1992
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1992
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Statement of Julio Rodriguez Cordova before the Permanent Court on the detention and rape of Maria Magdalena Monteza Benavides
EP Lieutenant Colonel Julio Alberto Rodríguez Córdova testified before the Second Permanent Court of the Army's Second Judicial Zone about the detention operation of María Magdalena Monteza Benavides on October 30, 1992. In his statement, Rodriguez Cordova affirmed that he had authorization from the Command to carry out the operation …
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Assassination Attempt on Pedro Huilca
On December 18, 1992, members of the Sendero Luminoso, a Maoist insurgent group, attempted to assassinate Pedro Huilca, the Secretary General of the CGTP, a major Peruvian labor union. The plan involved stealing a vehicle and using explosives, but was thwarted when two members of the group were arrested by …
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Assassination of CGTP General Secretary Pedro Huilca
Pedro Huilca, General Secretary of the CGTP (General Confederation of Peruvian Workers), was assassinated on December 18, 1992. This crime occurred in a context of extreme violence in Lima, where the subversive groups Sendero Luminoso and MRTA had intensified their terrorist actions. Huilca's murder was part of a series of …
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Promulgation of the Law on Apology for Terrorism by Teachers in Peru
On November 26, 1992, the Peruvian government under President Alberto Fujimori enacted decree law 25880, which criminalized the act of teachers making an apology for terrorism. This law targeted educators accused of promoting the ideology of the Shining Path (PCP-SL) in schools, particularly in Lima. The law led to a …
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Call for a Constituent Congress
The government of Alberto Fujimori Fujimori called for elections for a Constituent Congress, achieving a pro-government majority in the process. This call took place in the context of the self-coup of April 5, 1992, when Fujimori dissolved the National Congress and reorganized the Judicial Power. The aim of the Constituent …
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Arrest in Magdalena district
The declarant was detained on November 18, 1992 in the district of Magdalena, Lima. This case is part of the testimonies compiled by the CVR on detentions during the internal armed conflict. The detention occurred in the context of operations against subversion in the capital during 1992. The testimony documents …
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Anti-terrorism legislation: treason against the homeland
Alberto Fujimori's government enacted anti-terrorist legislation that made it a crime of treason to justify terrorism. This measure was part of a set of anti-terrorist laws implemented during 1992, in the context of the Emergency and National Reconstruction Government established after the April 5 self-coup. The legislation was part of …
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Attempted Military Coup Against Fujimori
On November 13, 1992, a group of retired and active military officers attempted a coup against President Alberto Fujimori in Peru. The coup was organized by retired generals Jaime Salinas Sedó, José Pastor Vives, and Ernesto Obando, among others. Although Fujimori briefly left the government palace, the coup was quickly …
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Formation and Actions of Rondas Campesinas in Peru
In response to insurgent activities, the Peruvian government formalized the use of armed civilian defense groups, known as rondas campesinas, through legal decrees. These groups, sometimes formed autonomously and other times under military pressure, played a significant role in counterinsurgency efforts. Notably, in Tulumayo and Andamarca, these groups expelled and …
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Assassination of Colonel Manuel Alberto Tumba
On 5 November 1992, Colonel Manuel Alberto Tumba, a key figure in the DINCOTE and involved in the capture of Abimael Guzmán, was assassinated by a specialized detachment of the PCP-SL. This targeted killing was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to eliminate police officers and dealt a significant blow to …
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Murders in Zarin
On November 5, 1992, a group of hikers entered the town of Zarin, in the province of Sanchez Carrion (Huamachuco) at night. During this incursion, the PCP-SL selectively assassinated three local authorities: the Judge, the Governor and the Mayor of the town. This attack was part of the Shining Path's …
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María Magdalena Monteza Benavides transferred to DINCOTE after detention and torture
On November 3, 1992, four days after her initial detention by military personnel from the Intelligence Department of the 1st Division of the Army's Special Forces, María Magdalena Monteza Benavides was handed over to the National Directorate against Terrorism (DINCOTE). During her previous detention in military facilities, Monteza was subjected …
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Assassination Attempt on PNP Commander in Surquillo
In November 1992, a special detachment from the Zona Sur agreed in San Juan de Miraflores to plan an assassination attempt on a PNP Commander from the Surquillo station. The operation was in retaliation for the commander's involvement in the capture of President Gonzalo. The plan involved a tactical operation …
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Medical Examination and Human Rights Investigation of María Magdalena Monteza Benavides
In November 1992, María Magdalena Monteza Benavides underwent a series of medical examinations by the National Police of Peru and the Institute of Legal Medicine. These examinations revealed recent contusions and signs of past trauma. The case highlights the procedures and findings related to potential human rights violations, including possible …
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Ninja" case
The 'Ninja Case' involved the murder of eight drug traffickers in Balsayacu, San Martin, on October 28, 1992. The perpetrators, including Captain José Penas Sandoval and Lieutenant Werner Huamaní Tipismana, committed the crime to steal 300 kilos of drugs. This event highlights the intersection of military personnel and drug trafficking …
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Massacre in Sincos
On October 21, 1992, a massacre occurred in Sincos, Jauja district, in which 8 people were killed. According to the report, the victims could have been students from the National University of Central Peru (UNCP). This event took place in the context of 1992, when violence reached its highest peak …
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Abimael Guzmán's Shift in Strategy and Peace Negotiations
On October 20, 1992, Abimael Guzmán, the leader of the Shining Path, called for peace negotiations with the Peruvian government from his cell on Isla San Lorenzo. Despite his public call to continue the armed struggle, Guzmán had privately shifted his stance, seeking to end the conflict through a peace …
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Massacre in Huayao
On October 18, 1992, a massacre occurred in the community of Huayao, resulting in the deaths of 47 people. The attack left 50 children orphaned and numerous families devastated. The perpetrators, identified as terrorists, also stole livestock and destroyed homes, leaving the community in ruins.
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Capture of Martha Huatay Ruiz
Martha Huatay Ruiz, head of Socorro Popular and member of the Metropolitan Lima Committee of the PCP-SL, was captured. Her capture is part of the disarticulation of the Shining Path structure in Lima after the capture of Abimael Guzman.
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Attack by Sendero Luminoso in Huayao
On October 12, 1992, members of the Sendero Luminoso attacked the village of Huayao. Several villagers were killed, including women and children, through shootings, stabbings, and explosions. Survivors recounted the brutal violence and the loss of their loved ones during testimonies to the Truth Commission.
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Negotiations Between Abimael Guzmán and Alberto Fujimori
In October 1992, Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, sent letters to President Alberto Fujimori to negotiate a peace agreement. The first letter was made public during Fujimori's presentation at the United Nations on October 1, 1992, and initially seemed to bolster Fujimori's political standing. However, a second letter …
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Attack on Mayor Johnny Rodríguez in Pachacamac
On 19 September 1992, Mayor Johnny Rodríguez was attacked by presumed members of the Shining Path while investigating land registration in Pachacamac, an area with significant Shining Path presence. Although Rodríguez survived the attack, a local resident named David Velásquez was killed. The incident highlighted the ongoing influence and violence …
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Formation of the Ronda Campesina of Chongos Alto
On 15 September 1992, the Ronda Campesina of Chongos Alto was formed with Zenón Lapa Campuzano as its president. The Peruvian Army organized and trained 1586 ronderos from 17 communities in Alto Canipaco in military tactics and weapon handling to patrol and maintain order in the region. This initiative was …
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Capture of Abimael Guzmán and Key Members of PCP-Sendero Luminoso
On September 12, 1992, the Special Intelligence Group (GEIN) of the Counter-Terrorism Directorate (DIRCOTE) successfully captured key figures of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, including its leader Abimael Guzmán Reynoso, also known as 'Presidente Gonzalo'. This event marked a significant blow to the subversive group, leading to the initiation of their VI …
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Kidnapping and Murder of David Armando Ballón Vera
David Armando Ballón Vera, a prominent mining engineer and businessman, was kidnapped and subsequently murdered by members of the MRTA on 11 September 1992. The incident occurred while he was driving his vehicle in the district of Surquillo, Lima. The assailants used an ambulance to intercept his vehicle, forcibly removed …
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Capture of Abimael Guzmán and its Impact on Forced Disappearances
Following the capture of Abimael Guzmán Reynoso, the leader of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, in September 1992, there was a notable decrease in reported cases of forced disappearances by state agents in Peru. This decline was attributed to the disbanding of the Sendero Luminoso organization and the implementation of anti-terrorism legislation …
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Arrest of Abimael Guzman
The arrest of Abimael Guzmán, leader of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, occurred in September 1992. This event marked a turning point in the internal armed conflict, although the PCP-SL maintained military capacity to develop actions against the population and the forces of law and order in the central region even after …
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Capture of Abimael Guzmán and Peace Negotiations
In September 1992, Abimael Guzmán, the leader of the Shining Path (PCP-SL), was captured. Following his capture, Guzmán requested peace negotiations with the government of President Alberto Fujimori, signaling a potential end to the internal armed conflict in Peru. This marked a significant shift in the dynamics of the conflict, …
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Sexta Convención de la CUAVES and PCP-SL Influence
The Sixth Convention of CUAVES was marked by significant political tension as the municipal government accused the CUAVES leadership of collusion with the PCP-SL. Despite losing its central role, CUAVES remained symbolically important, and its takeover by PCP-SL demonstrated the group's growing influence in VES and across Lima. This event …
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Formation of the First Autonomous Ronda Campesina in Rodiobamba
On 17 August 1992, the first 'Ronda Campesina, Pacífica, Solidaria, Democrática y Autónoma' was organized in Rodiobamba, Cajamarca. This initiative was a response to the pressures from the PCP-SL and aimed to end the subversive violence in the region. The formation of this round marked a significant moment of citizen …
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Supreme Resolution N°114-92 on visits to inmates on terrorism charges.
Supreme Resolution No. 114-92, enacted on August 14, 1992, approved the Regulations for Visits to inmates for the crime of Terrorism. This regulation was part of the set of decree laws issued after the coup d'état of April 1992, which established a restrictive legal framework for persons accused or convicted …
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Decree Law No. 25659 creating the crime of treason.
Decree Law No. 25659 of August 13, 1992 created the crime of treason, denaturalizing its traditional conception and limiting it to a legal denomination of the aggravated type of the crime of terrorism. The law established that treason is committed by those who use car bombs, explosive devices or weapons …
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Decree Law N°25660 modifying the Code of Criminal Procedure
Decree Law No. 25660 was enacted on August 13, 1992, modifying Article 136° of the Code of Criminal Procedure. This norm was part of the anti-terrorist legislation enacted after the coup d'état of April 1992. The decree was framed in a context of expanded police and military powers for the …
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Capture of Abimael Guzmán and the PCP-SL Leadership
On 12 August 1992, Peruvian police forces successfully captured Abimael Guzmán, the leader of the Shining Path (PCP-SL), along with key members of the organization's Central Committee. The operation took place in a house located in the Urbanización Los Sauces, Surquillo, after months of surveillance. This event marked a significant …
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Kidnapping of Hory Chlimper
Hory Chlimper was kidnapped and held for seven months in harsh conditions that affected his physical health. He was released on August 4, 1992, after his family complied with the kidnappers' demands, which included distributing food in Lima's poor neighborhoods and paying a large sum of money. The kidnapping was …
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Military Offensive Against MRTA in San Martín
In August 1992, the Huallaga Front launched a systematic military offensive against the MRTA in the San Martín region of Peru. The offensive, led by General Eduardo Bellido Mora, aimed to win over the local population through social works and establish armed civil defense patrols. The campaign culminated in the …
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Creation of the crime of treason
In August 1992, the Peruvian Executive Branch created the crime of treason through anti-terrorist legislation. This crime punished with life imprisonment the leaders or leaders of subversive groups or those who participated in or collaborated with the carrying out of attacks through the use of explosive or similar materials. This …
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The Influence of PCP-SL in VES and the Sixth Convention of CUAVES
In August 1992, the Sixth Convention of CUAVES in Villa El Salvador was heavily influenced by the PCP-SL, a Peruvian insurgent group. The convention, which was marked by political violence and manipulation, saw the PCP-SL exert significant control, leading to the removal of Roque Quispe as secretary general. The event …
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Murder of authorities in Inchupalla
On Sunday, July 29, 1992, a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso raided the district of Inchupalla, province of Huancané, department of Puno. During this action, the subversives killed four local authorities and a child. This attack was part of an upsurge of subversive violence in Puno during 1991 and 1992, …
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Detention of Samuel Dyer Ampudia
On the night of 27 July 1992, Samuel Dyer Ampudia was detained at the Jorge Chávez Airport in Lima, Peru, while attempting to board a flight to Miami. The detention was carried out by Major PNP Migdonio Torres Aliaga under orders from Colonel PNP Víctor Arcila Dupp, despite Dyer having …
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Detention and Abuse in Lima, Peru
On July 23, 1992, an individual was detained in the district of San Martín de Porres, Lima, Peru. The detainee reported experiencing severe abuse, including attempted sexual violence, during their detention at the DINCOTE. The incident highlights the human rights violations occurring in Peru during this period.
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National Strike and Mobilization by Peruvian Labor Unions
On July 21, 1992, a national strike and mobilization were organized by four major labor unions in Peru, led by Pedro Huilca Tecse and other union leaders. The workers demanded the government engage in dialogue with labor unions, social organizations, and political parties, and called for the repeal of Decree …
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March for Peace in Miraflores
The March for Peace was called by the municipality of Miraflores in response to the simultaneous attacks that occurred during the trekking escalation of July 1992. The march was attended by the Minister of Economy, members of the Executive and former parliamentarians. This event took place a few days after …
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Disappearance of La Cantuta students
On July 18, 1992, students from the Enrique Guzmán y Valle National University of Education, known as La Cantuta, disappeared. This event occurred in a context of intensifying political violence in the country, a few months after the self-coup of April 5, 1992. The disappearance occurred during the period of …
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Assassination of La Cantuta University Students
On July 18, 1992, a group of university students from La Cantuta were assassinated. These students were accused of being terrorists by intelligence agents and military troops stationed at the university. This event occurred amidst a broader military intervention in universities perceived as centers of subversive activity.
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Explosion in Tarata Street
On July 16, 1992, a car bomb exploded on Tarata Street in the Miraflores district of Lima. This attack occurred in a context of intensifying violence in the capital, where the subversive groups Sendero Luminoso and MRTA increased their actions by carrying out continuous attacks against public and private entities. …
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Tarata Bombing in Miraflores
On 16 July 1992, a devastating car bomb exploded on Tarata Street in the commercial center of Miraflores, Lima, Peru. The attack, orchestrated by the Shining Path (PCP-SL), resulted in the deaths of 23 people and injured over 100 others. This event was part of a broader campaign of violence …
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Tarata Bombing and Subsequent Attacks in Lima
On July 16, 1992, a car bomb exploded on Tarata Street in the Miraflores district of Lima, Peru, killing 20 people and injuring 132. This attack was part of a series of violent actions carried out by the Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) as part of their campaign to destabilize the …
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Tarata Street Bombing
On July 16, 1992, the Shining Path (PCP-SL) orchestrated a car bombing on Tarata Street in the Miraflores district of Lima, Peru. The attack involved a Datsun vehicle loaded with approximately 400 kilos of dynamite and ANFO, which exploded at around 9:20 PM, causing significant destruction to residential buildings. This …
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Formation of Self-Defense Groups in Huaycán
In 1992, amidst rising crime and insecurity, the community of Huaycán formed a self-defense group led by Pascuala Rosado. On July 15, 1992, over 300 men and women took an oath to protect their community through mixed patrols. Despite these efforts, violence and fear persisted, with several leaders being assassinated, …