Paraíso was colonized between 1969 and 1973, first by a group of Piuranos and then by families of Ancashinos affected by the Yungay earthquake. A very young community settled in the central jungle region. Shortly after the initial colonization, most of the settlers decided to leave Paraíso, leaving only 20% …
San Ramón was established as a province in 1977, separating from the larger Satipo province in the Selva Central region of Peru. The creation of the province included six districts: Vitoc, San Ramón, Chanchamayo, San Luis de Shuaro, Perené, and Pichanaki. This development was part of a broader regional growth …
In 1983, the Communist Party of Peru - Shining Path (PCP-SL) began operations in the Selva Central region, primarily as a result of military repression in Ayacucho. The region was strategically important due to its geographic and geopolitical significance, including its role in the coca trade. The PCP-SL, along with …
Between the second half of the 1980s and the early 1990s, the Asháninka people suffered a tragedy of enormous proportions. Some 6,000 Asháninka died, 10,000 were displaced and some 5,000 were taken captive by the Shining Path. Approximately 30 to 40 communities were disappeared and at least 60 mass graves …
Between 1985 and 1988, the Shining Path commanders of the PCP-SL carried out selective assassinations of alleged delinquents or 'informers' in the colonist villages of the Central Jungle. The Asháninka population felt fear when they heard about these executions, but at the same time recognized a positive aspect in these …
On October 29, 1987, members of the PCP-SL looted a native community in the Central Jungle. During this action, they ransacked the medical post and the homes of workers of two non-governmental organizations operating in the community: the Amazonian Center for Anthropology and Practical Application (CAAAP) and Save the Children. …
Around 1988, the PCP-SL began a more aggressive campaign of actions in the Central Jungle, increasing its presence through more regular visits to native communities, especially Asháninka. That same year, the province of Satipo was declared in a State of Emergency due to the intensification of subversive activities. The PCP-SL …
In 1988 the province of Satipo was declared in a State of Emergency due to the intensification of subversive activities of the PCP-SL (Shining Path) in the region. The subversive group with the greatest presence in the province of Satipo was (and still is) the PCP-SL Luminoso. This declaration took …
By 1989, the PCP-SL (Shining Path) had formed two popular committees in Otica, as part of its strategy of territorial control in the Ene and Tambo River area. These popular committees were part of the so-called 'New State' that Shining Path was trying to establish in the region. The formation …
During 1989, the PCP-SL significantly intensified its actions in the Central Jungle, particularly in the province of Satipo. The presence of the PCP-SL in the area became widespread and open, increasing its visits to native communities and carrying out looting accompanied by initial indoctrination of the population through prolonged meetings. …
Towards the end of 1989, in the process of regrouping and reorganizing their reduced forces after the Molinos battle, a group of MRTA guerrillas were transporting weapons for the jungle detachment. During the transport, the pickup truck in which they were traveling fell into the Pichanaki River. All the occupants …
By 1989, the presence of the PCP-SL in the Central Jungle was widespread and open, especially in the province of Satipo. The subversive group intensified its actions, reaching absolute control of the entire Ene River and Alto Tambo by 1990. During this year, PCP-SL increased its actions in the area, …
On February 13, 1989, the PCP-SL assassinated Isaías Charete, who was president of OCARE (Organización Central Asháninka del Río Ene), in the native community of Tzomaveni, located on the Ene River. This selective assassination was part of the PCP-SL's strategy to eliminate indigenous leaders who opposed or represented obstacles to …
Since 1990, indigenous organizations in the region such as CECONSEC (Central de Comunidades Nativas de la Selva Central) and FECONACA (Federación de Comunidades Nativas Campa) promoted the organization of Rondas or Asháninka Self-Defense Committees. This initiative arose in a context of generalized violence in the Central Jungle, where both the …
By the end of 1990, the PCP-Sendero Luminoso managed to establish absolute control over the entire Ene River and the upper Tambo up to the Poyeni bend. This control was the result of an intensification of actions that began in 1989, when PCP-SL increased its presence through regular visits to …
Between 1989 and 1990, the PCP-SL intensified its actions in the province of Satipo through the forced recruitment of young people and children, the clandestine indoctrination of leaders and authorities of settler communities, and the selective assassination of settlers. Due to its strategy of systematic terror, by 1990 the PCP-SL …
By the end of 1990, the PCP-SL managed to establish absolute control over the entire Ene River and the upper Tambo River, up to the Poyeni bend. This control was the result of an intensification of actions that began in 1989, when the PCP-SL increased its presence in the area …
On February 17, 1990, the Confederation of Amazonian Nationalities of Peru (CONAP) published a communiqué denouncing the violence in the central jungle. This communiqué followed the massacre of fifteen ronderos in the community of Dos de Mayo and in a context of intolerable conditions of insecurity in the region. CONAP …
During 1991 and 1992 there were strong and continuous confrontations between the PCP-SL and the Rondas or Asháninka Self-Defense Committees in the Central Jungle. The year 1991 was the turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the region, when the Armed Forces together with the organized Asháninka population initiated …
In 1991, the Puerto Ocopa native community created a native patrol on its own initiative as part of the counter-offensive against the PCP-Sendero Luminoso in the central jungle. This patrol was formed in the context of the intensification of the counter-subversive struggle that was taking place in the Tambo and …
In 1991 there was a turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the Central Jungle region. The Armed Forces, together with the Asháninka population organized in Rondas or Self-Defense Committees, began an important counter-offensive that hit the PCP-SL hard, especially in the Ene River area. Between 1991 and 1993, …
By 1991, specialists and institutions estimated that out of 55,000 Asháninkas in the Central Jungle, about 10,000 were forcibly displaced in the Ene, Tambo and Perené valleys. It is estimated that 6,000 people died during the conflict and about 5,000 people were held captive under the control of the PCP-SL. …
The year 1991 marked a decisive turning point in the PCP-Sendero Luminoso offensive in the Central Jungle region. Beginning that year, the Armed Forces, together with the Asháninka population organized in Rondas or Self-Defense Committees, began an important counter-offensive that hit the PCP-SL hard, especially in the Ene River area. …
On October 28, 1991, the ronderos of the Pitatos community kidnapped leader Lidia López along with six other members of her family, including several children. According to newspaper reports at the time, the ronderos were acting on orders from military leaders. This kidnapping occurred in the context of multiple reports …
During 1991 and 1992 there were strong and continuous confrontations between the PCP-SL and the rondas or Asháninka self-defense committees in the Central Jungle. The year 1991 was the turning point in the Shining Path offensive in the region, when the Armed Forces together with the organized Asháninka population initiated …
Between 1992 and 1993, the number of Asháninkas who attempted or succeeded in fleeing the Popular Committees controlled by the PCP-SL increased significantly. The Asháninkas rejected the living conditions in these committees, which functioned as concentration camps with forced labor, strict schedules, rigorous rules of conduct and loss of individual …
The Asháninka people, an indigenous group in the Selva Central region of the Peruvian Amazon, suffered severe human rights abuses during the internal conflict involving the PCP-SL. These abuses included forced displacement, murder, enslavement, and other inhumane conditions. The actions against the Asháninka violated fundamental human rights and international humanitarian …
Between 1993 and 1995, the number of Asháninkas rescued from the PCP-SL grew significantly as a result of the intensification of the counter-subversive struggle. Joint operations between the Army and the ronderos in the Tambo and Ene river valleys made it possible to free thousands of Asháninkas who had been …
The native community of Tahuantinsuyo, located in the district of Mazamari in the Central Jungle, was the victim of a massacre in 1993 during the internal armed conflict. This community was selected as a case study by the CVR Report along with Cushiviani to document the effects of violence on …
In 1994, CART (Central Asháninka del Río Tambo) was reactivated after years of violence in the Central Jungle. This indigenous organization managed to reorganize and held its VII Congress that year. The reactivation of CART was part of a broader process of restructuring of indigenous organizations that began to function …
The Great Asháninka March marked the official beginning of the return process for families displaced by violence in the Selva Central region of Peru. Initiated by the government and the Armed Forces, the campaign aimed to resettle over 500 individuals back to their original communities. However, the full return of …
On September 17, 1994, the process of returning displaced families in the central jungle officially began as part of a campaign promoted by the government and the Armed Forces. However, it was not until 1995 that the majority of displaced families began to return to their original communities. Many had …
In 1995, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Francis Deng, visited the Selva Central region of Peru to highlight the situation of the Asháninka communities. The Coordinadora Nacional de Derechos Humanos published a report on the disappearance of these communities, which were significantly affected by the internal armed conflict. …
In 1995, the United Nations Commissioner for Refugees, Francis Deng, visited the Asháninka area in the central jungle of Peru. The purpose of his visit was to raise international awareness of the grave humanitarian situation faced by the Asháninka people as a result of the internal armed conflict. This visit …
Beginning in 1995, the majority of displaced families began to return to the sites of their original communities in the central jungle. The return process had officially begun on September 17, 1994, as part of a campaign promoted by the government and the Armed Forces. However, many of those who …
Beginning in 1995, land and river transit began to be regularized, which had been interrupted for several years due to the internal armed conflict. This transit normalization process took place in the context of the return of displaced families to their original communities in the central jungle, a process that …
In order to interview residents and authorities of the Asháninka communities and discuss with them the results of the reports, four visits were made to the area on three separate dates. The first visit was carried out from September 16 to 29, 2002. The study focused on the areas that …
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission made its second visit to the Asháninka area of the Central Jungle between October 10 and 29, 2002. This was part of a total of four visits made on three separate dates to interview villagers and authorities of the Asháninka communities. The objective was to …
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission made its third visit to the Asháninka area of the Central Jungle between November 19 and December 9, 2002. This visit was part of a series of four visits made on three separate dates to interview villagers and authorities of the Asháninka communities. The objective …
Between January 15 and 25, 2003, interviews were conducted with representatives of the Regional Association of Indigenous Peoples of the Central Jungle (ARPI) and the Asháninka Emergency Commission (CEA) in the city of Satipo. These interviews were part of the TRC's fieldwork to document the effects of the internal armed …
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