In 1979, the Sindicato Único de Trabajadores en la Educación del Perú (SUTEP) of Cajamarca mobilized all its regional members to participate in a national strike. This mobilization was part of the large national strikes developed by SUTEP in 1978 and 1979, which even mobilized parents. These actions contributed significantly …
In the 1980 general elections in Peru, Fernando Belaunde emerged as an unexpected winner. His party, Acción Popular, avoided the political wear experienced by other parties by not participating in the Constituent Assembly elections. The main opposition, the Partido Aprista Peruano, was weakened by the recent loss of its historical …
In the 1980 presidential elections in Peru, the Acción Popular party received significant support in the provinces of Acobamba and Angaraes, with Fernando Belaunde winning 45.35% of the vote in Acobamba and 62.72% in Angaraes. The municipal elections of the same year saw a high voter absenteeism rate, with 39.99% …
In 1980, the Peruvian Communist Party - Shining Path (PCP-SL) emerged as a significant threat, perplexing the Peruvian security forces. Unlike previous guerrilla movements, the PCP-SL's tactics and organization were difficult to identify and counter, leading to ineffective intelligence efforts. The government of Acción Popular attributed the lack of preparedness …
The 1980 elections resulted in a clear victory for Acción Popular, which amply surpassed the required 36%. These elections were the setting, in a remote Ayacucho town called Chuschi, for the first violent action of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL). This event marked the beginning of …
The general elections of May 1980 marked the return to democracy in Peru after the military government. Acción Popular (AP) obtained a clear victory, surpassing by far the required 36%. In the Andean South, AP won a majority in the departments of Apurimac, Cuzco and Madre de Dios, except in …
On May 18, with the participation of 6,382,002 voters, the General Elections were held. Fernando Belaunde Terry of Acción Popular won with 46% of the presidential votes, followed by Armando Villanueva del Campo of the PAP with 28% and Luis Bedoya Reyes of the PPC with 10%. The leftist blocs …
In 1981, the Peruvian government, led by Acción Popular, promulgated the 'Antiterrorist Law' in response to increasing subversive activities by groups like Sendero Luminoso. The law was intended to curb terrorism by criminalizing actions such as the destruction of public and private property. However, it faced strong opposition from leftist …
On August 1, 1981, multiple simultaneous bombings took place in different parts of Lima. The targets included 4 premises of Acción Popular (AP), 3 of them located in San Martin and Barrios Altos, as well as 3 Peace Courts and the ESAL Office in Villa el Salvador. These attacks were …
In September 1981, the director general of the Police of Investigations of Peru, Eduardo Ipinze Rebata, accused leftist parliamentarians of obstructing investigations into alleged subversives. This incident highlighted the existing distrust and political polarization in the Peruvian Parliament, hindering a unified response to the growing subversive threat. The political climate …
On December 11, 1982, in the middle of a public act, the provincial mayor of Huamanga, Víctor Jorge Jáuregui, a Popular Action (AP) militant, was wounded by two presumed members of the PCP-SL. The attackers were driving a motorcycle from where they shot him three times in the face. This …
In 1983, Reynaldo Rivera Romero, the deputy for Tingo Maria of the Popular Action party, was disqualified from the Congress of the Republic after his links to drug trafficking were proven. In April 1984, coca growers' leader Tito Jaime Fernandez, who was mayor of Leoncio Prado province for the second …
On March 13, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the premises of Cooperación Popular in the city of Puno. This attack was part of a series of initial actions by the subversive group in the department of Puno during the first years of the internal armed conflict. The targets of the …
On April 23, 1983, members of the PCP-SL committed an attack against the headquarters of the Acción Popular party in the city of Puno. This attack was part of a series of violent actions by the PCP-SL against political and governmental infrastructure during the month of April 1983. The attack …
On April 23, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the premises of the Acción Popular party in the city of Puno. This attack was part of a series of actions directed against public and local institutions of the ruling party during the first years of the internal armed conflict in the …
On April 28, 1983, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked the premises of the Agrarian Bank in the city of Juliaca, province of San Roman, department of Puno. This attack was part of a series of initial actions by the PCP-SL in the department of Puno during the period 1980-1983, characterized by …
On May 6, 1983, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) attacked the headquarters of Acción Popular in Pucallpa. This attack was part of the first wave of the First Military Campaign of the PCP-SL, which took place between May and June 1983. The attack took place in …
On May 6, 1983, the PCP-SL attacked the headquarters of Acción Popular in Pucallpa. The following day, on May 14, people linked to this attack were assassinated on the outskirts of that district. This event occurred in the context of the first wave of the First Campaign of the PCP-SL, …
On June 27, 1983, the resignation of the Minister of Labor, Alfonso Grados Bertorini, during the government of Fernando Belaunde Terry, was confirmed. Later, in August of the same year, it was announced that Patricio Ricketts Rey de Castro was leaving the Ministry of Labor to move to the Ministry …
The second wave of the First Military Campaign of the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path took place from July to October 1983. This phase was characterized by an intensification of terrorist attacks throughout the country, including actions against party premises and strategic infrastructure. On July 11, there was …
On July 11, 1983, at approximately 7:28 p.m., a detachment of the PCP-Sendero Luminoso attacked with shrapnel and explosives the main office of the Acción Popular political party located on Paseo Colón. The attack was carried out by a group of subversives who threw three dynamite charges inside the premises …
On July 11, 1983 there was a terrorist attack against the central office of the Acción Popular (AP) party in Lima. This attack was part of the second wave of the First Military Campaign of the PCP-SL, which took place from July to October 1983. All the media and sectors …
On July 21, 1983, the Peruvian capital suffered the most serious power outage in its history. This blackout allowed the execution of several terrorist attacks in the city. The event occurred in the context of an intense campaign of violence by the PCP-Sendero Luminoso, which had declared its second wave …
Julio Orozco Huamani, top leader of the Peasant Federation of the Apurimac River Valley (FECVRA), was assassinated at the Luisiana hacienda in August 1983. The Luisiana hacienda, which had belonged to former deputy Parodi of Acción Popular, had been converted into a main Marine Infantry base. This assassination occurred in …
On August 13, 1983, Alfonso Grados Bertorini accepted to run for mayor of Lima for the Acción Popular (AP) party. Grados Bertorini had previously resigned as Minister of Labor on June 27, 1983. His candidacy was in the context of the municipal elections to be held in November of that …
On September 20, 1983, a report on human rights violations in Ayacucho was presented to the Congress of the Republic. During the session, politicians from different political parties stood up to give their opinion on the report presented. Representatives of the United Left (IU) and the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP) …
The PCP-SL perpetrated an attack on the main office of Acción Popular on the day that the General Departmental Plenary of Lima was to be held. As a result of the attack, a security agent was killed and three members of Acción Popular were wounded. Investigating what happened, an ensign …
On November 8, 1983, Victor Arias Vicuña, provincial mayor of Pasco belonging to the Popular Action (AP) party, was assassinated. This crime took place in the context of an escalation of political violence affecting local authorities in various regions of the country. The murder occurred just five days before the …
On February 12, 1984, Alan Garcia Perez was elected candidate to the Presidency of the Republic in internal elections of the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP). This election was held in the context of preparation for the 1985 presidential elections. The same month, former Minister of Economy Manuel Ulloas Elías publicly …
On February 26, 1984, former Minister of Economy Manuel Ulloas Elías publicly accepted his presidential pre-candidacy. In accepting the nomination, Ulloas Elías committed himself to hold a polemic with the general secretary of Acción Popular (AP), Javier Alva Orlandini. This announcement took place in the context of the preparations for …
A Congress of the Acción Popular (AP) party was held, in which the current led by Javier Alva Orlandini won. This internal political event of the governing party took place in a context of political and economic crisis, as well as the intensification of subversive violence in the country. The …
In March and April 1985, there were bomb attacks against the party offices of the main political parties in Junín. The attacks were directed against the offices of Acción Popular, Partido Popular Cristiano, PAP (Partido Aprista Peruano) and Izquierda Unida. The premises of the Provincial Electoral Registry were also attacked. …
Agustín Haya, in the context of the 1985 election campaigns, publicly declared that in the event that Izquierda Unida (IU) came to power, an amnesty would be decreed for political prisoners. This statement came at a time of intense political debate over the treatment of those accused of terrorism. The …
Manuel Ulloa Elías, representative of Acción Popular (AP), stated in El Comercio his opposition to a possible amnesty law for those accused of terrorist crimes. Ulloa stated that his party considered that it would be "absolutely irresponsible" to grant amnesty freeing the perpetrators of terrorist acts. He pointed out that …
Congressman Javier Diez Canseco Cisneros presented a political amnesty bill before Congress. This proposal was part of a broader debate on amnesty for political prisoners and those accused of terrorism that had been raised by various political sectors, including majority sectors of the PAP and the United Left. The bill …
On November 26, 1986, the Superior Court of Lima sentenced Laura Eugenia Zambrano Padilla and María Concepción Urquizo Sánchez to 10 years in prison for the attack against the Acción Popular headquarters on July 11, 1983. They were ordered to pay fifty thousand Intis in favor of the Acción Popular …
On January 29, 1988, Fernando Belaunde Terry, Luis Bedoya Reyes and Mario Vargas Llosa laid the foundations for the constitution of the Democratic Front (FREDEMO). This political alliance brought together Acción Popular (AP), the Partido Popular Cristiano (PPC) and the Movimiento Libertad. FREDEMO was officially constituted on April 14, 1989, …
On January 29, 1988, Fernando Belaunde Terry (leader of Acción Popular), Luis Bedoya Reyes (leader of the Partido Popular Cristiano) and Mario Vargas Llosa (leader of the Movimiento Libertad) laid the foundations for the constitution of the Frente Democrático (FREDEMO). This political alliance brought together AP, PPC and Movimiento Libertad …
On April 14, 1989, the Democratic Front (FREDEMO) was officially constituted when its leaders subscribed the bases of the common government plan. This political alliance was made up of Acción Popular (AP), the Partido Popular Cristiano (PPC) and the Movimiento Libertad. The leaders who signed the agreement were Fernando Belaunde …
The presidential ticket of FREDEMO (Frente Democrático) for the general elections was proclaimed in Arequipa. The formula was integrated by Mario Vargas Llosa as presidential candidate, Eduardo Orrego Villacorta of Acción Popular (AP) as first vice-president, and Ernesto Alayza Grundy of Partido Popular Cristiano (PPC) as second vice-president. This event …
On October 1, 1990, members of the Army Intelligence Service (SIE) arrested Constantino Saavedra Muñoz, former deputy mayor of Acción Popular (AP) in the district of Quinua, province of Huamanga. The arrest occurred when Saavedra Muñoz was leaving a meeting of the Huamanga City Development Corporation (CORFA). This event took …
Between 1992 and 1993 the PCP-SL called three armed strikes in the province of Barranca. These strikes were observed by the population, who were frightened by the probable attacks that could occur if they did not comply with the call. The armed strikes were part of the PCP-SL's strategy to …
In 1992, Shining Path militants assassinated in Barranca the provincial mayoral candidate Orlando Tapia, who belonged to the Popular Action party. In the same event, Santiago Jau, owner of Radio Fortaleza, was assassinated. These selective assassinations were part of the PCP-SL strategy of attacking political authorities and public figures in …
