4 documents in Truth and Reconciliation Commission - Peru
Various sources agree that it was 200 to 250 Shining Path members who last weekend seized for five hours the nearly defenseless district of Aucayacu, with 15,000 inhabitants, in the …
New Shining Path directives: intensify work in universities, higher institutes, and night schools. "Overcoming the bend in the road" alludes to Guzmán's speech made from the cage. In one week …
39 peasants from a remote jungle village, Canaire in the department of Ayacucho, have been massacred by Sendero Luminoso. The killing was apparently in retaliation for the village's efforts to …
After nearly a decade in Peru, with two constitutional governments elected by clear majorities, the second is preparing to hold new elections, amid a loss of popularity; a severe economic …
Showing 1–4 of 4 documents
Since April 1995, there has been a crisis of proportions in the Huallaga basin for various reasons: the overstocking of cocaine in international markets, the self-supply of coca leaf and PBC by groups in Colombian territory, and the effects of aerial interdiction. The price of a bushel of coca fell …
In May 1991, Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori signed a framework agreement with the United States, allowing the Peruvian Armed Forces to participate in anti-narcotics operations. This agreement expanded the military's role in controlling coca-growing and drug trafficking areas, such as Alto Huallaga, despite constitutional restrictions. The police, weakened by years …
In 1991, the mayor of Tocache, Fredy Aliaga, was assassinated along with a coca growers' leader. This assassination occurred in the context of the advance of the Shining Path PCP in the region, where the subversive organization was forming popular committees in different towns in the provinces of Bellavista and …
During the second stage of the Shining Path's presence in Ucayali (1988-1992), the PCP-SL took up the defense of coca leaf cultivation as a slogan. The Shining Path militants, taking advantage of their status as professors, stirred up the spirits of the coca growers in the province of Padre Abad …
During 1988, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) consolidated its presence in Ucayali by assuming as its slogan the defense of coca leaf cultivation. The Shining Path militants, taking advantage of their status as professors, stirred up the spirits of the coca growers in the province of …
Between 1988 and 1989, the PCP-SL (Shining Path) began its armed incursions into the hamlets of the province of Padre Abad involved in the defense of coca leaf cultivation. These incursions were part of the second stage of the Shining Path's presence in Ucayali, when they assumed the defense of …
Between 1986 and 1987, at the height of the boom in the links between coca leaf producers and drug-trafficking buyers, the Shining Path columns intensified their actions in Apurímac. This intensification would help, according to PCP-SL claims, to enter a new and superior stage called 'strategic balance'. This second stage …
From 1986 to 1992, the PCP-SL had control of the Alto Huallaga area, subordinating coca growers and drug traffickers to its interests, and overcoming all counter-subversive operations by the armed forces and police. During this period, the PCP-SL imposed its social order through a catalog of laws that regulated the …
In July 1985, the Marine Corps withdraws from the Apurimac River Valley and is replaced by the Army. This withdrawal occurs after the DECAS (Defensa Civil Contrasubversiva) and the army were on the offensive until mid-1985, while the PCP-SL was in retreat. The change of forces occurred at the height …
During the first stage (1984-1987), the PCP-SL established itself clandestinely in the province of Padre Abad. The militants took advantage of their status as teachers to exacerbate the spirits of coca farmers and encourage them to initiate an unrestricted struggle in defense of coca leaf cultivation, which was already their …
Between 1984 and 1986 there was a boom in the price of coca and its illicit derivatives in the Apurímac River Valley. This economic phenomenon coincided with a period of intense violence in the area, when the Shining Path was in full retreat in the face of the advance of …
Between 1983 and 1985, the PCP-SL proceeded to install its own authorities, with varying degrees of clandestinity, in most of the rural hamlets from Tulumayo to Yanajanca. Within these places, the PCP-SL's popular committees controlled coca leaf cultivation, regulated the purchase/sale of PBC (cocaine base paste) and, in places where …
The first subversive action recorded in Alto Huallaga occurred in 1983 against the facilities of the Control and Reduction of Coca Cultivation in Alto Huallaga (CORAH) project, located in Tingo Maria. This attack marked the beginning of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso's actions in the Alto Huallaga region. The PCP-SL sought to …
The PCP-SL appeared in Alto Huallaga in 1982, initiating a slow work of recruitment and indoctrination of the peasantry. Its strategy consisted of trying to eliminate the State and impose its own forms of social regulation in the area. The first recorded subversive action occurred in 1983 against the installations …
In early 1982, advance groups of the PCP-SL began visiting communities along the left bank of the Huallaga River from Venenillo to La Morada and Huamuco. These groups would gather the villagers, tout their politics and announce the new rules that the villagers would have to abide by if they …
In 1982, thousands of coca farmers from regions such as Chinchao, Monzón, Leoncio Prado, Tocache, and Padre Abad gathered in Tingo María to initiate an indefinite strike. Their main demand was the resumption of legal coca trade through the Empresa Nacional de la Coca (ENACO), following a government prohibition that …
In 1981 there was a coca growers' strike in Aucayacu that marked the first public presence of the PCP-SL in the area. Inhabitants of Aucayacu and municipal authorities of that time identified this strike as the event in which a hidden presence of the PCP-SL was voiced and felt for …
In 1981, the PCP-SL appeared in Alto Huallaga, taking advantage of the climate of social chaos created by drug trafficking. They presented themselves as the executioner of a corrupt and inefficient bureaucratic state and assumed the supposed defense of the interests of the coca growers, who were being attacked by …
In 1981, the PCP-SL (Shining Path) appeared in Alto Huallaga, taking advantage of the climate of social chaos created by drug trafficking. They presented themselves as the executioner of a corrupt and inefficient bureaucratic state and assumed the supposed defense of the interests of coca growers, who were being attacked …
In 1980, Paraíso experienced an unexpected burst of drug trafficking boom that transformed a purely rural spot into a bustling, affluent town. Coca cultivation had appeared in 1978, but only two years later it became a drug trafficking center. The transformation attracted people not only from all parts of the …
The presence of the PCP-SL in Alto Huallaga did not begin to be felt until 1980-81, approximately six years after the beginning of the drug boom in the area. The Shining Path cadres would have initiated their party's political work in the countryside taking as their cause the defense of …
Operation Verde Mar I was a forced coca crop eradication operation carried out in 1979 in the Alto Huallaga region. This operation resulted in a failure that alienated the coca grower from the State. The failure of this operation, together with the subsequent Operation Green Sea II (1981) and other …
Paraíso was colonized between 1969 and 1973, first by a group of Piuranos and then by families of Ancashinos affected by the Yungay earthquake. Most of the initial settlers decided to leave, leaving only 20% of the original group. It was not until 1978 that coca cultivation appeared in the …
Until 1975, coca leaf production in Alto Huallaga was mainly destined to supply the traditional demand. Its main consumers were the peasants of Huánuco, Cerro de Pasco, Junín and Andean migrants in Lima and other departments of the northern coast. The business was profitable and many coastal and highland traders …