bomb was placed at the FEPOMUVES headquarters, prompting a swift response from the …
On June 23, 1991, the PCP-SL assassinated Alejandro Magno Gomez, prefect of the district of Villa El Salvador and member of Cambio 90, the ruling party. This was the first act of a campaign to intimidate and eliminate local authorities in the district. After this assassination, local authorities, particularly Mayor …
Juana López was assassinated in Callao in August 1991, in the context of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive against leaders of grassroots organizations. Her murder occurred in the midst of a wave of violence against women leaders that intensified in mid-1991. This crime was part of a series of murders and …
In September 1991, a bomb exploded at a FEPOMUVES storage center in Villa El Salvador, Peru, destroying food supplies meant for community kitchens. The attack was publicly attributed to the Shining Path (PCP-SL) by María Elena Moyano, although the group denied responsibility. The incident highlighted internal conflicts and suspicions of …
In September 1991, a bomb exploded and destroyed one of the collection centers of FEPOMUVES (Popular Federation of Women of Villa El Salvador), where the organization stored food for distribution to soup kitchens. This attack was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to dismantle the most important social organizations and destroy …
In September 1991, a bomb exploded at a FEPOMUVES supply center in Villa El Salvador, Peru, where the organization stored food for community kitchens. María Elena Moyano accused the PCP-SL of the attack, but the group denied involvement, instead accusing her of orchestrating the bombing to cover up resource misuse. …
In November 1991, the March 'Against Hunger and Terror' took place, led by the leaders María Elena Moyano and Emma Hilario, among others. This march took place in a context of intensified threats and attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against the leaders of women's grassroots organizations. The march was an …
In the early 1990s, grassroots organizations in Lima, particularly those involved in community kitchens, faced intimidation and discrediting campaigns by Sendero Luminoso. These campaigns targeted leaders like María Elena Moyano, who was a prominent figure in the Federation of Women of Villa El Salvador. The actions were part of a …
The assassination of María Elena Moyano by the Shining Path represented an extreme situation due to the degree of cruelty of the SL and the fragility of the popular organizations that confronted it at the beginning of the 1990s. This assassination was emblematic of the violence against popular leaders.
In early 1992, Villa El Salvador experienced a series of violent incidents attributed to the Shining Path (PCP-SL), including attacks on police officers and local leaders. On February 9, 1992, Máximo Huarcaya was elected president of APEMIVES, allegedly with PCP-SL support, leading to tensions within the community. María Elena Moyano …
María Elena Moyano, a prominent community leader and activist, was assassinated by the Shining Path (PCP-SL) in 1992. Her death led to increased tension and fear among community leaders, as the Shining Path sought to undermine trust in local leadership by accusing them of corruption. Following Moyano's death, Ester Flores, …
A powerful bus-bomb was launched against the facade of the Villa El Salvador municipality, destroying part of it, the police station, the Popular Communication Center and dozens of neighboring houses. The attack occurred in the context of the PCP-SL's escalation of violence in the district, after the assassination of María …
February 9, 1992 marked a turning point in Villa El Salvador. Four days after the Huarcaya victory, there was an emergency meeting in the Industrial Park to discuss the situation. The PCP-SL had decreed an armed strike in Lima for the following day, February 14. At this meeting, María Elena …
On February 10, 1992, an elderly watchman was murdered in Villa El Salvador by the Shining Path PCP. After the murder, a sign was placed on him with the inscription "Así mueren los soplones" ("This is how informers die"), as a warning to the population. This event occurred in a …
On February 12, 1992, a neighborhood leader was shot at the door of his house in Villa El Salvador. This attack occurred in a context of increased violence by the Shining Path PCP in the district, where days earlier a worker and an elderly watchman had been murdered. The attack …
On February 14, 1992, a package of 500 grams of dynamite was placed at the door of the house of the former mayor of the district of Villa El Salvador, Michel Azcueta. This attack occurred on the same day that the PCP-SL had decreed an armed strike in Lima, and …
On February 14, 1992, the day the Shining Path PCP called an armed strike, María Elena Moyano, president of the Women's Federation (FEPOMUVES), called a March for Peace in Villa El Salvador. This march was an act of direct resistance against Shining Path violence in the district. During that same …
On February 14, 1992, the seventh armed strike called by the PCP-SL took place. This strike was preceded by a week of violent actions that began on February 7, including the explosion of a bomb at SUNAT, a car bomb at the U.S. Embassy, and the brutal assassination of neighborhood …
On February 14, 1992, María Elena Moyano, a prominent community leader and president of the Federation of Women of Villa El Salvador, was assassinated by the Shining Path (PCP-SL) during a period of heightened violence in the area. The assassination occurred on the same day the Shining Path had called …
On February 15, 1992, María Elena Moyano, a prominent community leader in Villa El Salvador, Peru, attended a fundraising event organized by the Comité del Vaso de Leche. Despite threats from the PCP-SL, she was determined to support her community. During the event, an assassination attempt was made on her …
The assassination of María Elena Moyano on February 15, 1992, led to significant unrest in Pachacamac. In response to the murder, the Peruvian Army established a military base in the area, which was met with fear and suspicion by the local population. The Shining Path (PCP-SL) capitalized on this fear, …
The leader of the Popular Federation of Women of Villa el Salvador and deputy mayor of the district María Elena Moyano was brutally assassinated by the Shining Path. This event shocked public opinion, marking a milestone in what until then had been the resistance to the advance and harassment of …
In March 1992, the executive committee of CUAVES and the "District Struggle Committee" - a Shining Path front group - mobilized hundreds of people to protest, demanding the dismissal of Mayor Johny Rodriguez "for promoting the militarization of VES". This mobilization occurred shortly after the assassination of María Elena Moyano …
The Sixth Convention of CUAVES (Comunidad Urbana Autogestionaria de Villa El Salvador) was held in August 1992 in a context of intense violence and pressure from the Shining Path PCP on the neighborhood organizations of Villa El Salvador. This convention was overrun by the subversive organization, which represented a significant …
In September 1992, the Shining Path PCP detonated a bomb that destroyed one of the food collection centers of the soup kitchens of FEPOMUVES (Popular Federation of Women of Villa El Salvador), presided over by María Elena Moyano. This attack was part of an escalation of violence by the PCP-SL …
Pascuala Rosado was intercepted and assassinated by a PCP-SL elimination squad near the Mercado de la Av. 15 de Julio. After being shot in the forehead, an explosive was placed on her body, which detonated shortly after. The attack was similar in execution to the assassination of María Elena Moyano, …
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