Books & Articles
2 documents in Truth and Reconciliation Commission - Peru
Tag
militarización
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Between Two Fires. NGOs, Rural Development and Political Violence
The title of this book metaphorically summarizes the problem of Peruvian civil society, caught between two fires and with increasingly limited space to organize and express itself. Fear and indifference …
Showing 1–2 of 2 documents
Timeline Events 27
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Establishment of Military Base in Villa El Salvador
The brutal acts of the PCP-SL and its growing presence in local organizations forced the Armed Forces to establish a Military Base within VES, near the Zonal Park and Pachacamac. The military base was established with the supposed purpose of protecting district authorities and certain leaders threatened by the PCP-SL, …
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Militarization of the province
Due to the intense violence in the area, the army militarized the province. In response to the escalation of actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, the Peruvian state installed three military bases in strategic locations in the province of Barranca. This militarization was part of the counter-subversive strategy implemented in the …
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New Defense System Law
In July 1992, the government of Alberto Fujimori enacted a new Defense System Law that granted broad powers to the military in the counter-subversive struggle. This legislation was part of a series of measures adopted after the self-coup of April 5, 1992, when Fujimori dissolved Congress and intervened in the …
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Mobilization against Mayor Johny Rodriguez
In March 1992, the executive committee of CUAVES and the "District Struggle Committee" - a Shining Path front group - mobilized hundreds of people to protest, demanding the dismissal of Mayor Johny Rodriguez "for promoting the militarization of VES". This mobilization occurred shortly after the assassination of María Elena Moyano …
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Establishment of military base at UNCP
In 1992, a military base was established in the UNCP university cafeteria, at the entrance to the campus. The military intervention was carried out peacefully, and the troops proceeded to clean and paint the walls. The base remained for many years until it was removed when Javier Valle Riestra became …
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Authorization for the Armed Forces to enter prisons
In 1991, during the government of Alberto Fujimori, Legislative Decree 734 was enacted authorizing the Armed Forces to enter prisons. The government considered that the subversion had control of the penitentiary centers, mainly the Miguel Castro Castro prison.
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Murder of Fortunato Collazos Crispín and Alfredo Aguirre Berrocal
On September 14, 1991, on the eve of the anniversary of the Juan Pablo II human settlement, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso assassinated two neighborhood leaders: Fortunato Collazos Crispín, deputy secretary general, and Alfredo Aguirre Berrocal, secretary of press and propaganda. These murders were part of the Shining Path's strategy to take …
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Installation of Army military base in Raucana
On September 6, 1991, the Army installed a military base in the Raucana Human Settlement, which remained in place until the year 2000. This military installation put an end to the organization of daily life that the PCP-SL had established in the settlement since its founding on July 28, 1990. …
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Enactment of Legislative Decree 741 and Legalization of the Counter-Subversive Patrols (Rondas Contrasubversivas)
At the end of 1991, the Peruvian government enacted Legislative Decree 741, which legalized the counter-subversive patrols, known as CAD, as community self-defense organizations. This decree was promoted by President Alberto Fujimori, who sought to strengthen peasant participation in the fight against insurgency. Although the decree was seen by some …
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Militarized intervention of La Cantuta
In 1991, the militarized intervention of the National University of Education (La Cantuta) took place, as part of a series of military operations in national universities perceived as centers for indoctrination and even military training of subversive cadres. This intervention generated a wave of repression on the part of the …
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Installation of military bases in Huaycán and Raucana
In 1991, military bases were installed in Huaycán and Raucana as part of the Peruvian State's counterinsurgency strategy. In Raucana, the Army installed a military base on September 6, 1991, which was maintained until the year 2000, militarizing and socially controlling daily life among the population. This organization of daily …
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Declaration of a state of emergency in Puno
In October 1990, several highland provinces were declared in a state of emergency. The measure seemed to be the end of the already weakened Third Way and at the same time rekindled fears that Puno would become another Ayacucho. In the face of this declaration, there was no mobilization similar …
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Foundation of the La Estrella/Raucana Human Settlement
On July 28, 1990, coinciding with the national anniversary and the date of the change of government, the Human Settlement was founded under the name of 'La Estrella'. Since its foundation, the PCP-SL tried to direct the destiny of the settlement, which was finally baptized as 'Felix Jorge Raucana' in …
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Third national mining strike
The third national mining strike began on August 14, 1989, in compliance with the mandate of the Second Ordinary National Congress of the FNTMMSP held in June of that year. This mining protest took place in a heavily militarized environment, with repressive measures that included the militarization of the camps …
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Second armed strike in Central Region
The PCP-Sendero Luminoso called a second armed strike in the Central Region for July 27, 28 and 29, 1989. This measure was carried out in the context of the third national mining strike that would begin on August 14, 1989, and was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to generate conditions …
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Quillacocha Military Base Installation
In November 1986, a military base was installed in Quillacocha, located in Cerro de Pasco. This installation was part of the Peruvian State's military strategy to control subversive activity in the mining region of the central highlands. The base was established in a context of increasing Shining Path activity in …
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The mining sector in the central region has gone through the worst period of the year.
Between 1986 and 1989, the mining sector in the central region of Peru experienced its most bloody period. This period was characterized by the intensification of political violence that seriously affected mining workers and the sector's economic activity. The violent actions of the PCP-SL caused millions of dollars in losses …
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Militarization of Socorro Popular
Socorro Popular (called SoPo in PCP-SL documents) was an organization of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path that had a very complex structure. After its militarization in 1986, it came to displace the Metropolitan Committee in importance, managing to expand without ceasing to fulfill its initial functions in …
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Declaration of a State of Emergency and entry of the army into the Huallaga region
In 1984, a State of Emergency was declared and the army entered the upper Huallaga jungle. This measure was taken in the context of growing violence related to drug trafficking and the presence of subversive groups. The militarization of the area marked a change in the State's security strategy, although …
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Entry of the Armed Forces into the conflict in Ayacucho
Since the beginning of 1983, the war intensified in Ayacucho with the entry of the Armed Forces into the conflict. Militarization coincided with the implementation of the so-called 'dirty war', characterized by the use of indiscriminate violence, extrajudicial executions, rapes, disappearances and arbitrary detentions. The Armed Forces acted with ethnic …
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Declaration of State of Emergency under military control in Ayacucho
On December 29, 1982, by means of Supreme Decree Nº068-82-IN, the Constitutional Government entrusted the control of internal order to the Armed Forces and conferred Political-Military authority to the military chief. Thus, the Government reintroduced the institution of the Political-Military Command. This decision determined a profound change in the strategy …
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Entry of the Armed Forces to Ayacucho
The first 450 Army reinforcements were sent to Ayacucho and the three battalions that had been barracked were deployed. On December 29, the entry of the Armed Forces in the fight against subversion was made official. The Marine Infantry also entered. With the establishment of the Political Military Command (CPM), …
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Armed Forces are in charge of the counter-subversive struggle in Ayacucho.
In December 1982, the Armed Forces (FFAA) were charged with conducting the counter-subversive struggle in the department of Ayacucho. This event marked a crucial turning point in the Peruvian internal armed conflict. From that moment on, there was a notable escalation of violence, especially from 1983 onwards, reaching its highest …
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Entry of Armed Forces to Ayacucho
At the end of 1982, violence became more acute. It was in this context that the central government authorized the entry of the Armed Forces into Ayacucho and a scenario of militarization began. The entry of the armed forces and the installation of the political-military command will radically change life …
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Installation of military base in Castrovirreyna
In October 1982, a military base was installed in the province of Castrovirreyna, department of Huancavelica. The objective of this military base was to control the mining centers in the area, specifically Caudalosa Grande, Caudalosa Chica and San Genaro. The installation of this base was part of the Peruvian State's …
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Declaration of emergency in Ayacucho
Ayacucho was declared a state of emergency in 1981, which marked the beginning of military intervention in the region. Since this declaration, complaints against the police forces and especially against the Sinchis have multiplied. This rejection became more acute after the murder in the general hospital of Ayacucho of three …
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First Military School of the PCP-SL
In April 1980, the Central Committee of the PCP-SL held the first Military School in Jicamarca, Chaclacayo. This school was personally directed by Abimael Guzmán, maximum leader of the PCP-SL. The main objective of this military school was to develop the militarization of the party and to prepare for the …