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Between January 15 and 25, 2003, interviews were conducted with representatives of the Regional Association of Indigenous Peoples of the Central Jungle (ARPI) and the Asháninka Emergency Commission (CEA) in the city of Satipo. These interviews were part of the TRC's fieldwork to document the effects of the internal armed …
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission made its third visit to the Asháninka area of the Central Jungle between November 19 and December 9, 2002. This visit was part of a series of four visits made on three separate dates to interview villagers and authorities of the Asháninka communities. The objective …
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission made its second visit to the Asháninka area of the Central Jungle between October 10 and 29, 2002. This was part of a total of four visits made on three separate dates to interview villagers and authorities of the Asháninka communities. The objective was to …
In order to interview residents and authorities of the Asháninka communities and discuss with them the results of the reports, four visits were made to the area on three separate dates. The first visit was carried out from September 16 to 29, 2002. The study focused on the areas that …
On December 12, 1999, an armed confrontation took place in Alto Sonaveni, district of Satipo, province of Junin, between peasant ronderos and militants of Sendero Rojo (PCP-SL faction). During the confrontation, two ronderos were shot and wounded. This incident occurred in the context of the residual presence of the PCP-SL …
On November 28, 1999, there was an armed confrontation between members of the Peruvian Army and militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the area of Alto Sanoven, district of Satipo. The combat resulted in the death of 2 military personnel and 4 subversives. This confrontation occurred in the context of …
Oscar Ramírez Duran, known as 'Feliciano', a Shining Path leader of the PCP-SL, was captured in July 1999. His capture represented a definitive blow to the PCP-SL in the central jungle, which until then had maintained a presence on the left bank of the Ene river basin, from where it …
Oscar Ramirez Duran Feliciano, subversive leader of the Shining Path PCP, was captured in July 1999. His capture represented a significant blow to the subversive columns operating under his command. This mobility of the subversive forces was definitively lost with his arrest. Ramirez Duran had led actions in the central …
After its defeat in the Mantaro valley in 1989, the MRTA retreated to the province of Chanchamayo where it managed to rebuild its ranks. During the period up to 1998, the subversive group engaged in constant confrontations with military patrols in which deaths were recorded on both sides. Gradually, the …
The National Directorate of the MRTA made the decision to execute a commando-type military action in the city of Lima with the objective of freeing its militants. A little more than a dozen members of the MRTA special forces, operating in the central jungle, were intensively trained for several months …
On January 24, 1996, in San Martin Pangoa, a district in the province of Satipo in Junin, there was a confrontation between ronderos and militants of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. During this confrontation, the PCP-SL killed three ronderos. This event occurred in the context of the final phase of the internal …
On July 27, 1995, an armed confrontation took place between the Peruvian Army and alleged subversives in Pichanaki, province of Satipo, department of Junin. The confrontation resulted in the death of 12 alleged subversives. This event took place in the context of the military offensive against the remnants of subversive …
On January 17, 1995, an armed confrontation took place between members of the Peruvian Army and presumed MRTA subversives in the Boca Tigre sector, located between Satipo and Pichanaki in the department of Junín, killing two presumed MRTA subversives. This confrontation took place in the context of the military offensive …
In 1995, the United Nations Commissioner for Refugees, Francis Deng, visited the Asháninka area in the central jungle of Peru. The purpose of his visit was to raise international awareness of the grave humanitarian situation faced by the Asháninka people as a result of the internal armed conflict. This visit …
Beginning in 1995, the majority of displaced families began to return to the sites of their original communities in the central jungle. The return process had officially begun on September 17, 1994, as part of a campaign promoted by the government and the Armed Forces. However, many of those who …
Beginning in 1995, land and river transit began to be regularized, which had been interrupted for several years due to the internal armed conflict. This transit normalization process took place in the context of the return of displaced families to their original communities in the central jungle, a process that …
In 1995, the United Nations Commissioner for Refugees, Francis Deng, visited the Asháninka area to report on their situation. That same year, the National Human Rights Coordinator published a report on the disappearance of Asháninka communities. During the internal armed conflict, out of 55,000 Asháninka, nearly 10,000 were forcibly displaced …
In 1995, the Puerto Ocopa patrol or Self-Defense Committee, which had been created on its own initiative in 1991, sought independence from the colonist patrol command led by Natalio Sánchez. Until then, this Asháninka round had been under the direct dependence of the Army and the colonist patrols, which caused …
A policeman was killed by a grenade during a terrorist attack in Puerto Bermudez. The attack occurred in the context of the presence of subversive groups in the Oxapampa area, particularly the MRTA, which had been active in the Puerto Bermudez district since the late 1980s. By 1994, violence in …
On September 17, 1994, the process of returning displaced families in the central jungle officially began as part of a campaign promoted by the government and the Armed Forces. However, it was not until 1995 that the majority of displaced families began to return to their original communities. Many had …
On July 14, 1994, the MRTA carried out an ambush in La Merced, Chanchamayo province, Junin department. In this attack, two policemen were killed by the subversives. This event occurred in the context of the final phase of the internal armed conflict in the central jungle, when the MRTA still …
Between June and July 1994, the Shining Path PCP killed around seventy natives of the Quenteroni community. The victims were people the subversives considered useless for work or for the war, including children, the sick and the elderly. This act of extreme violence occurred in the context of the war …
On May 29, 1994, there was an armed confrontation between State forces and the MRTA in San Juan Boca Tigre, Chanchamayo province. The event is mentioned in the context of the confrontations that took place during 1993-1994 in the central jungle, a period in which MRTA subversive activity continued on …
In 1994, the inhabitants of the settler community of Selva de Oro, Rio Tambo district, who had crossed the Ene River fleeing the military offensive, left the area where they were located with the consent of the subversive commanders of the PCP-SL. The villagers had been living in extreme conditions …
In 1994, CART (Central Asháninka del Río Tambo) was reactivated after years of violence in the Central Jungle. This indigenous organization managed to reorganize and held its VII Congress that year. The reactivation of CART was part of a broader process of restructuring of indigenous organizations that began to function …
In 1994, the residents of the Tahuantinsuyo community decided to return to their community under pressure from the Mazamari Army. The military threatened to put other people on their land if they did not return. This return took place in the context of the consolidation of the defeat and dismantling …
On November 7, 1993, a confrontation took place in La Merced between law enforcement forces and presumed MRTA subversives. During the confrontation, two presumed MRTA subversives were killed and an officer of the Peruvian National Police was wounded. This confrontation occurred in the context of the last year of intense …
On September 20, 1993, the Peruvian government denounced to the UN the massacre committed by the PCP-SL in the Tsiriari valley. This denunciation was made two days after the news of the massacre, which occurred on August 18, 1993, was disseminated by several media outlets. The Congress of the Republic …
On Friday, August 20, 1993, two days after the massacre perpetrated by Shining Path columns in the Tsiriari valley, the villagers who had survived by hiding in the bush finished burying the dead. Four villagers who arrived from Mazamari helped them in this task. On Thursday, August 19, the villagers …
On Thursday, August 19, 1993, one day after the massacre perpetrated by Shining Path columns in eight communities of the Tsiriari valley, the villagers who had managed to hide in the bush came down to warn the Army from the Mazamari base about the events that had occurred. The massacre …
On August 19, 1993, the PCP-SL attacked the town of Kivinaki in La Merced, Chanchamayo. The subversives killed 8 people with machetes during the attack. The soldiers repelled the subversive attack, causing 2 dead and 4 wounded in the ranks of the PCP-SL. This event occurred in the context of …
On August 18, 1993, three Shining Path columns, each composed of approximately 70 settlers and natives, entered eight communities in the Tsiriari valley (six colonists and two Asháninka). The massacre began around 4:00 p.m. in the Nomatsiguenga Tahuantinsuyo community, where twenty-one people were killed, including children, men and women. The …
On August 18, 1993, around 4:00 p.m., a group of hikers arrived in the Nomatsiguenga Tahuantinsuyo community as part of a coordinated incursion of three hiker columns into eight communities in the Tsiriari valley. The murders were committed with bladed weapons: arrows, machetes and others were hanged with pitas. Twenty-one …
On August 18, 1993, three groups of alleged hikers, between one hundred and three hundred men, women and children, settlers and natives, entered seven communities in the Tsiriari valley. The communities attacked were Monterrico, San Isidro, Sol de Oro, Union Cubaro, San Francisco de Cubaro and Santa Isabel (colonists) and …
In August 1993, some 200 subversives of the Shining Path PCP, among them natives, attacked the communities of Santa Isabel, Monte Rico, Jerusalén, San Isidro, Tahuantinsuyo and Irriari in the central jungle. During the assault, in addition to murdering the authorities and teachers of these communities, the subversives committed acts …
In August 1993, three groups of between 100 and 300 people, composed of subversives and masa (settlers and natives of all ages), attacked seven communities in the Tsiriari valley. During these assaults they killed 36 settlers and 21 natives, totaling 57 fatalities. The attackers took food, household goods, medicines and …
In February 1993, the commanders of the 'Wacapu' and 'Vista Alegre' base committees in Otica, named Maximo and Javier, coordinated the escape of both groups from Shining Path control. The escape took place on a Sunday morning at 3 o'clock in the morning. During the escape, Javier found his brother …
Between 1993 and 1995, the number of Asháninkas rescued from the PCP-SL grew significantly as a result of the intensification of the counter-subversive struggle. Joint operations between the Army and the ronderos in the Tambo and Ene river valleys made it possible to free thousands of Asháninkas who had been …
The native community of Tahuantinsuyo, located in the district of Mazamari in the Central Jungle, was the victim of a massacre in 1993 during the internal armed conflict. This community was selected as a case study by the CVR Report along with Cushiviani to document the effects of violence on …
In 1992, Captain Carlos Méndez commanded soldiers from the Satipo base who entered the community of Cushiviani for any suspicious act, including meetings where construction work was being coordinated with FONCODES. In 1992, Luzmila was invited by Captain Méndez to say goodbye. Shortly thereafter, in 1993, the Army withdrew from …
Approximately 150 MRTA subversives attacked the Pichanaki police post on May 18, 1992. The attack resulted in 1 sinchi killed and 3 wounded. This action was part of MRTA's strategy to carry out major operations in the central jungle, after having unsuccessfully attempted to take Pichanaki in December 1991 and …
On May 1, 1992, around 100 MRTA subversives attacked and destroyed the counter-subversive base of Villa Rica in Oxapampa. This attack was carried out in the context of the anniversary of their defeat in Molinos and represented a major action by the MRTA after its reconstitution. The success of this …
On January 12, 1992, there was a violent confrontation between ronderos and subversives in Tarmatambo, La Merced district, Chanchamayo province. The combat resulted in the death of 8 ronderos and 5 subversives. This confrontation occurred in the context of the intensification of violence in the central jungle during 1989-1992, a …
In January 1992, one of the MRTA camps was located in the district of Mazamari and was destroyed by the Peruvian Army. Nine subversives were killed in the operation. This event occurred in the context of the reconstitution of the MRTA after its defeat in Molinos in 1989 and after …
By 1992, the rift between Luzmila's family and the AC family had worsened in the Yavirironi community. Conflicts intensified because the AC family quickly took up the Army's proposal to form Self-Defense Committees, forming the Yavirironi patrol. Soldiers from the Satipo base, under the command of Captain Carlos Méndez, would …
Between 1992 and 1993, the number of Asháninkas who attempted or succeeded in fleeing the Popular Committees controlled by the PCP-SL increased significantly. The Asháninkas rejected the living conditions in these committees, which functioned as concentration camps with forced labor, strict schedules, rigorous rules of conduct and loss of individual …
During 1991 and 1992 there were strong and continuous confrontations between the PCP-SL and the rondas or Asháninka self-defense committees in the Central Jungle. The year 1991 was the turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the region, when the Armed Forces together with the organized Asháninka population initiated …
The MRTA, having reconstituted itself after its defeat at Molinos in 1989, decided to carry out large-scale actions. On December 1, 1991, it attempted to take the town of Pichanaki but failed. This failure was followed by other setbacks for the organization in the area. In January 1992, one of …
On October 28, 1991, the ronderos of the Pitatos community kidnapped leader Lidia López along with six other members of her family, including several children. According to newspaper reports at the time, the ronderos were acting on orders from military leaders. This kidnapping occurred in the context of multiple reports …
After suffering multiple PCP-SL attacks since 1988, including raids, looting, kidnappings of youths and assassinations of opponents, the Cutivireni Asháninkas who had not joined the subversive group fled to the bush, to a high part of the valley called Tzibokiroato. In September 1991, a group of 169 Cutivireni Asháninka were …