In 1964, the first directed colonization program in the Upper Huallaga was made official. This program was part of the Tingo Maria-Tocache-Campanilla colonization project, which classified 180,000 hectares as suitable for agricultural use. Many of the farmers who obtained land titles had already settled in the Tingo Maria, Tocache and …
Between 1981 and 1982, Ramal de Aspuzana emerged as an important drug trafficking market, almost parallel to the emergence of the town of Paraíso and the larger towns of Uchiza and Tocache. The streets of Ramal de Aspuzana were bustling with commercial activity where the dollar had replaced the national …
In 1982, thousands of coca farmers from regions such as Chinchao, Monzón, Leoncio Prado, Tocache, and Padre Abad gathered in Tingo María to initiate an indefinite strike. Their main demand was the resumption of legal coca trade through the Empresa Nacional de la Coca (ENACO), following a government prohibition that …
In 1982, thousands of coca farmers from Chinchao, Monzon, Leoncio Prado, Tocache and Padre Abad moved to the city of Tingo Maria to begin an indefinite strike. Their main demand was the resumption of legal coca trade through the National Coca Company (Empresa Nacional de la Coca-ENACO). After 11 days …
In 1982, thousands of coca farmers from regions including Chinchao, Monzón, Leoncio Prado, Tocache, and Padre Abad gathered in Tingo María to commence an indefinite strike on November 25. The strike was a response to the Peruvian government's prohibition of legal coca trade through the Empresa Nacional de la Coca …
Beginning in 1985, drug production and commercialization began to take place openly on the Tamaya River, along with Lake Imiría and the Abujao River in Ucayali. This area became an important center for the production of cocaine paste. Drug trafficking in this area later intensified when drug trafficking firms were …
In 1986, the town of Uchiza faced a significant confrontation with the PCP-SL (Sendero Luminoso), marking the first such encounter in the Alto Huallaga region. Initially, the local population resisted the insurgents, but within a year, the PCP-SL, with the support of narco-traffickers, took control of Uchiza and Tocache. These …
In 1986, after an initial contact with drug traffickers, the PCP-SL obtained authorization to place three or four of its cadres in each of the drug trafficking firms. This agreement was welcomed by most of the drug traffickers. That same year, drug flights began to leave the Tocache municipal airport …
In 1986, after the first contact between the PCP-SL and the drug traffickers, drug flights began to leave the Tocache municipal airport "in force," with as many as four or five flights a day. This increase in aerial drug trafficking activity coincided with the PCP-SL's authorization to place three or …
The MRTA had a strong presence in Aucayacu between 1986 and 1989. In the mid-1980s, small MRTA groups operated and even carried out attacks in the urban area of Tocache, but their weight was minimal compared to that of the PCP-SL. MRTA's presence in Aucayacu was significant during this period, …
In 1986, tensions between the MRTA and PCP-SL escalated into confrontations, notably in the district of Tocache, San Martín. Despite efforts by MRTA to collaborate with other political groups, PCP-SL viewed them as adversaries, leading to increased hostilities in subsequent years. By September 1987, PCP-SL officially categorized MRTA as part …
At the end of 1986 and beginning of 1987, the PCP-SL advanced towards the north of Tocache, organizing towns and villages. Among the towns organized were Bambamarca, Nuevo Horizonte, Escote and Santa Rosa de Mishollo. This expansion was parallel to the control that the PCP-SL established over the town of …
By the first months of 1987 there were already hundreds of PCP-SL fighters concentrated in Tocache and the party controlled the town. Small groups armed only with wooden batons walked through three-block sectors, reporting any situation they could not resolve to the Club Obrero where armed PCP-SL elements had established …
Operation "Relámpago" caused a decrease in drug trafficking activity in Tocache, which had been an open center for the drug trade. Following the operation, Sion emerged as a new focus of the drug market, while Tocache continued to be relevant within the drug trafficking circuit, albeit with less frequency and …
Between 1987 and 1988 there was a significant transformation in the weaponry used by the PCP-SL Shining Path groups in their war actions in the Upper Huallaga. This improvement in the military arsenal was the result of agreements established with drug traffickers, who began to bring in weapons of war …
In March 1987, the Shining Path PCP took the town of Tocache as part of its territorial control strategy in the Huallaga basin. This action took place in the context of subversive domination of the area, where the PCP-SL had established open Popular Committees and maintained a complex relationship with …
In March 1987, a significant clash occurred between the guerrilla groups MRTA and SL in the city of Tocache. A group of 100 MRTA guerrillas attempted to take control of the city but were defeated by SL forces, resulting in the loss of 40 MRTA members. This defeat hindered MRTA's …
At the end of May 1987, the PCP-SL attacked the Uchiza police post as part of its strategy of territorial control in the Upper Huallaga. This was the first significant attack on Uchiza, which preceded the better known and devastating second attack on March 17, 1989. The attack occurred in …
On July 13, 1987, a state of emergency was declared in the regions of Huanuco and San Martin in Peru. This declaration was part of the government's response to increasing violence and insurgency activities by groups such as the PCP-SL (Shining Path) and MRTA. The situation escalated to the point …
On 15 July 1987, specialized police paratroopers launched a major operation called 'Relámpago' to take control of the town of Tocache in Peru. This operation marked a significant turning point as the PCP-SL (Shining Path) and narco-traffickers withdrew from the urban area before the police arrived. The operation was successful …
On July 15, 1987, paratroopers from specialized police units took the town of Tocache in a major operation called 'Relámpago'. Apparently the PCP-SL and the drug traffickers were aware of the police counterattack because both groups withdrew from the urban area before the arrival of the first troops. This operation …
On July 17, 1987, the combined forces of the police, Army and Air Force carried out an impressive operation to recapture the town of Tocache, which had been taken by the Shining Path PCP. Law enforcement arrived in helicopters in a coordinated operation. This action came after the PCP-SL had …
Between 1988 and 1990, the armed forces and the police forces carried out anti-drug and counter-subversive operations in Tocache, San Martin. These operations resulted in the displacement of the drug trafficking firms that were based in that area. The firms were forced to move to other areas of the country, …
A woman recruited as a child in PCP-SL says that on one occasion the commanders were drinking liquor. Hours later, when they were dizzy, they began to sexually abuse the girls. In the column there was a woman who was in charge of logistics, she took the girls to the …
During 1989 in the district of Uchiza, province of Tocache, department of San Martin, multiple cases of sexual violence and abuse by members of the armed forces were registered. The testimonies documented by the CVR refer to the Uchiza Military Base as the place where these events took place. The …
In 1989, in the district of Uchiza, province of Tocache, department of San Martin, there were multiple cases of rape perpetrated by members of the Peruvian Army. A witness who served in the army told how soldiers forced a detained teacher to "be affectionate" with them, taking advantage of the …
In 1989, a series of brutal killings occurred in Tocache, Peru, where victims were found in the Huallaga River. The bodies, including those of Gisella del Águila's brothers, were discovered encased in bags, tortured, and weighed down to prevent their recovery. These acts were reportedly carried out by members of …
In the hamlet of Santa Rosa de Mishollo, during 1990, a case of rape was registered in the context of the internal armed conflict. The case is mentioned in the CVR report as part of the testimonies on sexual violence perpetrated during the period of political violence. This event occurred …
The CVR report mentions the hamlet of Unión Nueva Victoria in the context of cases of sexual violence that occurred during the internal armed conflict in 1990. This locality is located in the District of Pólvora, Province of Tocache, Department of San Martin, an area that was the scene of …
The PCP-SL maintained a stranglehold on the northern zone of Tocache until the mid-1990s, with a palpable influence until 1999. This area included towns and hamlets such as Bambamarca, Nuevo Horizonte, Escote and Santa Rosa de Mishollo, which had been organized by the PCP-SL in late 1986 and early 1987. …
In 1991, a woman from Vista Alegre, Tocache, San Martín, Peru, reported that her father was killed by soldiers who accused him of being a 'senderista'. Additionally, two of her cousins were sexually assaulted and subsequently murdered by the same soldiers. This event highlights the severe impact of displacement and …
In 1991, the mayor of Tocache, Fredy Aliaga, was assassinated along with a coca growers' leader. This assassination occurred in the context of the advance of the Shining Path PCP in the region, where the subversive organization was forming popular committees in different towns in the provinces of Bellavista and …
In 1991, the mayor of Tocache, Fredy Aliaga, and cocalero leader Walter Tocas were assassinated. This event marked the establishment of Popular Committees in various towns in the provinces of Bellavista and Mariscal Cáceres. These committees provided security for local farmers and drug traffickers to cultivate and process coca leaves …
In 1993, a strict curfew was implemented in Tocache starting at 6:00 p.m. where no one was allowed to travel. People who urgently needed to travel had to pay to be able to do so. According to testimonies gathered by the CVR, this meant that in some cases women "had …
In 1993, under the Plan of Operations 'Tentáculo', eight intelligence posts were established in the Huallaga region of Peru to monitor narcotics trafficking. These posts were managed by the Army Intelligence Service (SIE) and included locations such as Tarapoto, Juanjuí-Yurimaguas, and Tocache-Juanjuí. The National Intelligence Service (SIN) played a significant …
Chatin', an important logistical commander of the PCP-SL's T-4 in Tocache, was captured by an army patrol under the command of 'Cienfuegos' with 200 kilos of drugs in his possession. He was taken to the Bambamarca Base but later released thanks to the intermediation of the drug trafficker 'Cero Cero', …
In 1994, Cavalry Captain Gilmar Valdivieso Rejas, known as "Cienfuegos", denounced before the subcommittee on Drug Trafficking of the Constituent Congress the collusion of certain Army officers with drug trafficking. Among those implicated was Major Miguel Najar Acosta, who commanded the Counter-subversive Battalion No. 26 of Tocache. The accusation included …
In May 1994, the Shining Path PCP attacked the Tocache airport. This attack was part of a series of violent actions carried out by the subversive organization in the Huallaga region during that period. One soldier was killed in the attack. This event occurred in a context where the PCP-SL …
Carmen Rosa Pariona Yachi, 23 years old, filed a formal complaint before the Mixed Provincial Prosecutor's Office of Tocache on May 30, 1994. The complaint is framed in the context of sexual violence during the internal armed conflict in the Alto Huallaga area. The CVR report mentions this case as …
The Urbana, formally known as the Committees of Parallel Popular Power (CPPP), was an organizational structure of the PCP-SL in towns with the presence of Peruvian state forces. Its function was to maintain an espionage network, collect taxes or collaboration from merchants and selectively assassinate 'bad elements'. In Tocache, the …
A public hearing was held on August 25, 2002, in Uchiza, Tocache, San Martín, Peru, where testimonies were given regarding the impact of internal armed conflict on the community. The hearing highlighted the importance of cultural expression and bilingual education in fostering reconciliation and understanding. The event underscored the need …
Testimony given by a resident who witnessed armed confrontations in Uchiza, province of Tocache, department of San Martin. The testimony was collected in October 2002 in Huánuco. The witness recounts the psychological consequences of having witnessed violence from an early age, showing aggression and changes in her behavior. The testimony …
In November 2002, a declarant testified before the CVR about the murder of eight of his relatives in Tocache, San Martin. The testimony was recorded in Huanuco and forms part of the documented cases of violence in the San Martin region during the internal armed conflict. This case illustrates the …
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