In May 1980, the burning of ballot boxes by Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) in Chuschi marked the beginning of a period of intense political violence in Ayacucho, Peru. This violence soon spread to neighboring regions such as Apurímac and Huancavelica. The response from the state included harsh counterinsurgency measures by …
In 1989, the Peruvian government introduced measures to combat subversion, including the creation of the Policía Nacional del Perú and specialized units like the Dirección de Operaciones Especiales (DOES) and Dirección de Inteligencia del Ministerio del Interior (DIGIMIN). Despite these efforts, the Dirección Contra el Terrorismo (DIRCOTE) faced challenges such …
On March 27, 1989, the police station in Uchiza was attacked by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso. During the hours-long combat, the commander of the post communicated with the Army detachment in Tingo María, but no help arrived. Ten police officers and three civilians were captured, subjected to a public trial, and …
On 01 June 1989, the Peruvian government declared the Ucayali region in a state of emergency due to the increasing influence of drug cartels and insurgent activities. A Political-Military Command was established, led by the Navy, to manage the situation. The Navy and the Army divided responsibilities, with the Navy …
On June 19, 1989, the Shining Path (PCP-SL) carried out an ambush against an Army convoy on the Federico Basadre Highway in Aguaytía. The attack resulted in the deaths of a Major (second in command of the political-military command of Ucayali), a Lieutenant, and 14 soldiers, with an additional 10 …
On October 28, 1989, the Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga suffered a severe attack that caused significant damage to university facilities, including the residence, dining hall, health center, transportation units, and printing press. The attack was carried out by uniformed groups, likely paramilitary or state agents conducting covert …
In 1990, a report from the U.S. Embassy to the Secretary of State highlighted significant human rights violations in Peru involving terrorists, the Army, and the Police. Despite these violations, there were notable efforts to improve the situation, such as the release of prisoners without trial and enhanced access for …
In 1991, the Bush administration halted the use of interrogation manuals from the CIA and the Army, which were based on earlier manuals such as the 1963 KUBARK Counterintelligence Interrogation. These manuals included techniques that violated human rights policies, leading to an investigation by the Department of Defense. The findings …
In 1991, the Bush administration implemented a policy change to address human rights violations associated with U.S. intelligence training abroad. This involved recalling and destroying certain Army and CIA manuals that were inconsistent with U.S. policy and establishing permanent oversight to ensure foreign agent training aligned with U.S. standards. The …
On March 26, 1991, a delegation led by Provincial Prosecutor Guillermo García Zamora attempted to investigate the situation of detainees at the Pampa Cangallo Military Base. Despite identifying themselves, the delegation faced intimidation, including explosive detonations, and was denied access to the base. This obstruction led to a Senate investigation, …
On July 4, 1991, a patrol of the Army killed fifteen people, including adults and children, at a mine known as 'Misteriosa'. Following an investigation ordered by the Joint Command of the Armed Forces, the Permanent War Council of the Second Judicial Zone of the Army sentenced those responsible on …
On 16 July 1991, the PCP Sendero Luminoso prepared an attack on the city of Tingo María. However, due to a warning from a local rondero, the Army was able to prepare and successfully confront the attack. The confrontation resulted in forty deaths, including subversives, civilians, and five soldiers.
The Group of Analysis concluded its functions with the presentation of a counter-subversive manual by Lieutenant Colonel Rodríguez Zabalbeascoa on November 18, 1991. This presentation led to a presidential commendation for the group, which included various military officers. The commendation was partly due to an exposition on the situation of …
In April 1994, the Coordinadora Nacional de Derechos Humanos received reports of severe human rights violations in Moyuna, Huánuco. These reports included allegations of torture and extrajudicial executions by the Army against local residents. Additionally, there were claims of indiscriminate bombings in areas along the left bank of the Huallaga …
On August 20, 1998, Nicolás Hermoza Ríos was removed from his position as Commander General of the Army in Peru. His removal was notably discreet despite his significant influence and role in the government since the coup d'état on April 5, 1992. Following his removal, an investigation was ordered into …
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