Under the leadership of Vladimiro Montesinos and Nicolás Hermoza Ríos, the Peruvian military and intelligence services engaged in widespread human rights violations. A directive from January 1990 allowed Hermoza Ríos to control all military personnel, facilitating operations that often bypassed legal and democratic oversight. The operations included espionage, sabotage, and …
The coup d'état on April 5, 1992, in Peru was led by President Alberto Fujimori, with key figures like Vladimiro Montesinos and Nicolás Hermoza Ríos playing significant roles. This event marked the subordination of democratic processes to a counter-subversive strategy, leading to a dictatorial regime characterized by corruption and human …
On 5 May 1993, General Rodolfo Robles Espinoza publicly denounced that the Barrios Altos massacre and the disappearances at the Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle 'La Cantuta' were perpetrated by a criminal structure within the Peruvian state. This structure was reportedly under the control of General Nicolás …
Operation Aries was a counter-subversive military operation carried out by the Peruvian armed forces that began on April 5, 1994 on the left bank of the Huallaga River. The operation was carried out in two phases (April-May and June-July 1994) with the objective of dismantling the last Shining Path strongholds …
The first phase of Operation Aries was executed between April and May 1994 on the left bank of the Huallaga River, specifically in the areas known as Bolsón Cuchara and Bolsón Primavera. The operation began on April 5, 1994 with the objective of dismantling the Shining Path contingents that were …
The crisis surrounding the embassy in Peru led to a controversial military operation under the leadership of President Alberto Fujimori, with significant involvement from Vladimiro Montesinos and General Nicolás Hermoza Ríos. The operation sparked public debates about the role of the military and allegations of extrajudicial executions of MRTA members. …
On August 20, 1998, Nicolás Hermoza Ríos was removed from his position as Commander General of the Army in Peru. His removal was notably discreet despite his significant influence and role in the government since the coup d'état on April 5, 1992. Following his removal, an investigation was ordered into …
On June 4, 2001, the Supreme Council of Military Justice in Peru annulled the resolutions of dismissal issued by the War Chamber of the Supreme Council of Military Justice on October 21, 1994, and July 6, 1995. These resolutions had favored several high-ranking military officials and others, including Generals Nicolás …
On June 4, 2001, the Supreme Council of Military Justice declared null and void the resolutions of dismissal issued by the War Chamber on October 21, 1994 and July 6, 1995, which had favored Generals Nicolás Hermoza Ríos, Pedro Villanueva Valdivia, Juan Rivera Lazo, Julio Salazar Monroe, Captain Vladimiro Montesinos …
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