In 1984, the V National Congress of the Patria Roja party in Peru focused on a significant internal debate about the direction of their revolutionary political work. The outcome was a strategic decision to prioritize preparing for armed struggle while also emphasizing mass political work. This period also saw the …
In 1987, a significant institutional crisis erupted in Peruvian universities, particularly affecting the Nueva Universidad de Izquierda Unida project. This period saw increased corruption and violent confrontations among various leftist factions, including Patria Roja, PUM, and PC-Unidad. The conflict escalated as groups like the MRTA and PCP-SL vied for control, …
In September 1987, student elections were held at La Cantuta University amidst a climate of instability and violence. The elections saw the victory of the Izquierda Unida list, an alliance between VER, PUM, and MUR, over other competing lists, including those backed by Patria Roja and the Frente Estudiantil Democrático …
In November 1987, the Asamblea Nacional Popular (ANP) was organized in Villa El Salvador by leftist groups including the PUM, PCP Unidad, and UDP. The event aimed to design an alternative democratic regime and proposed a national strike, highlighting the radical positions within the left. The ANP exemplified the left's …
In November 1987, the National Popular Assembly (ANP) was organized with special efforts by the PUM, the PCP Unity and the UDP in Villa El Salvador. This event proposed the design, albeit initial, of an alternative democratic regime. In spite of its large mass presence, it ended up proposing the …
In November 1987, the I Congress of the National Popular Assembly (ANP) was held in the district of Villa El Salvador. The radical sectors of the IU, such as the UNIR, the PUM and the FOCEP, the PCP Unity and the UDP participated. Through delegates who were from the MRTA …
In October 1988 the second congress of the PUM was held, where it was diagnosed that the country was inexorably heading towards a breakdown of the democratic regime and militarization. Its strategic and tactical proposal was to establish a global shift of the party and the whole of the IU …
In October 1988, the second congress of the PUM (Partido Unificado Mariateguista) was held in Peru. During this congress, the party diagnosed that the country was heading towards a breakdown of the democratic regime and increased militarization. As a response, the PUM proposed a strategic shift towards organizing an insurrectional …
At the end of 1988, the differences between radical (Libyans) and moderate (foxes) sectors of the PUM precipitated the breakup of the party. The moderates, who saw the importance of bringing together in a national agreement political sectors willing to halt the crisis and the subversive war within democratic frameworks, …
In 1989, tensions within the Peruvian left escalated as the PCP-SL (Shining Path) increased its attacks on leftist leaders, accusing them of being 'revisionists' and 'traitors.' Notable assassinations included Fermín Azparrent, the mayor of Huamanga, and Edilberto Salazar, the mayor of Morococha. These actions led to widespread condemnation from leftist …
Santiago Aragón, a PUM militant who is taking over the mayor's office in Azángaro from Marcelino Pachari, declares that in many communities the authorities have resigned for fear of being assassinated by the Shining Path. Azángaro was one of the FDCP's strongest bases, but in the last few months, this …
On September 28, 1989, a group of unknown persons attempted to kidnap Humberto Paredes, a PUM (Partido Unificado Mariateguista) militant and Izquierda Unida (United Left) candidate for mayor of Comas. The kidnapping attempt occurred in a context of increasing political violence in the northern area of Metropolitan Lima. It is …
Enrique Castilla, a textile leader associated with the PUM, was assassinated by a Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) commando in the outskirts of Lima in late October 1989. This event was part of a broader strategy by the Shining Path to eliminate local authorities and figures they deemed as traitors to …
On October 31, 1989, Enrique Castilla, textile leader and member of the Central Committee of the PUM, was assassinated in Lima by militants of the PCP-SL. This assassination was unanimously condemned by the IU and its members. Eduardo Cáceres, then Secretary General of the PUM, declared before various media that …
On October 31, 1989, a group of hikers assassinated Enrique Castilla Linares, leader of the Union of Workers of the 'La Union' Textile Factory in Ate Vitarte. Castilla was a member of the PUM (Partido Unificado Mariateguista) and had the recognition of the union sector. He was preparing to reject …
On November 12, 1989, municipal and regional elections were held. The IU obtained 12%, while the Left Socialist Agreement (ASI) obtained 2% of the vote. The Democratic Front (FREDEMO), led by Mario Vargas Llosa, had obtained just over 32% nationwide. In Lima, the independent Ricardo Belmont was elected Mayor. A …
Between the end of 1989 and the beginning of 1990 the Popular Revolutionary Bloc (BPR) was formed. One of its main contingents came from a split in the PCP Unidad, headed by Andrés Sosa Chanamé. The BPR shared many of the views of the PUM and UNIR about the current …
In 1990, the PUM (Partido Unificado Mariateguista) recognized the end of the Ande Rojo era, a period marked by rural unrest and socio-political changes in Peru. The party faced challenges from the PCP-SL (Shining Path) and struggled with internal disorganization and external pressures, including economic crises and natural disasters. Despite …
Five days after Olivares' death, in the city of Huancané, Romeo Paca Pantigoso, a PUM militant, heads the installation of the new regional government of the José Carlos Mariátegui region made up of the departments of Puno, Tacna and Moquegua. This event represents a paradoxical outcome of a tragic year.
Under the leadership of the FDCP, several communities take land from CAT Quisuni in July 1990. Surprisingly, the Shining Path column shows up and assassinates six workers of that entity, reiterating their slogan that the only way to get the land is with weapons in hand. In the following days, …
In September 1990, the PUM announced its full autonomy from the IU. This situation brought it into confrontation with the PCP Unity, which was trying to maintain the unity of the IU. In relation to the announcement of the PUM to transform itself into a party suitable for all forms …