At the beginning of 1966, the Peruvian Army arrested the last guerrillas of the Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR) with the collaboration of some Asháninka from the area. The MIR was one of several political parties that, inspired by the Cuban revolution, opted for the 'foquista' armed struggle in the middle …
In 1987, the MRTA began military operations on a larger scale, with the central jungle being the main scenario of the Tupacamarista Popular Army's actions. The Alto and Bajo Yurinaki, Pichanaki; Villarica, Palcazú and Puerto Bermúdez, in the province of Oxapampa and, to a lesser extent, for a very short …
At the end of 1987, the PCP-SL consolidated armed columns that moved relatively freely between the highland and jungle zones of Junín. This mobilization capacity allowed it to decree more frequent "armed strikes" in the areas where it had influence and exercised greater control. The PCP-SL began to gain greater …
From the second half of 1987, the PCP-SL organized popular committees in the territory of many communities in Junín, settling in the Canipaco valley in mid 1988. By the end of 1987, the PCP-SL had armed columns that moved relatively freely from one zone to another in the highlands and …
At the end of 1987, the PCP-SL managed to establish armed columns that moved relatively freely between the highlands and jungle of Junín, which allowed it to decree armed strikes with greater frequency in the areas where it exercised control. The PCP-SL began to gain greater presence in the central …
Faced with the increase in subversive actions and the territorial expansion of the PCP-SL and MRTA in the region, Alan Garcia's government declared the provinces of Chanchamayo, Oxapampa and Satipo in a state of emergency in 1988. This measure was taken in response to the growing control that both subversive …
In 1988, the Peruvian government under President Alan García declared a state of emergency in the provinces of Chanchamayo, Oxapampa, and Satipo due to the increasing subversive activities and territorial expansion of the PCP-SL and MRTA. This measure was taken as the insurgent groups were establishing control over various regions, …
In March 1989, around 30 armed MRTA men attacked the Pichanaki police post in Chanchamayo province. This attack was part of the MRTA's operations in the central jungle during its period of expansion in the area. A few days after this attack, the subversives marched into the Junin highlands to …
In July 1988, the MRTA subversive contingent attacked and destroyed the police post in the district of Pozuzo, in the province of Oxapampa. During the confrontation, four policemen were killed. This attack was part of a series of MRTA actions in the area during the last months of 1988, when …
On July 24, 1988, the MRTA armed group raided Puerto Bermudez, capital of the Oxapampa district. The subversive contingent summoned the inhabitants to the town square during this action. This incursion took place in the context of a series of MRTA actions in the area, including the attack and destruction …
In October 1988, the entire department of Junin and the province of Oxapampa were declared in a state of emergency. By that time, the Shining Path PCP had organized numerous Popular Committees in the Ene valley, which were set up as support bases for their incursions. Despite the state of …
In October 1988, the entire department of Junín and the province of Oxapampa in Pasco, Peru, were declared in a state of emergency due to the activities of the Shining Path (PCP-SL). The group had established numerous People's Committees in the Ene Valley, expanding their influence to various districts and …
During the late 1980s, the internal armed conflict in Peru deeply affected the Central Jungle region, particularly the provinces of Satipo and Chanchamayo. By 1989, the Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) had gained control over much of Satipo, while the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) was active in Oxapampa and Chanchamayo. …
At the end of 1989, an MRTA column assassinated three Asháninka leaders in the province of Oxapampa. Among the victims was Alejandro Calderón, pinkátzari (great chief) and president of ANAP (Apatyawaka Nampitsi Asháninka), the federation that groups 52 native communities of the Pichis River and tributaries. The Asháninka reacted quickly …
In December 1989, the Army destroyed an MRTA camp in Iscozacín, Oxapampa, resulting in the death of 43 alleged subversives. However, there is an alternative version that indicates that most of the victims may have been local farmers and not MRTA members. This event occurred a few days after the …
In December 1989, the Peruvian Army destroyed an MRTA camp in Iscozacin, province of Oxapampa. According to the official version, 43 alleged subversives were killed in the operation. However, there is an alternative version that states that most of the victims could have been local farmers and not MRTA militants. …
In December 1989, the Peruvian Army took the El Chaparral camp, which was the most important MRTA base in the Oxapampa area. This military action dispersed MRTA members throughout the region. The capture of the camp occurred in a context where the Asháninka of the Pichis had formed an 'Asháninka …
Military patrols located and attacked an MRTA camp in a spot in the district of Iscozacin, located in the province of Oxapampa. The Army reported that 48 guerrillas and one soldier were killed during the confrontation. The subversive command did not reinforce the surveillance nor did they elaborate a defense …
On December 17, 1989, the Peruvian Army ambushed a camp of the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) near Puerto Bermudez, in the province of Oxapampa. This military action was part of the counter-subversive operations carried out by the Armed Forces against insurgent groups in different areas of the country. The …
On December 17, 1989, near Puerto Victoria in Yanesha territory, an Army patrol located and attacked an MRTA subversive camp, causing numerous casualties while others fled the area. An Army communiqué informed that the confrontation took place exactly in the area known as 'El Chaparral', located in Iscozacin, district of …
Peruvian President Alan García Pérez made a historic visit to Ecuador on December 17, 1989, becoming the first Peruvian head of state to visit that country. This visit took place in a context of bilateral relations between Peru and Ecuador, countries that had historically maintained border tensions. The trip represented …
In early January 1990, the Asháninka people, led by Alcides Calderón, mobilized an army in response to the assassination of Alejandro Calderón by MRTA militants. The Asháninka took control of Puerto Bermúdez, targeting those suspected of collaborating with the MRTA. The uprising led to violence against colonists, including killings and …
In March 1990, the 'Asháninka army' ended its work by expelling the MRTA from its territory in Oxapampa province. This army had been formed in response to the assassination of three Asháninka leaders at the end of 1989 by MRTA, among them Alejandro Calderón, pinkátzari (great chief) and president of …
At the end of 1991, a PCP-SL column appeared in the province of Oxapampa and began to carry out incursions into peasant communities and annexes. This column carried out "ajusticiamiento" actions and cruelly murdered numerous peasants in the area. The appearance of this Shining Path column occurred after the "Asháninka …
In January 1992, the MRTA attempted to take the town of Pichanaki but failed. However, they successfully attacked Pichanaki later that year, and on May 1, 1992, around 100 subversives attacked and destroyed the counter-subversive base in Villa Rica, Oxapampa. The Peruvian Army responded, leading to a series of confrontations, …
On May 1, 1992, around 100 MRTA subversives attacked and destroyed the counter-subversive base of Villa Rica in Oxapampa. This attack was carried out in the context of the anniversary of their defeat in Molinos and represented a major action by the MRTA after its reconstitution. The success of this …
On May 1, 1992, the MRTA launched a significant attack on the counter-subversive base in Villa Rica, Oxapampa. This operation involved over 100 MRTA members and marked a pivotal moment in the group's activities in the central jungle region. The attack led to a heightened military response, including intensified patrols …
On November 7, 1993, a confrontation took place in La Merced between law enforcement forces and presumed MRTA subversives. During the confrontation, two presumed MRTA subversives were killed and an officer of the Peruvian National Police was wounded. This confrontation occurred in the context of the last year of intense …
On July 14, 1994, the MRTA carried out an ambush in La Merced, Chanchamayo province, Junin department. In this attack, two policemen were killed by the subversives. This event occurred in the context of the final phase of the internal armed conflict in the central jungle, when the MRTA still …
A policeman was killed by a grenade during a terrorist attack in Puerto Bermudez. The attack occurred in the context of the presence of subversive groups in the Oxapampa area, particularly the MRTA, which had been active in the Puerto Bermudez district since the late 1980s. By 1994, violence in …
On March 16, 1995, subversive forces of the MRTA attacked the Counter-subversive Base of La Florida, located in the district of Villa Rica, province of Oxapampa. The attack resulted in the death of 4 military personnel, including 1 lieutenant and 3 soldiers, in addition to leaving 7 soldiers wounded. This …
In 1996, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) addressed the case of Raquel Martín de Mejía, who was sexually assaulted twice after her husband was detained by military personnel in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. The IACHR concluded that these repeated sexual abuses constituted a violation of Articles 5 and 11 …
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