The state colonization of Pichari in the 1960s and the road from Tambo to the port of San Francisco, opened in 1964, accelerated the process of occupation of the valley by Ayacucho peasant settlers whose properties are larger than those available to peasant families in the highlands. The San Francisco …
The Ayacucho-Tambo-San Francisco highway was built in 1964, modifying the traditional transit routes in the region. Before its construction, Uchuraccay was an important transit route used by the villagers on their way to the Huanta valleys and the Apurímac jungle. This infrastructure project was part of the road integration process …
The road from Tambo to the port of San Francisco was opened in 1964, accelerating the process of occupation of the valley by peasant settlers from Ayacucho. This road infrastructure allowed the important fair of Tambo, which was the end of the road, to 'drop off' towards the jungle as …
The San Francisco bridge was inaugurated in 1971, becoming the main settlement in the Apurimac River Valley during the 1970s. The construction of the bridge significantly increased the occupation of the right bank of the river, territory of the department of Cuzco, where the Pichari settlement is located. This bridge …
On April 21, 1981, there was an attack against the police post of Luricocha, in the province of Huanta, Ayacucho. This attack was part of a series of actions by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso against police posts during 1981. It was one of the first significant attacks against police installations in …
50 people led by a group of armed hikers razed the Tambo police post in the province of La Mar, Ayacucho. They seized two submachine guns, three revolvers and killed three policemen. During the assault they threw acid in the face of the guards defending the post. The slogan of …
Ferocious attack by the PCP-SL on the Tambo police post on the night of Sunday, October 11, the day of the fair. Twenty armed subversives attacked the post for 15 minutes and lethally wounded guard Jorge Vivanco Vizcarra, a native of Tambo. Two policemen were wounded. Civilians were also killed: …
On October 11, 1981, members of the Sendero Luminoso, a Peruvian guerrilla group, attacked the police station in Tambo, Ayacucho. The attack resulted in the death of three police officers and the theft of several firearms. This event was part of a broader strategy by Sendero Luminoso to provoke the …
On October 12, 1981, President Fernando Belaunde Terry declared a state of emergency in Ayacucho following a significant attack on a police post in Tambo. The emergency measures, led by General Carlos Barreto Bretoneche, involved the coordination of police and military forces to combat subversive activities, particularly those linked to …
On October 12, 1981, the Peruvian government decreed a state of emergency in five of the seven provinces of the department of Ayacucho: Huamanga, Huanta, La Mar, Cangallo and Victor Fajardo. This measure was established in response to the increase in PCP-Sendero Luminoso actions, particularly after the attack on the …
President Fernando Belaunde Terry declared for the first time a state of emergency in Ayacucho commanded by the FFPP through supreme decree 036-81-IN. The state of emergency was extended for sixty days to five Ayacucho provinces: Huanta, La Mar, Huamanga, Cangallo and Victor Fajardo. General GC Carlos Barreto Bretoneche assumed …
A 14-year-old girl was raped by a group of armed and hooded Sinchis. They violently entered her house by breaking doors and windows. They blindfolded her, put her in a car and raped her among seven of them. At dawn, they put her on a helicopter and in mid-flight they …
In 1982, the PCP Shining Path launched attacks on police posts in Tambo, Huancasancos, and Huanta, causing police forces to retreat to nearby capitals. These attacks were part of a broader strategy by Sendero Luminoso to strengthen their guerrilla warfare efforts, as evidenced by a document from their Central Committee. …
On May 15, 1982, the PCP-SL again assaulted the town of Tambo, finding the town unguarded by police. This was the second attack on the town, after a first attack on the police post on October 11, 1981. The October 11, 1981 attack had shown the deficiency and weakness of …
On May 15, 1982, the Shining Path PCP again attacked the Tambo police post, five months after the first attack on October 11, 1981. On this occasion, they found a town completely unguarded by the police, since the entire police force had been withdrawn to the provincial capital. This attack …
In December 1982, the PCP-SL assassinated twelve people in Ccarhuaurán, Santillana district, Huanta province. This event is part of the PCP-SL's strategy to liberate the countryside through threats, dismissals and assassinations of local authorities and civilian population. The rondas of Qarhuahurán (as also mentioned in the text) were among the …
After the events of January 26, 1983, when Uchuraccay villagers murdered eight journalists, believing them to be members of the Shining Path, the community suffered devastating reprisals. The Communist Party of Peru-Shining Path carried out multiple attacks against Uchuraccay throughout 1983 and 1984, killing more than a hundred villagers. The …
After the trials carried out in the Uchuraccay plaza against the imprisoned Iquichanos and the women relatives of the guide Juan Argumedo, the community members Constantino Soto Aguilar and Mariano Ccunto were sent to the Tambo Civil Guard post. Their mission was to inform the authorities about the deaths of …
On January 29, 1983, the first Civil Guard patrol arrived in Uchuraccay to investigate the disappearance of the journalists. The members of this patrol traveled by jeep from Tambo to Chalhuamayo, and from there they set out on foot to Uchuraccay. The communal authorities informed the patrol about the deaths …
Mariano Ccasani Gonzáles was one of the three Uchuraccay community members arrested in the judicial process for the massacre of journalists on January 26, 1983. He was captured in Tambo on July 5, 1983, together with Dionisio Morales Pérez (arrested on May 17) and Simeón Auccatoma Quispe (arrested on July …
Families from ten communities gathered in Ccarhuapampa, on the outskirts of the city of Tambo, forming the first multi-communal village of displaced people. Later, other families from Uchuraccay and Iquicha joined them. From the beginning, Ccarhuapampa was organized around its Civil Defense Committee according to a military logic: the CDC …
In November 1983, refugees from ten high Andean communities gathered in Ccarhuapampa, on the outskirts of the town of Tambo. From the beginning, Ccarhuapampa was organized around its Civil Defense Committee (CDC), which not only established a rigid surveillance system, but was also concerned with the development of the nascent …
In 1984, the communities in the Huanta area organized themselves into Civil Defense Committees and coordinated closely with the military. The patrols of Ccaccas, Ccanis and Patasucro, located in the highlands of the city of Huanta, as well as those of Tambo, Balcón, Acco, Challhuamayo and Ccarhuahurán, conducted scavenging campaigns …
Throughout 1984, Uchuraccay was repeatedly attacked by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, the military and the peasant patrols of the surrounding communities. These attacks resulted in numerous deaths and the complete abandonment of the town. The survivors fled to the jungle, Tambo, Huanta, Huamanga and Lima. Not only did the State leave …
By August 1984, after multiple attacks by the Shining Path PCP and the armed forces, the villagers of Uchuraccay had no choice but to completely abandon their community. During the previous months, incursions by the PCP-SL, the Self-Defense Committees and the military arrived indiscriminately, burning houses, stealing belongings and livestock, …
In mid-September 1984, a witness in the Uchuraccay case was detained by a group of Marines and taken to the Tambo military barracks. There she was tortured and raped, despite having the guarantees of the Peruvian Episcopate and the Ministry of the Interior due to her status as a witness …
On September 26, 1985, a mass crime occurred in the town of Huayllay, Tambo district, Ayacucho. The CVR report mentions this event in the context of September 1985, noting that it overshadowed the debate on political amnesty that was taking place in Congress. The Huayllay mass crime is mentioned along …
The Shining Path forcibly recruited the 16-year-old son of a declarant, threatening to kill the whole family if they did not hand him over. The subversives said 'Your son has to accompany us to death' and 'If you don't let your son go with us, we will kill your whole …
In 1988 the province of Satipo was declared in a State of Emergency due to the intensification of subversive activities of the PCP-SL (Shining Path) in the region. The subversive group with the greatest presence in the province of Satipo was (and still is) the PCP-SL Luminoso. This declaration took …
Since 1988, the PCP-SL made incursions into the Asháninka community of Cutivireni, where it indoctrinated the population and recruited young people. The incursions, looting, kidnappings of young people and assassinations of opponents multiplied progressively. The community of Cutivireni showed greater resistance to the advance of the PCP-SL along with the …
Two hikers entered the declarant's house, took her to the side of a road and raped her. The incident occurred in the context of armed incursions by PCP-SL in the area.
On August 9, 1989, a group of 200 ronderos left Santa Rosa for Tambo, La Mar, on the heights of the Huamanga-San Francisco highway, in an action called 'Operation Hawk'. The reason for this operation was to reorganize the patrols in the highland districts of La Mar province. The authorities …
On August 9, 1989, a group of 200 ronderos left Santa Rosa for Tambo in an action called operation Halcón. The reason for this operation was to reorganize the rondas in the highland districts of La Mar province, whose authorities, faced with the advance of the PCP-SL, had sent a …
By the end of 1990, the Shining Path (PCP-SL) had established control over the Ene and upper Tambo regions in Peru. The Asháninka communities, fearing military attacks from the Peruvian Army and Navy, were forced to flee into the jungle. The Shining Path exploited this situation to regroup the communities …
Between 1990 and early 1992, the Peruvian Army carried out several military operations in the Tambo and Ene basins, attacking several communities controlled by the PCP-SL. In Quempiri, on May 13, 1990, the community fled to their farms when they heard three army helicopters. On May 14, 1991, the Sinchis …
On May 13, 1990, three Peruvian Army helicopters arrived in the community of Quempiri, in the Ene Valley. Upon hearing the helicopters, the community's population fled to their farms in search of refuge. This attack was part of a series of military operations carried out by the Peruvian Army between …
In 1991, the Peruvian Army installed a counter-subversive base in Cutivireni, located in the district of Rio Tambo. This installation was part of a broader military strategy in which the Army established bases in strategic areas of the central jungle to combat the Shining Path PCP. The base was established …
At the end of 1991, the Army entered the province of Satipo and compulsively organized the population into urban and peasant patrols. The native patrols, which had been confronting the PCP-SL on their own initiative, received support from the army. In 1991, the Ashaninka of the Ene and Tambo rivers …
In 1991, the Ashaninka of the Ene and Tambo rivers organized themselves into Self-Defense Committees to confront the PCP-SL. This organization took place in the context of the Army's entry into Satipo at the end of 1991, when the armed forces compulsively organized the population into urban and peasant patrols. …
During 1991 and 1992 there were strong and continuous confrontations between the PCP-SL and the Rondas or Asháninka Self-Defense Committees in the Central Jungle. The year 1991 was the turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the region, when the Armed Forces together with the organized Asháninka population initiated …
By 1991, specialists and institutions estimated that out of 55,000 Asháninkas in the Central Jungle, about 10,000 were forcibly displaced in the Ene, Tambo and Perené valleys. It is estimated that 6,000 people died during the conflict and about 5,000 people were held captive under the control of the PCP-SL. …
In 1991, the Puerto Ocopa native community created a native patrol on its own initiative as part of the counter-offensive against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the central jungle. This patrol was formed in the context of the intensification of the counter-subversive struggle that was taking place in the Tambo and …
In 1991 there was a turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the Central Jungle region. The Armed Forces, together with the Asháninka population organized in Rondas or Self-Defense Committees, began an important counter-offensive that hit the PCP-SL hard, especially in the Ene River area. Between 1991 and 1993, …
On May 14, 1991, the Sinchis (special forces of the Peruvian police) entered the community of Gloriabamba, located half an hour from Puerto Ocopa. This operation was led by three teachers who collaborated with the police. The Sinchis' entry was preceded by bombings, which alerted the population of the neighboring …
During 1991 and 1992 there were strong and continuous confrontations between the PCP-SL and the rondas or Asháninka self-defense committees in the Central Jungle. The year 1991 was the turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the region, when the Armed Forces together with the organized Asháninka population initiated …
Between 1993 and 1995, the number of Asháninkas rescued from the PCP-SL grew significantly as a result of the intensification of the counter-subversive struggle. Joint operations between the Army and the ronderos in the Tambo and Ene river valleys made it possible to free thousands of Asháninkas who had been …
The native community of Tahuantinsuyo, located in the district of Mazamari in the Central Jungle, was the victim of a massacre in 1993 during the internal armed conflict. This community was selected as a case study by the CVR Report along with Cushiviani to document the effects of violence on …
A group of twenty-four families returned to Uchuraccay after almost a decade of absence. This return was possible after months of coordination promoted by Elías Ccente, with the support of the National Evangelical Council of Peru. The community had been totally depopulated due to repeated attacks by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, …
In 1995, the United Nations Commissioner for Refugees, Francis Deng, visited the Asháninka area to report on their situation. That same year, the National Human Rights Coordinator published a report on the disappearance of Asháninka communities. During the internal armed conflict, out of 55,000 Asháninka, nearly 10,000 were forcibly displaced …
On the night of October 9, 1996, military personnel from the bases of Pichari and Tambo entered the community of Chalhuamayo Alto in the district of Tambo, province of La Mar, department of Ayacucho. They detained eight individuals, who were then taken to the military base in Tambo and later …
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